Mouth Rinsing and Ingesting Unpleasant Salty or Bitter Solutions After Heavy-Intensity Cycling Does Not Influence Sprint Performance or Knee-Extensor Force in Trained Cyclists.

Purpose: The present study investigated the effect of unpleasant salty or bitter tastes on cycling sprint performance and knee-extensor force characteristics in different fatigue states.

Methods: Following a familiarization session, 11 trained male cyclists completed 3 experimental trials (salty, bitter, and water) in a randomized crossover order. In each trial, participants cycled at 85% of the respiratory compensation point for 45 minutes and then, after a 5-minute rest, completed a 1-minute sprint.

"I Need the Shade": Experiences and Perceptions of Elementary School Children During Recess in Hot Weather.

Background: Few studies have investigated how heat impacts play from the perspective of children. The purpose of this study was to explore children's experiences of recess play during high temperatures.

Methods: We used the draw-and-tell method to retrospectively explore the experiences of recess during hot weather among students (N = 38) between the ages of 5-12 attending four elementary schools in one school district in Arizona (United States).

Health impacts of asphalt emissions: Examining neurological risks and the need for long-term exposure mitigation.

Asphalt, widely used in infrastructure, emits complex chemical mixtures throughout its service life, posing significant risks to human health and the environment. This expanded understanding extends the concern from a construction-related hazard to a broader public health issue, especially affecting vulnerable populations like children who play on blacktop surfaces. Despite increased awareness, the specific mechanisms behind asphalt emissions, their impact on asphalt deterioration, and their effects on the human nervous system remain poorly understood.

Diagnostic accuracy of phosphorylated tau217 in detecting Alzheimer's disease pathology among cognitively impaired and unimpaired: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Our review summarizes the diagnostic accuracy of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217) in detecting amyloid and tau pathology on positron emission tomography (PET). We systematically reviewed studies that reported the diagnostic accuracy of plasma and CSF p-tau217, searching MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science through August 2024. The accuracy of p-tau217 in predicting amyloid and tau pathology on PET was evaluated in 30 studies.

Expanded tumor-associated polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia display immune suppressive activity.

The role of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment in regulating the antitumor immune response in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) remains poorly understood. Here we transcriptionally and phenotypically profiled non-malignant (CD19 CD138) BM cells from WM patients with a focus on myeloid derived suppressive cells (MDSCs) to provide a deeper understanding of their role in WM. We found that HLA-DRCD11bCD33 MDSCs were significantly increased in WM patients as compared to normal controls, with an expansion of predominantly polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSCs.

Association between cardiovascular health and perceived quality of life in ethnically diverse adults: insights from the Community of Mine study using the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7.

Purpose: The association between cardiovascular health (CVH) with perceived quality of life (PQoL) and variations by sex and Hispanic ethnicity is not well understood.

Methods: This study included 583 participants (42% Hispanic, 56% female, mean age 59 years). Linear regression modeled the covariate-adjusted associations between CVH, using the combined 7 components of Life's Simple 7 (LS7; ideal and intermediate, compared to poor), and PQoL (total and physical, social, and cognitive health domains).

Management of Persistent Hypernasality After Pharyngeal Flap by Revision Palatoplasty With Use of MRI to Aid Surgical Decision Making.

Objective: Describe surgical decision making and outcomes in a series of patients with persistent VPI after pharyngeal flap placement that were all treated with revision palatoplasty.

Design: Retrospective, case series.

Participants: Five patients with nonsyndromic cleft palate and persistent hypernasality following a pharyngeal flap.

Development and initial validation of the implicit internalized sexual orientation stigma affect misattribution procedure.

Introduction: This article describes the development and initial validation of a measure of implicit internalized stigma among queer people, the Implicit Internalized Sexual Orientation Stigma Affect Misattribution Procedure (Internal-SOS-AMP), a computer-administered sequential priming procedure.

Methods: The creation of the Internal-SOS-AMP involved a mixed-methods approach, including a literature review, expert interviews, stimuli selection and pilot testing, data collection from a large sample, reliability testing, correlational analyses, and confirmatory factor analysis. Psychometric testing was conducted with a national sample of 500 queer adults who completed two waves of data collection.

A 2-year calorie restriction intervention reduces glycomic biological age biomarkers.

Background/objective: In a subset of participants from the CALERIE Phase 2 study we evaluated the effects of 2y of ~25% Calorie Restriction (CR) diet on IgG N-glycosylation (GlycAge), plasma and complement C3 N-glycome as markers of aging and inflammaging.

Methods: Plasma samples from 26 participants in the CR group who completed the CALERIE2 trial and were deemed adherent to the intervention (~>10 % CR at 12 mo) were obtained from the NIA AgingResearchBiobank. Glycomic investigations using UPLC or LC-MS analyses were conducted on samples from baseline (BL), mid-intervention (12 mo) and post-intervention (24 mo), and changes resulting from the 2y CR intervention were examined.

Bread Consumption and Cancer Risk: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

Because bread can contain potential carcinogens such as acrylamide, and is widely consumed, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether bread consumption is associated with increased cancer risk. PubMed and Medline databases were searched up to 1 March 2024, for studies that provided hazard ratios (HRs) (or similar) for bread consumption and cancer incidence or mortality. Only prospective cohort studies were included.

Evaluation of a Digital Home Weight Monitoring Program for Infants With Cleft Palate.

Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of a digital home monitoring program for infants with cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP ± L), compared to monitoring through in-person clinic visits.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: One metropolitan pediatric hospital.

Exploring the ethics of using fictional stories for health education on social media to share information and emotions about the HPV vaccine: A cross-sectional study with interdisciplinary health experts.

Unlabelled: Social media is used to promote the HPV vaccine through various strategies, including the use of stories and narratives. Understanding the ethical concerns related to the use of social media in this capacity are important. The purpose of this study is to identify ethical concerns of using fictional stories to share information and emotions about the HPV vaccine on social media, ultimately to influence parents on their decision to vaccinate their child.

Seasonal Trends and Emergency Admissions for Obstetric Hemorrhage and Trauma among Pregnant Women in Iran.

Objective: Globally, obstetric hemorrhage and trauma are the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality during pregnancy. Delivering high-quality medical care to these patients is therefore imperative.This study aims to examine the relationship between month of referral and the severity of emergency admissions among pregnant women referred for obstetric hemorrhage and trauma.

Naloxone administration and survival in overdoses involving opioids and stimulants: An analysis of law enforcement data from 63 Pennsylvania counties.

Background: In consideration of rising opioid-stimulant deaths in the United States, this study explored rates of naloxone administration and survival in suspected opioid overdoses with, versus without, stimulants co-involved.

Methods: The study analyzed 26,635 suspected opioid-involved overdoses recorded by law enforcement/first-responders in the Pennsylvania Overdose Information Network in 63 Pennsylvania counties, January 2018-July 2024. All measures, including suspected drug involvement, were based on first-responder assessment/report.

Associations of perceived neighbourhood and home environments with sedentary behaviour among adolescents in 14 countries: the IPEN adolescent cross sectional observational study.

Background: Understanding environmental correlates of sedentary behaviour (SB) among young people is important as such data can identify approaches to limit sedentary time. This paper estimates associations of parent-reported neighbourhood and adolescent-reported home environments with SB among adolescents aged 11-19 years from 14 countries.

Methods: In the International Physical activity and the Environment Network (IPEN) Adolescent Study (an observational, cross-sectional multi-country study), adolescents wore a triaxial accelerometer for seven days that assessed sedentary time (ST).