Aptamer proximal enzyme cascade reactions for ultrafast detection of glucose in human blood serum.

An innovative colorimetric sensing strategy was developed for the detection of glucose by the integration of glucose aptamer, glucose oxidase (GOx), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), termed aptamer proximal enzyme cascade reactions (APECR). In the presence of glucose, aptamer binding enables GOx to catalyze glucose oxidation into HO efficiently. Subsequently, the adjacent HRP catalyzes the oxidation of the peroxidase substrate, 2,2'-biazobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), utilizing the generated HO, resulting in a distinct color change.

Engineered cell membrane vesicles loaded with lysosomophilic drug for acute myeloid leukemia therapy via organ-cell-organelle cascade-targeting.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presents significant treatment challenges due to the severe toxicities and limited efficacy of conventional therapies, highlighting the urgency for innovative approaches. Organelle-targeting therapies offer a promising avenue to enhance therapeutic outcomes while minimizing adverse effects. Herein, inspired that primary AML cells are enriched with lysosomes and sensitive to lysosomophilic drugs (e.

Airborne Exposure Induces Depression-like Behaviors in Mice Abnormal Neural Oscillation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

Airborne exists widely in the natural environment and is closely related to human health. Growing evidence indicates that environmental air pollution elevates the risk of depressive disorders. However, the potential role of airborne in the development of depression remains unclear.

A human monoclonal antibody isolated from Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine-vaccinated volunteer neutralizing various flaviviruses.

Introduction: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are prevalent in over 80 countries or territories worldwide, causing hundreds of thousands of cases annually. But currently there is a lack of specific antiviral agents and effective vaccines.

Methods: In the present study, to identify human neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) against JEV or/and ZIKV, we isolated ZIKV-E protein-binding B cells from the peripheral venous blood of a healthy volunteer who had received the JEV live-attenuated vaccine and performed 10× Genomics transcriptome sequencing and BCR sequencing analysis, we then obtained the V region amino acid sequences of a novel mAb LZY3412.

Discovery of acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitors as anti-tuberculosis lead compounds from natural products.

Acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids, which is indispensable for the survival and growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Aim to discover new AHAS inhibitors from natural products, here we performed computer assistant target-based screening for Mtb-AHAS inhibitors using Discovery Studio on TCMSP and SELLECK libraries. Mtb-AHAS structure was first simulated and verified for docking, and 80 compounds with top LIBDOCK and CDDOCK scores were obtained.

NHANES data analysis of the cardiometabolic index in relation to lumbar spine bone mineral density.

Objective: to investigate the correlation between cardiometabolic index (CMI) and lumbar spine bone mineral density (LSBMD) in U.S. adults.

Multi-omics characterization and machine learning of lung adenocarcinoma molecular subtypes to guide precise chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a heterogeneous tumor characterized by diverse genetic and molecular alterations. Developing a multi-omics-based classification system for LUAD is urgently needed to advance biological understanding.

Methods: Data on clinical and pathological characteristics, genetic alterations, DNA methylation patterns, and the expression of mRNA, lncRNA, and microRNA, along with somatic mutations in LUAD patients, were gathered from the TCGA and GEO datasets.

A phage amplification-assisted SEA-CRISPR/Cas12a system for viable bacteria detection.

Rapid and accurate detection of viable bacteria is essential for the clinical diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and for making effective therapeutic decisions. However, most current molecular diagnostic techniques are unable to differentiate between viable and non-viable bacteria. In this study, we introduce a novel isothermal platform that integrates strand exchange amplification (SEA) with the CRISPR/Cas12a system, thereby enhancing both the sensitivity and specificity of the assay and achieving detection of phage DNA at concentrations as low as 4 × 10 copies per μL.

Effect of powder combined with conventional therapy on mild to moderate fatty liver.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a variety of liver conditions impacting individuals who consume minimal or no alcohol. Recently, traditional Chinese medicine has been gradually used to treat mild to moderate fatty liver, among which Lindl. powder has been affirmed by many doctors and patients to be effective.

Circulating DKK1 levels are significantly elevated in obese individuals and are associated with insulin resistance and oxidative stress.

Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is reportedly involved in various biological functions of the human body. However, the relationship between DKK1 and obesity in humans remains unknown. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to investigate the associations between DKK1 and metabolism-related genes and signaling pathways.

Screening and verification of differentially expressed serum proteins in children with severe adenovirus pneumonia.

Background: Human adenoviruses are prevalent pathogens that cause severe acute respiratory infections. The clinical presentation of the adenoviral pneumonia is varied; in severe cases, they may cause systemic multi-system damages. Currently, early clinical differential diagnosis is difficult under the existing testing methods, the study identified potential biomarkers by screening and validating differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), and aimed at distinguishing between severe and non-severe adenovirus pneumonia in children aged <14 years.

Dynamic Time-Programming Circuit for Encoding Information, Programming Dissipative Systems, and Delaying Release of Cargo.

Living systems have some of the most sophisticated reaction circuits in the world, realizing many incredibly complex functions through a variety of simple molecular reactions, in which the most notable feature that distinguishes them from artificial molecular reaction networks is the precise control of reaction times and programmable expression. Here, we exploit the hydrolysis-directed nature of λ exonuclease and the programmed responses of the dynamic nanotechnology of nucleic acids to construct a simple, complete, and powerful set of temporally programmed circuits. This system can arbitrarily regulate the degradation rate of the blocker, thereby delaying the nucleic acid chain substitution reaction with less signal leakage.

BMP-9 mediates fibroproliferation in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva through TGF-β signaling.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disorder presenting with progressive heterotopic ossification (HO) in soft tissues. Early-stage FOP is characterized by recurrent episodes of painful tissue swelling (flare-ups), with numerous proliferation-activated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) subsequently causing HO. However, the mechanisms underlying flare-up progression remain unclear.

Emerging Trends in Integrated Digital Microfluidic Platforms for Next-Generation Immunoassays.

Technologies based on digital microfluidics (DMF) have made significant advancements in the automated manipulation of microscale liquids and complex multistep processes. Due to their numerous benefits, such as automation, speed, cost-effectiveness, and minimal sample volume requirements, these systems are particularly well suited for immunoassays. In this review, an overview is provided of diverse DMF manipulation platforms and their applications in immunological analysis.

Intestinal NUCB2/nesfatin-1 regulates hepatic glucose production via the MC4R-cAMP-GLP-1 pathway.

Communication of gut hormones with the central nervous system is important to regulate systemic glucose homeostasis, but the precise underlying mechanism involved remain little understood. Nesfatin-1, encoded by nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2), a potent anorexigenic peptide hormone, was found to be released from the gastrointestinal tract, but its specific function in this context remains unclear. Herein, we found that gut nesfatin-1 can sense nutrients such as glucose and lipids and subsequently decreases hepatic glucose production.

Exosomal lncRNA Mir100hg derived from cancer stem cells enhance glycolysis and promote metastasis of melanoma through miR-16-5p and miR-23a-3p.

Increasing evidence demonstrate that the significant role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in metastasis and the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. However, the precise mechanisms of lncRNAs in cancer metastasis are still poorly understood. The function of lncRNA-Mir100hg in melanoma and its involvement in mediating communication between tumor stem cells and non-stemness tumor cells remains unknown.

Binding-driven forward tearing protospacer activated CRISPR-Cas12a system and applications for microRNA detection.

CRISPR-Cas12a system, characterized by its precise sequence recognition and cleavage activity, has emerged as a powerful and programmable tool for molecular diagnostics. However, current CRISPR-Cas12a-based nucleic acid detection methods, particularly microRNA (miRNA) detection, necessitate additional bio-engineering strategies to exert control over Cas12a activity. Herein, we propose an engineered target-responsive hairpin DNA activator (TRHDA) to mediate forward tearing protospacer activated CRISPR-Cas12a system, which enables direct miRNA detection with high specificity and sensitivity.

LC3B-regulated autophagy mitigates zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced epithelial cell dysfunction and acute lung injury.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are widely utilized across various industries, raising concerns about their potential toxicity, especially in the respiratory system. This study explores the role of autophagy, regulated by microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3B (LC3B), in ZnONPs-induced toxicity using both in vivo (LC3B knockout mice) and in vitro (BEAS-2B cells) models. Our findings demonstrate that LC3B-regulated autophagy mitigates ZnONPs-induced epithelial cell dysfunction and acute lung injury.

Unexpected Inhibitory Role of Silica Nanoparticles on Lung Cancer Development by Promoting M1 Polarization of Macrophages.

Introduction: Inhalation exposure to silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) is frequently inevitable in modern times. Although the impact of SiNPs on the ecological niche of the lungs has been extensively explored, the role and mechanism of SiNPs in the microenvironment of lung tumors remain elusive.

Methods: In this investigation, Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) was implanted into the left lung in situ after 28 days of intratracheal SiNPs injection into the lungs of mice.

Structured protein probes modified with selenium nanoparticle for 1-minute measurement of SARS-CoV-2 antigen.

Conventional point-of-care lateral flow immunoassays are characterized by an antibody-tagged probe irregular coupling that can limit sensitivity and require a long assay's time. We synthesized polyethylene glycol-modified selenium nanoparticles (PEG-SeNPs) by template method and developed a strategy to set antibody probes targeted and orderly by using PEG-SeNPs. Synthesized PEG-SeNPs with high stability could immobilize antibodies in the "stand-up" orientation, resulting in a faster detection time of less than 1 min by direct observer visualization without instruments or equipment.

Elevated circulating HHIP levels in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Abnormal fat accumulation can lead to metabolic syndrome (MetS), increasing the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in MetS patients. Early identification of MetS risk is essential for effective disease prevention. Using bioinformatics methods, we sought biomarkers for MetS.

Rational design of an ultrabright quinolinium-fused rhodamine turn-on fluorescent probe for highly sensitive detection of SO derivatives: Applications in food safety and bioimaging.

Sulfur dioxide (SO) is an essential signaling molecule involved in various physiological processes within living organisms. Bisulfite (HSO) possesses antioxidant, antimicrobial, and preservative properties, making it a common food additive. However, elevated levels of SO or excessive HSO intake can lead to a range of diseases, highlighting the importance of detecting SO and its derivatives (HSO/SO).