Integrating the milk microbiome signatures in mastitis: milk-omics and functional implications.

Mammalian milk contains a variety of complex bioactive and nutritional components and microorganisms. These microorganisms have diverse compositions and functional roles that impact host health and disease pathophysiology, especially mastitis. The advent and use of high throughput omics technologies, including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, metametabolomics, as well as culturomics in milk microbiome studies suggest strong relationships between host phenotype and milk microbiome signatures in mastitis.

ds-FCRN: three-dimensional dual-stream fully convolutional residual networks and transformer-based global-local feature learning for brain age prediction.

The brain undergoes atrophy and cognitive decline with advancing age. The utilization of brain age prediction represents a pioneering methodology in the examination of brain aging. This study aims to develop a deep learning model with high predictive accuracy and interpretability for brain age prediction tasks.

Alterations of amino acids in older adults with Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia.

Metabolomics provide a promising tool for understanding dementia pathogenesis and identifying novel biomarkers. This study aimed to identify amino acid biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Vascular Dementia (VD). By amino acid metabolomics, the concentrations of amino acids were determined in the serum of AD and VD patients as well as age-matched healthy controls.

Exploring the effect of hsa-miR-19b-3p on IL-1R1 expression and serum levels in alopecia areata.

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition marked by hair loss, linked to inflammatory processes involving the interleukin-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1) pathway. This study aims to explore the relationship between IL-1R1 gene expression, serum IL-1R1 levels, and hsa-miR-19b-3p in relation to AA severity. Using a case-control design, we assessed 100 AA patients and 100 healthy controls, measuring serum IL-1R1 through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and analyzing IL-1R1 gene and hsa-miR-19b-3p expression levels via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Comparative Analysis of the Probiotic Features of Lysinibacillus and Enterobacter Strains Isolated from Gut Tract of Triploid Cyprinid Fish.

Gut mucosal immunity of teleost is mainly governed by mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) and indigenous microbiota on mucosal surfaces of gut tract, which can confer protection against pathogenic invasion. However, the probiotic features of bacterial isolates from gut tract of triploid cyprinid fish (TCF) were largely unclear. In this study, Lysinibacillus and Enterobacter strains were isolated for probiotic identification.

X-ray Responsive Antioxidant Drug-Free Hydrogel for Treatment of Radiation Skin Injury.

Radiotherapy (RT) is widely applied in tumor therapy, but inevitable side effects, especially for skin radiation injury, are still a fatal problem and life-threatening challenge for tumor patients. The main components of topical radiation protection preparations currently available on the market are antioxidants, such as SOD, which are limited by their unstable activity and short duration of action, making it difficult to achieve the effects of radiation protection and skin radiation damage treatment. Therefore, we designed a drug-free antioxidant hydrogel patch with encapsulated bioactive epidermal growth factor (EGF) for the treatment of radiation skin injury.

Towards a Theory of Compassion Fatigue in Palliative Care and Oncology: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Background: In their care of terminally ill patients, palliative care physicians and oncologists are increasingly predisposed to physical and emotional exhaustion, or compassion fatigue (CF). Challenges faced by physicians include complex care needs; changing practice demands, and sociocultural contextual factors. Efforts to better understand CF have, however, been limited.

New onset refractory status epilepticus: Long-term outcomes beyond seizures.

We propose and prioritize important outcome domains that should be considered for future research investigating long-term outcomes (LTO) after new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE). The study was led by the international NORSE Institute LTO Working Group. First, literature describing the LTO of NORSE survivors was identified using a PubMed search and summarized to identify knowledge gaps.

DNA methylation at birth and IgE trajectories from birth to adolescence, different patterns between White and Asian.

Aim: We aim to assess association of DNA methylation (DNAm) at birth with total immunoglobulin E (IgE) trajectories from birth to late adolescence and whether such association is ethnicity-specific.

