Bioprospecting of culturable marine biofilm bacteria for novel antimicrobial peptides.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have become a viable source of novel antibiotics that are effective against human pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we construct a bank of culturable marine biofilm bacteria constituting 713 strains and their nearly complete genomes and predict AMPs using ribosome profiling and deep learning. Compared with previous approaches, ribosome profiling has improved the identification and validation of small open reading frames (sORFs) for AMP prediction.

Inhibiting Tyrosine Kinase 2 Ameliorates Antiphospholipid Syndrome Nephropathy.

Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of 2-glycoprotein I (2-GPI)-targeting antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and vascular thrombosis or obstetrical complications. One of its severe manifestations is nephropathy. To examine the role of type I interferon (IFN) and therapeutic potential of tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2) inhibition, we administered BMS-986202, a novel Tyk2 inhibitor, in a mouse model of APS nephropathy.

Characterizing Vericiguat Treatment in Heart Failure: A Multicenter Real-World Study in China.

Background: Real-world data on the clinical benefit of vericiguat are currently limited. This multicenter, real-world study was conducted to evaluate the clinical characteristics and therapeutic effects of vericiguat in real-world settings.

Methods: This study analyzed heart failure (HF) patients who initiated vericiguat treatment from September 2022 to August 2023 across nine hospitals in the Anhui Province, China.

Social Media Use and Body Image Dissatisfaction Among University Students of Health Sciences in Saudi Arabia.

Background Recently, social media has become an integral part of daily life, particularly among young adults. While these platforms offer numerous benefits, including communication, information sharing, and social connection, they have also been linked to a range of negative psychological consequences, including body image dissatisfaction. This study examined the prevalence of body dissatisfaction among health science students in Saudi Arabia, assessed the frequency and duration of social media use by gender, estimated the impact of social media use for >3 hours a day on body dissatisfaction, and identified the most commonly used social media platforms.

Preferences and choice in clinical decision-making with the help of time trade-off and standard gamble techniques among periodontally compromised patients - A cross-sectional study.

Background: To assess the validity of time trade-off (TTO) and standard gamble (SG) techniques of utility valuation among patients with periodontal problems by assessing their relation to two logical constructs; Gingival Index (GI) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) Questionnaire.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and one patients aged 18 years old and above, who visited a tertiary care hospital for treatment/consultation were included. A questionnaire was administered to record the TTO, SG, and OHIP.

The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.

The COVID-19 virus not only has significant pathogenicity but also influences the progression of many diseases, altering patient prognosis. Cardiovascular diseases, particularly aortic aneurysms, are among the most life-threatening conditions. COVID-19 infection is reported to accelerate the progression of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and increase the risk of rupture; however, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains elusive.

Discovery and Validation of Potential Serum Biomarkers for Heart Failure by Untargeted Metabolomics.

Detection of biomarkers was extremely important for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy optimization of diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in serum metabolites between patients with heart failure (HF) and healthy control (HC) and to diagnose HF qualitatively. In this study, serum samples from 83 patients with HF and 35 HCs were used as the research subjects for untargeted metabolomic analysis using ultraperformance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) technology.

Cardiovascular Diseases Among Indian Older Adults: A Comprehensive Review.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) constitute an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally, and India is no exception to this trend. With the ongoing aging of the population in India, there is a notable surge in the prevalence and impact of CVDs among older adults. This review is aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge concerning the prevalence, risk factors, and management of CVDs in the context of Indian older adults.

Salivary chromogranin A levels relate to fatigability after waking up.

This study aimed to assess fatigue using a noninvasive, quantitative, and simple method using salivary chromogranin A (CgA). In total, 171 adults participated in this study. We used the Cornell Medical Index (CMI) as a questionnaire that included a fatigability section.

TCA cycle impairment leads to PIN2 internalization and degradation via reduced MAB4 level and ARA6 components in Arabidopsis roots.

The mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) plays a crucial role in linking the glycolysis pathway and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Previously, we reported that a mutation of , encoding an E1β subunit of PDC, affects the abundance of auxin efflux carriers PIN-FORMED proteins (PINs) via reduced recycling and enhanced degradation in vacuoles. Here, we further analyzed the effects of TCA cycle inhibition on vesicle trafficking using both the mutant and 3-BP, a TCA cycle inhibitor.

Association of Serum Ferritin With Growth and Endocrine Function in Thalassemia Major Children in North India: An Observational Study.

Background Thalassemia is the most common form of hereditary anemia caused by the impaired synthesis of one of the two globin chains in hemoglobin. A decrease in beta-globin chains occurs in beta-thalassemia, resulting in a relative excess of alpha-globin chains. Thalassemia major is the severe form of thalassemia, which requires frequent blood transfusions for survival.

Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction Complicated With Acute Mitral Regurgitation Requiring Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair.

Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a life-threatening condition often associated with significant cardiac complications, particularly in the presence of underlying multivessel coronary artery disease. Mechanical complications, such as acute mitral regurgitation (MR), can worsen the clinical course, leading to rapid hemodynamic deterioration. Recent advancements in mechanical circulatory support and percutaneous interventions have introduced new therapeutic options, offering viable alternatives to traditional surgery for high-risk patients.

Antifungal peptides from living organisms.

In the post-COVID-19 era, people are increasingly concerned about microbial infections, including fungal infections that have risen in recent years. However, the currently available antifungal agents are rather limited. Worse still, the widespread use of the antifungal agents has caused the emergence of antifungal resistance in , , and species.

Medicago2035: Genomes, Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding.

Medicago, a member of the Leguminosae or Fabaceae family, encompasses the most significant forage crops globally, notably alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Its close diploid relative, Medicago truncatula, serves as an exemplary model plant for investigating leguminous growth and development, as well as its symbiosis with rhizobia.

Health checks for autistic adults: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Background: Autistic people commonly have physical and mental health conditions. They also frequently experience barriers to accessing healthcare, contributing to problems identifying and treating health conditions. These factors may lead to increased and earlier morbidity and lower average life expectancy for autistic people.

Reassessing the roles of oxidative DNA base lesion 8-oxoGua and repair enzyme OGG1 in tumorigenesis.

ROS cause multiple forms of DNA damage, and among them, 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoGua), an oxidized product of guanine, is one of the most abundant. If left unrepaired, 8-oxoGua may pair with A instead of C, leading to a mutation of G: C to T: A during DNA replication. 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) is a tailored repair enzyme that recognizes 8-oxoGua in DNA duplex and initiates the base excision repair (BER) pathway to remove the lesion and ensure the fidelity of the genome.

A case of subcutaneous metastatic malignant melanoma of the left medial ankle: a case report and review of literature.

Background: Although rare, melanoma confined to the dermis or subcutaneous tissue without evidence of a primary cutaneous site should provoke consideration of melanoma of unknown primary. This diagnosis carries a favorable prognosis when compared with cutaneous metastatic melanoma. Several hypotheses have been proposed for how melanoma of unknown primary develops, two of which were considered in our patient case: (1) spontaneous regression of the primary tumor following metastasis or (2) the traumatic implantation of ectopic melanocytic cells in other tissues, such as the subcutaneous tissue.

Interpretation and classification of FBN1 variants associated with Marfan syndrome: consensus recommendations from the Clinical Genome Resource's FBN1 variant curation expert panel.

Background: In 2015, the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) developed standardized variant curation guidelines for Mendelian disorders. Although these guidelines have been widely adopted, they are not gene- or disease-specific. To mitigate classification discrepancies, the Clinical Genome Resource FBN1 variant curation expert panel (VCEP) was established in 2018 to develop adaptations to the ACMG/AMP criteria for FBN1 in association with Marfan syndrome.

Spatial transcriptomics reveals unique metabolic profile and key oncogenic regulators of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: As a prevalent and deadly malignant tumor, the treatment outcomes for late-stage patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) are often suboptimal. Previous studies have shown that tumor progression is closely related with tumor metabolism and microenvironment reshaping, with disruptions in energy metabolism playing a critical role in this process. To delve deeper into the understanding of CSCC development, our research focused on analyzing the tumor microenvironment and metabolic characteristics across different regions of tumor tissue.

Adaptive deep feature representation learning for cross-subject EEG decoding.

Background: The collection of substantial amounts of electroencephalogram (EEG) data is typically time-consuming and labor-intensive, which adversely impacts the development of decoding models with strong generalizability, particularly when the available data is limited. Utilizing sufficient EEG data from other subjects to aid in modeling the target subject presents a potential solution, commonly referred to as domain adaptation. Most current domain adaptation techniques for EEG decoding primarily focus on learning shared feature representations through domain alignment strategies.

Inferring transcriptomic dynamics implicated in odor fatty acid accumulation in adipose tissue of Hulun Buir sheep from birth to market.

This study aimed to investigate the temporal accumulation of odor fatty acids (OFAs) in the dorsal subcutaneous adipose tissue, and uncover their dynamic regulatory metabolic pathways from the transcriptomic perspective in lambs from birth to market. Thirty-two Hulun Buir lambs were selected and randomly assigned to four different sampling stages following their growth trajectories: neonatal (day 1), weaning (day 75), mid-fattening (day 150), and late-fattening (day 180) stages. Results indicated that the contents of three OFAs increased progressively as lambs matured, with the most drastic change occurred at mid-fattening vs.

Chromosome-scale assembly and annotation of the wild wheat relative Aegilops comosa.

Wild relatives of wheat are valuable sources for enhancing the genetic diversity of common wheat. Aegilops comosa, an annual diploid species with an MM genome constitution, possesses numerous agronomically valuable traits that can be exploited for wheat improvement. In this study, we report a chromosome-level genome assembly of Ae.

DS2 designer pre-fusion F vaccine induces strong and protective antibody response against RSV infection.

DS-Cav1, SC-TM, and DS2 are distinct designer pre-fusion F proteins (pre-F) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) developed for vaccines. However, their immunogenicity has not been directly compared. In this study, we generated three recombinant vaccines using the chimpanzee adenovirus vector AdC68 to express DS-Cav1, SC-TM, and DS2.