Interprofessional Art Rounds.

Art Rounds is an interprofessional workshop that uses art to develop nursing and medical students' observation skills and empathy. The workshop's joint emphasis on interprofessional education (IPE) and visual thinking strategies (VTS) is intended to improve patient outcomes, strengthen interprofessional collaboration, and maintain a climate of mutual respect and shared values. Interprofessional teams of 4 to 5 students practice faculty-guided VTS on artworks.

Chenodeoxycholic acid rescues axonal degeneration in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons from spastic paraplegia type 5 and cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis patients.

Background: Biallelic mutations in CYP27A1 and CYP7B1, two critical genes regulating cholesterol and bile acid metabolism, cause cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) and hereditary spastic paraplegia type 5 (SPG5), respectively. These rare diseases are characterized by progressive degeneration of corticospinal motor neuron axons, yet the underlying pathogenic mechanisms and strategies to mitigate axonal degeneration remain elusive.

Methods: To generate induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based models for CTX and SPG5, we reprogrammed patient skin fibroblasts into iPSCs by transducing fibroblast cells with episomal vectors containing pluripotency factors.

Demonstration of the DNA Fiber Assay for Investigating DNA Damage and Repair Dynamics Induced by Nanoparticles.

Nanomaterial exposure can cause replication stress and genomic instability in cells. The degree of instability depends on the chemistry, size, and concentration of the nanomaterials, the time of exposure, and the exposed cell type. Several established methods have been used to elucidate how endogenous/exogenous agents impact global replication.

Substernal multinodular goiter resulting in superior vena cava syndrome and tracheal compression.

A woman in her early 70s presented to the family medicine clinic with shortness of breath and an inability to lie flat for several months. When lying flat or on lifting her arms above her head, her face would turn bright red and she felt lightheaded. The patient also had hair loss and skin colour changes of the upper extremities.

Children, vaccines, and financial incentives.

Recent studies have been analyzing and measuring the efficacy of the use of financial incentives to increase the Covid-19 vaccine uptake. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the only study available in the literature that aims to measure the effect of financial incentives on vaccine rates among children. This paper explores the effects of a specific financial incentive on parents' vaccination decisions for their children.

Primary care for the urban poor in India during the pandemic: Uninterrupted management of non-communicable diseases and home-based care of patients with COVID-19 infection.

Problem: The two waves of COVID-19 severely affected the healthcare system in India. The government responded to the first wave with a strict nationwide lockdown which disrupted primary care, including the management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The second wave overwhelmed healthcare facilities leading to inadequate access to hospital services.

Application of the consolidated framework for implementation research to understand implementation context of a cardiovascular disease risk-reduction intervention in rural churches.

Rural populations in the USA face higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality relative to non-rural and often lack access to health-promoting evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to support CVD prevention and management. Partnerships with faith organizations offer promise for translating preventative EBIs in rural communities; however, studies demonstrating effective translation of EBIs in these settings are limited. We used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and a multiple case study approach to understand the role of internal organizational context within 12 rural churches in the implementation of a 12-week CVD risk-reduction intervention followed by a 24-month maintenance program implemented in southernmost Illinois.

Short and long-term follow-up and clinical outcomes in patients with celiac disease in a large private practice setting.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is caused by an immune response to gluten and treatment is adherence to a gluten-free diet. Guidelines from studies in large academic settings recommend registered dietitian (RD) referrals at time of diagnosis and periodic testing for micronutrient deficiencies. There is limited data to guide follow-up parameters in a large, community-based practice.

Complete Tolerogenic Adjuvant Stimulates Regulatory T Cell Response to Immunization.

We have determined in mice the minimum composition required for forming a vaccine adjuvant that stimulates a regulatory T (Treg) cell response to immunization, and we named the adjuvant "complete tolerogenic adjuvant." This new kind of adjuvant may let us use the well-proven "Ag with adjuvant" form of immunization for inducing Treg cell-mediated Ag-specific immunosuppression. The minimum composition consists of dexamethasone, rapamycin, and monophosphoryl lipid A at a mass ratio of 8:20:3.

Anesthesia considerations during management of airway stenosis: A systematic review.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of ventilatory techniques by evaluating prevalence of technique failure and intraoperative hypoxia during endoscopic management of airway stenosis.

Data Sources: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed and Embase for anesthesia techniques in endoscopic management of airway stenosis.

Review Methods: The primary outcome measured was reports of partial and complete technique failure.

COVID-19 Vaccine Attitudes and Barriers among Unvaccinated Residents in Rural Northern/Central Illinois.

Background: Rural communities have lower COVID-19 vaccine uptake and poorer health outcomes compared to non-rural communities, including in rural, northern/central Illinois. Understanding community perceptions about vaccination is critical for developing targeted responses to improve vaccine uptake in rural communities and meet global vaccination targets.

Purpose: This study examines COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and barriers as well as the impact of COVID-19 on specific health behaviors of residents in rural northern/central Illinois to inform efforts to increase vaccine uptake.

First-Year Resident Perceptions of Virtual Interviewing.

Background And Objectives: Virtual interviews (VI) for residency programs present a relatively new paradigm for recruitment. To date, studies have been small, largely descriptive, and focused on surgical and subspecialty areas. The purpose of the study was to assess residents' perceptions about their VI experience and to compare those in primary care versus non-primary care specialties.

Herpes simplex virus 1 as an oncolytic viral therapy for refractory cancers.

The need for efficacious and non-toxic cancer therapies is paramount. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are showing great promise and are introducing new possibilities in cancer treatment with their ability to selectively infect tumor cells and trigger antitumor immune responses. Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) is a commonly selected OV candidate due to its large genome, relative safety profile, and ability to infect a variety of cell types.

Corrosion Behavior of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) Manufactured Ti6Al4V Alloy in Saline and BCS Solution.

The frequency of surgeries involving the use of metal implants in orthopedic medicine to replace degenerative or fractured joints is increasing, and it is therefore important to optimize the lifespan and quality of these implants. Advances in additive manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, are creating new opportunities to personalize implants in ways that reduce mechanical stress at the joint implant interface and improve bone ingrowth and implant stability; however, it is not well understood if and to what degree the AM process alters the corrosion behavior of the materials it produces. In this study, six Ti6Al4V prints manufactured via a selective laser melting (SLM) method were examined regarding their corrosion behavior in both saline and bovine calf serum (BCS) solutions.

COVID-19 behavioral questionnaire (CoBQ): Comparing the pandemic's impact on health behavior in three US states.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted daily routines for a majority of the population, with implications for their health behaviors. Racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19. The novel COVID-19 Behavioral Questionnaire (CoBQ) was developed in Fall 2020 to provide a means to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the United States population.

Care Under Fire: United States Army Physician Survey.

United States Army healthcare has faced increasing criticism in recent years from its own active duty physicians. Internal surveys of active duty physicians demonstrate a lack of successful intervention in an annual exodus countered only by ongoing recruiting efforts. Anecdotal experience suggests much more widespread discontent due to numerous factors than has been reported publicly.

Inhibiting mitochondrial fission rescues degeneration in hereditary spastic paraplegia neurons.

Hereditary spastic paraplegias are characterized by lower limb spasticity resulting from degeneration of long corticospinal axons. SPG11 is one of the most common autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegias, and the SPG11 protein spatacsin forms a complex with the SPG15 protein spastizin and heterotetrameric AP5 adaptor protein complex, which includes the SPG48 protein AP5Z1. Using the integration-free episomal method, we established SPG11 patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patient fibroblasts.

Supporting a rural wellness intervention through assessing and mapping rural physical activity environments.

Rural residents are more likely to be physically inactive than their urban counterparts and are therefore at higher risk for obesity and cardiovascular disease. Research has shown that these disparities are driven in part by the physical environment, policies, and programming in rural communities. The purpose of this study was to use the Rural Active Living Assessment (RALA) to assess the physical activity environment of four Midwestern towns and to develop physical activity maps to support Enhanced Win With Wellness, a community-based cardiovascular risk reduction program.

Feasibility of promoting physical activity using mHEALTH technology in rural women: the step-2-it study.

Background: Rural women are more likely to be obese and have a higher risk for chronic disease than their non-rural counterparts. Inadequate physical activity (PA) at least in part contributes to this increased risk. Rural women face personal, social and environmental barriers to PA engagement.

MFN2 Deficiency Impairs Mitochondrial Transport and Downregulates Motor Protein Expression in Human Spinal Motor Neurons.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is one of the most common genetically inherited neurological disorders and CMT type 2A (CMT 2A) is caused by dominant mutations in the mitofusin-2 () gene. MFN2 is located in the outer mitochondrial membrane and is a mediator of mitochondrial fusion, with an essential role in maintaining normal neuronal functions. Although loss of MFN2 induces axonal neuropathy, the detailed mechanism by which MFN2 deficiency results in axonal degeneration of human spinal motor neurons remains largely unknown.

Gut Games: a Board Game to Integrate Basic and Clinical Sciences for the Classroom.

Medical schools are moving away from traditional lectures in favor of small-group learning. Here we present a game-based activity designed to improve student engagement while serving as a course review. The activity incorporated 32 questions submitted by eleven discipline directors.