Impact of tree growth form on temporal and spatial patterns of particulate matter with various particle sizes in urban street canyons.

Context: Trees play a vital role in reducing street-level particulate matter (PM) pollution in metropolitan areas. However, the optimal tree growth type for maximizing the retention of various sizes of PM remains uncertain.

Objectives: This study assessed the PM reduction capabilities of evergreen and deciduous broadleaf street trees, focusing on how leaf phenology influences the dispersion of pollutants across particle sizes.

Abnormal transition from meiosis I to meiosis II induces male sterility in a seedless artificial hybrid of citrus.

Unlabelled: Male sterility is an important trait for breeding and for the seedless fruit production in citrus. We identified one seedling which exhibiting male sterility and seedlessness (named hereafter), from a cross between two fertile parents, with sour orange () as seed parent and Ponkan mandarin () as pollen parent. Analysis using pollen viability staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the mature pollen of the was aborted, displaying collapse and deformity.

Analysis of changes in flavor characteristics of congou black tea at different fermentation degrees under industrial production conditions using flavor compound weighted network co-expression method.

Fermentation is a key process in Congou black tea, but there is limited research on the changes in flavor factors and their interrelationships during different fermentation stages under industrial production. This study applies sensory evaluation and metabolomics techniques to explore the interactions between flavors. Sensory evaluation indicated that the 4-h fermented sample exhibited the best overall performance.

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal Changes in Aroma- and Taste-Related Substances During the Withering Process of Black Tea.

Withering is one of the major processing steps critical for the quality of black tea. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the physicochemical changes in metabolites and gene expression during the withering process of black tea using metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches, respectively. Based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry non-targeted metabolomic approaches (GC-MS) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), a total of 76 volatile compounds and 160 non-volatile compounds were identified from tea leaves, respectively.

The hexose transporters CsHT3 and CsHT16 regulate postphloem transport and fruit development in cucumber.

Hexoses are essential for plant growth and fruit development. However, the precise roles of hexose/H+ symporters in postphloem sugar transport and cellular sugar homeostasis in rapidly growing fruits remain elusive. To elucidate the functions of hexose/H+ symporters in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.

The transcription factor TGA2 orchestrates salicylic acid signal to regulate cold-induced proline accumulation in Citrus.

Plants subjected to cold stress have been observed to accumulate proline, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we identified a pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS)-encoding gene (CtrP5CS1) from trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata L.), a cold-hardy citrus species, as a critical gene for cold-induced proline accumulation.

Integration of DNA Methylation, MicroRNAome, Degradome, and Transcriptome Provides Insights into Petunia Anther Development.

Petunia hybrida is an annual herb flower that is prevalently cultivated both in public landscaping and home gardening. Anthers are vital reproductive organs for plants, but the molecular mechanism controlling petunia anther development remains elusive. In this work, we combined DNA methylation, microRNAome, degradome, and transcriptome data to generate a comprehensive resource focused on exploring the complex molecular mechanism of petunia anther development.

CsCPC, an R3-MYB transcription factor, acts as a negative regulator of citric acid accumulation in Citrus.

The citric acid accumulation during fruit ripening determines the quality of fleshy fruits. However, the molecular mechanism underlying citric acid accumulation is not clearly understood yet in citrus due to the scarcity of paired germplasm that exhibits significant difference in organic acid accumulation. Two citrus triploid hybrids with distinct citric acid content in their mature fruits were herein identified from a previously conducted interploidy cross in our group, providing an ideal paired material for studying acid accumulation in citrus.

Kiwifruit spatiotemporal multiomics networks uncover key tissue-specific regulatory processes throughout the life cycle.

Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis), a recently commercialized horticultural crop, is rich in various nutrient compounds. However, the regulatory networks controlling the dynamic changes in key metabolites among different tissues remain largely unknown. Here, high-resolution spatiotemporal datasets obtained by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methodology and RNA-seq were employed to investigate the dynamic changes in the metabolic and transcriptional landscape of major kiwifruit tissues across different developmental stages, including from fruit skin, outer pericarp, inner pericarp, and fruit core.

A novel transcription factor CsSNACA2 plays a pivotal role within nitrogen assimilation in tea plants.

