Community responses of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi to hydrological gradients in a riparian wetland.

The hydrological regime is considered to be the major factor that affects the distribution of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi in wetlands. We aimed to investigate the responses of AM fungal community to different hydrological gradients. Illumina Miseq sequencing technology was used to study the AM fungal community structure in roots and rhizosphere soils of in different moisture areas (dry area, alternating wet and dry area, and flooded area) in Mengjin Yellow River wetland.

The effects of pH and NaCl concentration on the structure of β-casein from buffalo milk.

In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of pH and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration on the structure of β-casein (β-CN) purified from buffalo milk using circular dichroism (CD), intrinsic tryptophan, and anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) fluorescence spectroscopy. We found that NaCl concentration played a critical role in the stability of the secondary structure of β-CN. The CD negative peak had a redshift as the NaCl concentration was increased and accompanied by a decrease of β-sheet content and an increase of α-helix content.