The potential of AB-free kava in enabling tobacco cessation via management of abstinence-related stress and insomnia: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

Background: As the primary cause of various preventable illnesses, smoking results in approximately five million premature deaths each year in the US and a multitude of adults living with serious illness. The majority of smokers know the health risks associated with smoking and intend to quit. However, quitting is very difficult partly because of insomnia and stress associated with it.

Barriers and Facilitators of Physical Activity in Pregnancy and Postpartum Among Iranian Women: A Scoping Review.

Inactivity during pregnancy and postpartum is largely a result of women's attitudes and misunderstandings of physical activity, especially in Iran. This scoping review critically assesses the barriers and facilitators influencing physical activity among pregnant and postpartum Iranian women to provide the basis for future physical activity interventions. Ten databases and platforms were searched up to 1 June 2024: Medline, SportDISCUS, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Review Database, Clinical Trial, SID, ISC, and Web of Science.

A Scoping Review of Observational Research on Cannabis Use for Symptom Management in HIV and Cancer: Implications for Cannabis Nursing.

Background: People with HIV have a higher risk of developing non-AIDS-defining cancers in older age, leading to a significant population living with two conditions, HIV and cancer. There is an increasing interest in cannabis use for symptom management in people with chronic conditions; in 2023, the American Nurses Association officially recognised cannabis nursing as a specialty nursing practice focusing on the care of individuals seeking education/guidance in the therapeutic use of cannabis, supporting the urgency of its research. However, the scientific literature lacks a synthesised review in the focused populations.

Centralized Colorectal Cancer Screening Outreach in Federally Qualified Health Centers: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is effective but remains underused in federally qualified health centers (FQHCs).

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a centralized CRC screening outreach intervention involving mailed fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) outreach and patient navigation to colonoscopy after abnormal results of FIT.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A pragmatic randomized clinical trial was conducted, using intention-to-treat analysis.

Cultural stress and mental health among Venezuelan migrants: cross-national evidence from 2017 to 2024.

Background: Since 2015, ~ 8 million Venezuelans have fled what was once Latin America's most prosperous nation, with many relocating to nearby Colombia and others migrating to the United States (U.S.).

Reactions to a hypothetical reduced nicotine content cigarette policy among sexual- and gender-minoritized communities: a concept mapping study.

Background: People who identify as sexual- and/or gender-minoritized (SGM) individuals have high prevalence of cigarette smoking. This study used concept mapping to examine anticipated reactions to a hypothetical cigarette nicotine reduction policy among SGM individuals in the United States.

Methods: In 2022, SGM individuals who reported past-month cigarette smoking (mean age=33.

Internet Devices and Internet Access Among Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers, North Carolina, 2023.

Objectives: Migrant and seasonal farmworkers work in rural areas where internet access may be limited. We assessed internet access, cost of access, and devices available to farmworkers through a statewide survey in North Carolina.

Methods: During the 2023 agricultural season, we surveyed 1034 migrant and seasonal farmworkers during routine outreach visits in partnership with community health workers employed by 8 community health centers or by nonprofit health service agencies serving farmworkers in North Carolina.

RGS10 Attenuates Systemic Immune Dysregulation Induced by Chronic Inflammatory Stress.

Regulator of G-protein signaling 10 (RGS10), a key homeostatic regulator of immune cells, has been implicated in multiple diseases associated with aging and chronic inflammation including Parkinson's Disease (PD). Interestingly, subjects with idiopathic PD display reduced levels of RGS10 in subsets of peripheral immune cells. Additionally, individuals with PD have been shown to have increased activated peripheral immune cells in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) compared to age-matched healthy controls.

Characteristics of rehabilitation protocols following operative treatment of terrible triad elbow injuries and the influence of early motion: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: As no consensus exists on the optimal postoperative rehabilitation protocol in terrible triad injuries, we sought to characterize the reported protocols and relate them to postoperative range of motion (ROM) measures and Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS).

Methods: A systematic review was performed by searching PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases to identify articles on the operative treatment of terrible triad injuries reporting postoperative rehabilitation protocols were included. Included studies were descriptively summarized.

Spiny mice are primed but fail to regenerate volumetric skeletal muscle loss injuries.

Background: In recent years, the African spiny mouse Acomys cahirinus has been shown to regenerate a remarkable array of severe internal and external injuries in the absence of a fibrotic response, including the ability to regenerate full-thickness skin excisions, ear punches, severe kidney injuries, and complete transection of the spinal cord. While skeletal muscle is highly regenerative in adult mammals, Acomys displays superior muscle regeneration properties compared with standard laboratory mice following several injuries, including serial cardiotoxin injections of skeletal muscle and volumetric muscle loss (VML) of the panniculus carnosus muscle following full-thickness excision injuries. VML is an extreme muscle injury defined as the irrecoverable ablation of muscle mass, most commonly resulting from combat injuries or surgical debridement.

