Engineering strategies for apoptotic bodies.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer vesicles containing proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites secreted by cells under various physiological and pathological conditions that mediate intercellular communication. The main types of EVs include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies (ABs). ABs are vesicles released during the terminal stages of cellular apoptosis, enriched with diverse biological entities and characterized by distinct morphological features.

SOS response: Activation, impact, and drug targets.

is a common cause of diverse infections, ranging from superficial to invasive, affecting both humans and animals. The widespread use of antibiotics in clinical treatments has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and small colony variants. This surge presents a significant challenge in eliminating infections and undermines the efficacy of available treatments.

Genomic investigation and nationwide tracking of pediatric invasive nontyphoidal in China.

Invasive nontyphoidal (iNTS) causes significant concern with ~15% morbidity, affecting populations mainly in African countries. However, iNTS infections among the Chinese pediatric population remain largely unknown. Here, we conducted a genomic investigation to study pediatric iNTS infections in a Chinese hospital.

Predicting valuable missense variants with AlphaMissense in a multiple pulmonary infection patient.

AlphaMissense is proficient in predicting the clinical classification of missense variants. we utilized AlphaMissense to find disease-relevant variants within a polymicrobial pulmonary infection case. Exome sequencing was performed in this patient, and AlphaMissense and Phenolyzer were combined to investigate disease-relevant variants screening from exome sequencing results.

Nano-calcipotriol as a potent anti-hepatic fibrosis agent.

Calcipotriol (CAL) has been widely studied as a fibrosis inhibitor and used to treat plaque psoriasis via transdermal administration. The clinical application of CAL to treat liver fibrosis is bottlenecked by its unsatisfactory pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and side effects, such as hypercalcemia in patients. The exploration of CAL as a safe and effective antifibrotic agent remains a major challenge.

M1 macrophage-derived exosomes promote autoimmune liver injury by transferring long noncoding RNA H19 to hepatocytes.

Exosomes mediate intercellular communication by transmitting active molecules. The function of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in autoimmune liver injury is unclear. Concanavalin A (ConA)-induced liver injury is well-characterized immune-mediated hepatitis.