Comparing short-axis versus long-axis ultrasound-guided techniques for internal jugular vein cannulation: A meta-analysis of clinical outcomes and safety.

Introduction: Central venous access plays a crucial role in various clinical settings, and ultrasound guidance has become increasingly popular for improving its safety and success rates. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the short-axis (SAX) and long-axis (LAX) ultrasound-guided techniques for internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation in terms of first needle pass success rate, number of cannulation attempts, access time, guidewire insertion time, posterior IJV wall puncture, arterial puncture, haematoma and catheter-related bloodstream infection.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted, and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SAX and LAX techniques for IJV cannulation on adults were included.

Striving toward safe abortion services in Nepal: A review of barriers and facilitators.

Background And Aims: Despite the decriminalization of abortion in Nepal in 2002, unsafe abortion is still a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality. Nepal has witnessed a significant drop in abortion-related severe complications and maternal deaths owing to the legalization of abortion laws, lowered financial costs, and wider accessibility of safe abortion services (SAS). However, various factors such as sociocultural beliefs, financial constraints, geographical difficulties, and stigma act as barriers to the liberal accessibility of SAS.

Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum in sex estimation: An additional 3DCT study from Nepal on a larger sample.

Background: Estimation of sex of the skeletal remains plays a vital part in the identification of an individual. This study is focused on the morphometric measurements of the foramen magnum region and examining the accuracy of sexual dimorphism in the Nepalese population.

Methods: Measurements were obtained from 3D computed tomography (CT) scan of 261 Nepalese adult cranial bases with known age and sex.

The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on otolaryngologists: Should we be concerned?

Objective: Physicians on the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic are at increased risk of contracting the disease. Otolaryngologists are amongst the high-risk practitioners, as they are in close proximity to patient's upper airway, which may induce their psychological stress.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey study, conducted among otolaryngologists in Saudi Arabia from June 11 to June 22.

Incidence of potential adverse events during hospital-based ketogenic diet initiation among children with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Objective: Due to the possibility of serious adverse events (AE), patients are commonly admitted to hospital for 3-5 days for ketogenic diet (KD) initiation. This study examined the incidence of potential AE during admission for KD initiation to investigate the possibility of safely initiating a KD at home.

Methods: Children with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) who were admitted to hospital for 5 days for KD initiation were retrospectively studied.