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is a globally renowned economic crop, with organs such as leaves and buds utilized for consumption. As a perennial foliage crop, tea plants have high-nitrogen consumption and demand but exhibit relatively low nitrogen use efficiency. Exploring the genetic factors involved in nitrogen assimilation in tea plants could lead to improvements in both tea yield and quality.

Studying ER-membrane contact sites in plants using the optogenetic approach: Taking the LiMETER as an example.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) links to multiple organelles through membrane contact sites (MCS), which play critical roles in signal transduction, cell homeostasis and stress response. However, studying the behaviour and functions of MCS in plants is still challenging, partially due to the lack of site-specific markers. Here, we used an optogenetic reporter, LiMETER (Light-inducible Membrane-Tethered cortical ER), to study the structure and dynamics of ER-PM contact sites (EPCS) in plants.

Phyto-nutraceutical promise of Brassica vegetables in post-genomic era: a comprehensive review.

Brassica vegetables are one of the possible solutions to tackle the emerging human diseases and malnutrition due to their rich content of phyto-nutraceutaical compounds. The genomics enabled tools have facilitated the elucidation of molecular regulation, mapping of genes/QTLs governing nutraceutical compounds, and development of nutrient-rich Brassica vegetables. The enriched food products or foods as whole termed as functional foods are intended to provide health benefits.

New braconid species of the Euphorinae genus Syntretus Foerster and a first report of the Alysiinae genus Heratemis Walker from India.

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Full-length single-molecule sequencing uncovers novel insight into the global landscape of the cold stress response in trifoliate orange ().

Trifoliate orange ( (L.) Raf.) is a cold-hardy citrus species that contributes to citrus production by frequently serving as a rootstock.

GmHSP40.1, a nuclear-localized soybean J domain protein, participates in regulation of flowering time through interacting with EMF1 and JMJ14.

Heat shock protein 40s (HSP40s) are a group of J domain proteins (JDPs), which serve as co-chaperones for heat shock protein 70s. We previously reported that over-expression of a soybean class C JDP, GmHSP40.1, in Arabidopsis activated defense responses.

CBL1/CIPK23 phosphorylates tonoplast sugar transporter TST2 to enhance sugar accumulation in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis).

Fruit taste quality is greatly influenced by the content of soluble sugars, which are predominantly stored in the vacuolar lumen. However, the accumulation and regulation mechanisms of sugars in most fruits remain unclear. Recently, we established the citrus fruit vacuole proteome and discovered the major transporters localized in the vacuole membrane.

LsKN1 and LsOFP6 synergistically regulate the bolting time by modulating the gibberellin pathway in lettuce.

Bolting time is an important agronomic trait in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) production. Premature bolting significantly reduces crop quality and marketability. Here, we report map-based cloning and characterization of a LsKN1 gene that controls bolting in lettuce.

Polyamines: The valuable bio-stimulants and endogenous signaling molecules for plant development and stress response.

Polyamines (PAs) are nitrogenous and polycationic compounds containing more than two amine residues. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that cellular PA homeostasis plays a key role in various developmental and physiological processes. The PA balance, which may be affected by many environmental factors, is finely maintained by the pathways of PA biosynthesis and degradation (catabolism).

Molecular and functional adaption of Arabidopsis villins.

Villins are versatile, multifunctional actin regulatory proteins. They promote actin stabilization and remodeling mainly via their actin bundling and Ca-dependent severing activities, respectively. Arabidopsis subclass II and III villins normally coexist in cells, but the biological significance of their coexistence remains unknown.

Codon Usage Pattern and its Influencing Factors for Mitochondrial CO Genes Among Different Subfamilies of Cerambycidae.

This study examined nucleotide composition and codon usage of mitochondrial CO (cytochrome oxidase) genes from four subfamilies of Cerambycidae. Nucleotide composition analysis of the CO genes revealed an AT-rich pattern in the four subfamilies of Cerambycidae. Furthermore, by analyzing the correlation between the overall nucleotide composition of CO genes and the nucleotide composition of the 3rd codon, we found that mutation pressure and natural selection were the key factors affected the CUB.