Methods: We examined the association of total IgE trajectories from birth to late adolescence with DNAm at birth in two independent birth cohorts, the Isle of wight birth cohort (IOWBC) in UK ( = 796; White) and the maternal and infant cohort study (MICS) in Taiwan ( = 60; Asian). Biological pathways and methylation quantitative trait loci (methQTL) for associated Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine sites were studied.

Host Specificity and Geographic Dispersion Shape Virome Diversity in Rhinolophus Bats.

Rhinolophus bats have been identified as natural reservoirs for viruses with global health implications, including severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV) and swine acute diarrhoea syndrome-related coronavirus (SADSr-CoV). In this study, we characterised the individual viromes of 603 bats to systematically investigate the diversity, abundance and geographic distribution of viral communities within R. affinis, R.

Molecular Mechanism of N-Acetylcysteine Regulating Proliferation and Hormone Secretion of Granulosa Cells in Sheep.

Granulosa cells (GCs) are pivotal in the development of ovarian follicles, serving not only as supportive cells but also as the primary producers of steroid hormones. The proliferation of these cells and the synthesis of steroid hormones are crucial for follicular development and atresia. In our study, GCs were isolated using follicular fluid aspiration and subsequently identified through immunofluorescence.

Impacts of Ethical Dilemmas and Moral Distress in Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurses.

Purpose: To assess the level of moral distress (MD) and perceptions of ethical climate among pediatric hematology/oncology (PHO) nurses and to identify bioethics topics where increased education was desired.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we administered the 26-item Swedish Moral Distress Scale-Revised (sMDS-R), specifically revised and validated for pediatric oncology, in conjunction with the Clinical Ethics Needs Assessment Survey (CENAS). Electronic surveys were sent to inpatient and outpatient PHO nurses.

Unlocking Mechanisms for Soil Organic Matter Accumulation: Carbon Use Efficiency and Microbial Necromass as the Keys.

Soil microorganisms transform plant-derived C (carbon) into particulate organic C (POC) and mineral-associated C (MAOC) pools. While microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) is widely recognized in current biogeochemical models as a key predictor of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, large-scale empirical evidence is limited. In this study, we proposed and experimentally tested two predictors of POC and MAOC pool formation: microbial necromass (using amino sugars as a proxy) and CUE (by O-HO approach).

The role of circadian rhythm regulator PERs in oxidative stress, immunity, and cancer development.

The complex interaction between circadian rhythms and physiological functions is essential for maintaining human health. At the heart of this interaction lies the PERIOD proteins (PERs), pivotal to the circadian clock, influencing the timing of physiological and behavioral processes and impacting oxidative stress, immune functionality, and tumorigenesis. PER1 orchestrates the cooperation of the enzyme GPX1, modulating mitochondrial dynamics in sync with daily rhythms and oxidative stress, thus regulating the mechanisms managing energy substrates.

Human epicardial organoids from pluripotent stem cells resemble fetal stage with potential cardiomyocyte- transdifferentiation.

Epicardium, the most outer mesothelium, exerts crucial functions in fetal heart development and adult heart regeneration. Here we use a three-step manipulation of WNT signalling entwined with BMP and RA signalling for generating a self-organized epicardial organoid that highly express with epicardium makers WT1 and TCF21 from human embryonic stem cells. After 8-days treatment of TGF-beta following by bFGF, cells enter into epithelium-mesenchymal transition and give rise to smooth muscle cells.

Leaf Photosynthetic and Respiratory Thermal Acclimation in Terrestrial Plants in Response to Warming: A Global Synthesis.

Leaf photosynthesis and respiration are two of the largest carbon fluxes between the atmosphere and biosphere. Although experiments examining the warming effects on photosynthetic and respiratory thermal acclimation have been widely conducted, the sensitivity of various ecosystem and vegetation types to warming remains uncertain. Here we conducted a meta-analysis on experimental observations of thermal acclimation worldwide.

Palliative care needs and quality of life among adults with advanced chronic illnesses in low-income communities of Bangladesh.

