Characterization of the Structure of Rice and Wheat Straw Pretreated with . AH.

. AH pretreatment (PT) enhances the conversion and selectivity of RS and WS in supercritical methanolysis. In this work, we investigated how .

Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence Properties of Binuclear Cyclometalated Platinum(II) Complexes Bearing Axially Chiral Schiff-Base Ligands.

The synthesis, structure, and circularly polarized phosphorescence (CPP) properties of axially chiral cyclometalated binuclear platinum(II) complexes were described. A series of optically pure binuclear platinum(II) complexes were synthesized in five steps from commercially available ()- or ()-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) as starting materials. Their three-dimensional molecular structures and square-planar coordination geometries were elucidated from X-ray diffraction and 2D NMR analysis.

Structural analysis and transport properties of [010]-tilt grain boundaries in Fe(Se,Te).

Understanding the nature of grain boundaries is a prerequisite for fabricating high-performance superconducting bulks and wires. For iron-based superconductors [e.g.

CK-ATTnet: Medical image segmentation network based on convolutional kernel attention.

The medical image partition model has a wide range of application prospects in medical diagnosis and treatment and has become an important auxiliary method to improve the diagnostic level by medical imaging analysis. After the feature extraction ability of the convolutional neural network (CNN) reached a bottleneck, the form of feature extraction represented by Transformer has made significant achievements in the medical image domain in recent years. However, the structure of Transformer is relatively fixed, the cost of computer resources is large, and it is difficult to adjust the model structure according to the complex medical imaging segmentation task.

Branched hybridization chain reaction and tetrahedral DNA-based trivalent aptamer powered SERS sensor for ultra-highly sensitive detection of cancer-derived exosomes.

Exosomes have emerged as a promising noninvasive biomarker for early cancer diagnosis due to their ability to carry specific bioinformation related to cancer cells. However, accurate detection of trace amount of cancer-derived exosomes in complex blood remains a significant challenge. Herein, an ultra-highly sensitive SERS sensor, powered by the branched hybridization chain reaction (bHCR) and tetrahedral DNA-based trivalent aptamer (triApt-TDN), has been proposed for precise detection of cancer-derived exosomes.

Catalytic mechanism study of ATP-citrate lyase during citryl-CoA synthesis process.

ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) is a critical metabolic enzyme and promising target for drug development. The structure determinations of ACLY have revealed its homotetramer states with various subunit symmetries, but catalytic mechanism of ACLY tetramer and the importance of subunit symmetry have not been clarified. Here, we constructed the free energy landscape of ACLY tetramer with arbitrary subunit symmetries and investigated energetic and conformational coupling of subunits during citryl-CoA synthesis process.

Lignocellulose sustainable composites from agro-waste Asparagus bean stem fiber for polymer casting applications: Effect of fiber treatment.

In the past decades, lignocellulose fibers have attracted significant attention due to their low density, environmental friendliness, and biodegradability. Consequently, researchers are intensifying their efforts to explore the potential of lignocellulosic fibers as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fibers in polymer composites. Among various natural fibers identified as potential reinforcements, agro-waste from the Asparagus Bean stem (ABS) which has been discarded as landfill after harvest has emerged as a promising source of lignocellulose fibers for promoting sustainability.

Social satisficing: Multi-agent reinforcement learning with satisficing agents.

For a reinforcement learning agent to finish trial-and-error in a realistic time duration, it is necessary to limit the scope of exploration during the learning process. However, limiting the exploration scope means limitation in optimality: the agent could fall into a suboptimal solution. This is the nature of local, bottom-up way of learning.

Human corneal endothelial cell transplantation with nanocomposite gel sheet preserves corneal stability in post-corneal transplant bullous keratopathy: a 16-year follow-up.

Post-corneal transplantation endothelial decompensation and subsequent bullous keratopathy often result in unfavorable clinical outcomes regardless of the treatment strategy employed. In this report, we present the outcomes of a patient managed with in vitro expanded human corneal endothelial cell (HCEC) transplantation facilitated by a nanocomposite gel (NC gel) sheet over 16 years. A 40-year-old male patient who presented with signs of graft failure after penetrating keratoplasty underwent HCEC transplantation.

EEG Activity during Pursuit and Saccade Visual Strategies to Predict the Arrival Position of a Target.

Background: In this study, we used electroencephalogram (EEG) to investigate the activity pattern of the cerebral cortex related to visual pursuit and saccade strategies to predict the arrival position of a visual target. In addition, we clarified the differences in the EEG of those who could predict the arrival position well using the saccade strategy compared to those who were not proficient.

Methods: Sixteen participants performed two tasks: the "Pursuit Strategy Task (PST)" and the "Saccade Strategy Task (SST)" while undergoing EEG.

In vitro investigation of the mechanics of fixed red blood cells based on optical trap micromanipulation and image analysis.

Erythrocyte deformability correlates with various diseases. Single-cell measurements via optical tweezers (OTs) enable quantitative exploration but may encounter inaccuracies due to erythrocyte life cycle mixing. We present a three-step methodology to address these challenges.

Characterization of novel natural cellulose fiber from for lightweight structural composite application and its effect on chemical treatment.

This study investigates tree bark fibers (FMB) as a sustainable alternative reinforcement for polymer composites. The Industrial Revolution marked the evolution of polymer composites with synthetic material reinforcement, leading to environmental concerns. Natural fibers have recently gained prominence as efficient alternatives for polymer composites.

Effect of Metal Oxides (CeO, ZnO, TiO, and AlO) as the Support for Silver-Supported Catalysts on the Catalytic Oxidation of Diesel Particulate Matter.

This work presented the influence of metal oxides as the support for silver-supported catalysts on the catalytic oxidation of diesel particulate matter (DPM). The supports selected to be used in this work were CeO (reducible), ZnO (semiconductor), TiO (reducible and semiconductor), and AlO (acidic). The properties of the synthesized catalysts were investigated using XRD, TEM, H-TPR, and XPS techniques.

The barrier-protective effect of β-eudesmol against type 2-inflammatory cytokine-induced tight junction disassembly in airway epithelial cells.

Allergic inflammation, which is the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and asthma, is associated with disruption of the airway epithelial barrier due to the effects of type 2 inflammatory cytokines, i.e. interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 (IL-4/13).

Broadband unidirectional twin-element MIMO antenna scheme for mid-band 5G and WLAN laptops.

This research proposes a broadband unidirectional twin-element multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna scheme for mid-band 5G and WLAN applications. The twin-element antenna scheme comprises two single-element antennas, and each single-element antenna consists of a T-shaped hemispherical feeding patch, left- and right-arm radiating patches, and a conjoined triangular ground plane. The twin-element MIMO antenna scheme is integrated with a laptop model functioning as the reflector.

New approach for near-infrared wavelength selection using a combination of MIC and firefly evolution.

Full-length spectral data analysis has a big problem that the variables are highly in collinearity and correlation. Spectral wavelength selection is a continuing hot topic in quantitative or qualitative analysis. In this paper, we propose a new approach for near-infrared (NIR) wavelength selection.

Remarkable increase in the detection and molecular characterization of adenovirus F41 in children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan, 2017-2023.

Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the causative viruses of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide. Species F is known to be enteric adenovirus (genotypes 40 and 41) detected in stool samples. In Japan, we conducted an epidemiological study and molecular characterization of HAdV before and after the COVID-19 pandemic from 2017 to 2023.

Linker-dependent control of the chiroptical properties of polymethylene-vaulted -bis[(β-iminomethyl)naphthoxy]platinum(II) complexes.

The effects of polymethylene bridges on the chiroptical properties of -bis[(β-iminomethyl)naphthoxy]platinum(II) platforms were examined both experimentally and theoretically using newly designed planar chiral Pt analogues (1) having three-dimensional superstructures. A series of optically pure polymethylene-vaulted Pt complexes ()- and ()-1 were synthesized and characterized with regard to the chiroptical behaviour of the -bis[(β-iminomethyl)naphthoxy]platinum(II) platforms. These complexes were found to exhibit structure-dependent chiroptical characteristics in solution, such that the absolute values of specific rotation, the circular dichroism dissymmetry factor () and the circularly polarized luminescence dissymmetry factor () all increased upon shortening the polymethylene bridges.

Molecular Evolution of GII.P31/GII.4_Sydney_2012 Norovirus over a Decade in a Clinic in Japan.

Norovirus (NoV) genogroup II, polymerase type P31, capsid genotype 4, Sydney_2012 variant (GII.P31/GII.4_Sydney_2012) has been circulating at high levels for over a decade, raising the question of whether this strain is undergoing molecular alterations without demonstrating a substantial phylogenetic difference.