Sarcoidosis Mortality in North Carolina: Role of Region, Race, and Other Sociodemographic Variables.

Background: There is regional variability in sarcoidosis mortality across the United States. North Carolina ranks highly in sarcoidosis-related mortality, especially among African Americans (AA). We sought to determine any regional variability of sarcoidosis-related mortality and the relationship to sociodemographic determinants of health in North Carolina.

An Assessment of Mental Health Challenges of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: Collegiate mental health continues to be a worrisome public health concern among college students in the U.S. The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has caused an upward trend of mental health crises, especially among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBTQ+) college students.

Contraceptive Use and Its Associations With Social Determinants of Health Among Young Adults.

Background: Nonuse and inconsistent use of contraception in young adults can result in undesired pregnancies. Prior research on contraceptive use has primarily focused on individual influences such as attitudes, beliefs, and skills related to contraceptive use, with little consideration of the social and economic determinants.

Objective: This study explored domains from the Healthy People 2030 Social Determinants of Health (SDH) framework and examined their cross-sectional associations with young adults' self-reported contraceptive use (ie, any use in the past year and consistent use of contraception).

Wanting to be "accepted and heard": Perspectives about cessation messages from LGBTQ+ individuals who dual use cigarettes and e-cigarettes.

Introduction: Dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes is especially prevalent among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ+) adults in the US. This is concerning as health risks of dual use may be as high or higher than exclusive smoking. We sought to learn about people who dual use and identify as LGBTQ+'s perspectives about dual use, quitting, and cessation ads.

Perceptions of Cultural Adaptations and Other Characteristics of Weight Management Interventions among Hispanic/Latinx Immigrants.

Hispanic/Latinx immigrants have high obesity rates, yet they participate less in weight management interventions. This cross-sectional online study recruited Hispanic/ Latinx immigrants living in the United States (US). In a within-subject experimental crossover component, participants were presented with brief information about a hypothetical weight management intervention that was culturally adapted for Hispanics/ Latinx, or a standard intervention (not adapted) and asked about their willingness to enroll.

Exploratory analysis of blood alcohol concentration-related technology use and drinking outcomes among young adults.

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) technology use may reduce alcohol use and related negative consequences; however, little is known about its efficacy without prompting from researchers or pay-per-use. This exploratory analysis assessed relationships between mHealth technology use frequency and alcohol-use outcomes.

Methods: Young adults who drink heavily (N = 97, M = 23, 51% male, 64% non-Hispanic White, M = 21) had the option to use three mHealth technologies (breathalyzer device/app, blood alcohol content estimator app, drink counting via text message) while drinking for 2 weeks.

Examination of factors that impact mask or respirator purchase and usage during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Understanding the motivations and barriers populations face in respiratory protection during a pandemic is key to effective primary prevention. The goal of this study was to identify the impact of various motivational factors on individual choice of masks or respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey study included a sample of 619 participants between the ages of 18 to 75 years old and English speaking, who were asked about factors that affected their choice of masks or respirators between the months of April 2020 and May 2021.

Addressing Susceptibility to Non-Prescription Substances for Weight Loss Among Immigrant Hispanic College Students: A Pilot Study.

Non-prescription weight loss substances, such as supplements and herbal remedies, can be harmful. Hispanic immigrant students may be highly susceptible to these substances, especially those advertised on social media. This study was a feasibility/acceptability pilot trial of an intervention to reduce this susceptibility.

Something lost, something gained: The trade-offs of Puerto Rican Hurricane Maria migrants.

In the aftermath of Hurricane María's devastating impact on Puerto Rico in September 2017, a wave of migration to the continental United States followed. Despite Puerto Rico's territorial association with the United States, its distinct culture and language often render its migrants as cultural minorities who are often treated as foreigners. Prior research has indicated that natural disasters can have a profound effect on the family unit, so examining the experiences of displacement and resettlement of Puerto Rican parents can shed light on the challenges faced by these families.

An Enteric Bacterial Infection Triggers Neuroinflammation and Neurobehavioral Impairment in 3xTg-AD Transgenic Mice.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is infamous for hospital-acquired infections and sepsis, which have also been linked to Alzheimer disease (AD)-related neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative impairment. However, its causative and mechanistic role in AD pathology remains unstudied.

Methods: A preclinical model of K.