Objectives: Palliative care (PC) is an interdisciplinary approach aimed at improving the physical, psychological, and spiritual well-being of patients and families affected by life-threatening diseases. This study aimed to investigate the need for PC among critically ill patients and their quality of life (QOL) in low-income groups in Bangladesh.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at four healthcare facilities from March to April 2023, involving 553 registered patients with advanced chronic conditions.

Relationship of negative life events with depression and anxiety in nursing students: a moderated mediation model of resilience and gender.

Background: Compared to ordinary student in the same age group, nursing students experience notably higher rates of depression and anxiety. Negative life events (NLEs) and resilience were recognized as risk factors and protective factors, respectively. There is little literature on the complex interaction of these factors among nursing students.

Common mental disorders and associated factors among adult patients admitted in non-psychiatric wards of public hospitals in Harari regional State, Eastern Ethiopia.

Introduction: Common mental disorders represent psychiatric co-morbidity in medical illness, which leads to poor adherence to treatment, increased exposure to diagnostic procedures and the cost of treatment, longer hospital stay, and increasing the risk of complications that result in morbidity and mortality among patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards. There is a dearth of evidence related to the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adult patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards, particularly in the study area. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adult patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards of public hospitals in the Harari region, eastern Ethiopia.

Fear of progression and quality of life in patients with heart failure: a cross-sectional study on the multiple mediation of psychological distress and resilience.

Background: Existing research indicates that fear of progression influences the quality of life of patients with various diseases. However, the influence of fear of progression on the quality of life of patients with heart failure and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the link between fear of progression and quality of life in patients with heart failure and explore the multiple mediating roles of psychological distress and resilience in this association.

Influence of drought stress on phosphorus dynamics and maize growth in tropical ecosystems.

Drought has a significant impact on ecosystem functions, especially on the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus (P), which is a crucial nutrient for plant growth and productivity. Despite its importance, the effects of different drought scenarios on soil P cycling and availability remain poorly understood in previous studies. This study simulated drought conditions in tropical soils using maize as a test crop under varying field capacity (FC) levels (100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%) over a 60-day pot experiment.

Complete genome sequence of Pseudarthrobacter sp. NIBRBAC000502770 from coal mine of Hongcheon on Republic of Korea.

Objectives: The data were collected to obtain the complete genome sequence of Pseudarthrobacter sp. NIBRBAC000502770, isolated from the rhizosphere of Sasamorpha in a heavy metal-contaminated coal mine in Hongcheon, Republic of Korea. The objective was to explore the strain's genetic potential for plant growth promotion and heavy metal resistance, particularly arsenate and copper.

MGATAF: multi-channel graph attention network with adaptive fusion for cancer-drug response prediction.

Background: Drug response prediction is critical in precision medicine to determine the most effective and safe treatments for individual patients. Traditional prediction methods relying on demographic and genetic data often fall short in accuracy and robustness. Recent graph-based models, while promising, frequently neglect the critical role of atomic interactions and fail to integrate drug fingerprints with SMILES for comprehensive molecular graph construction.

Quantitative DIA-based proteomics unveils ribosomal biogenesis pathways associated with increased final size in three-year-old Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis).

Background: Temperature is a key determinant of ectotherms distribution and growth. During the Eriocheir sinensis breeding process, it was observed that crabs in high latitudes and altitude areas with low temperatures undergo diapause, they would overwinter and continue to grow into three-year-old individuals, whose final body size is significantly larger than the normal two-year-old crabs. The hepatopancreas is responsible for maintaining the nutritional balance and energy required for the crab survival.

Bacterial indole-3-propionic acid inhibits macrophage IL-1β production through targeting methionine metabolism.

The gut microbiota plays key roles in host health by shaping the host immune responses through their metabolites, like indole derivatives from tryptophan. However, the direct role of these indole derivatives in macrophage fate decision and the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we found that bacterial indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) downregulates interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) production in M1 macrophages through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling.