Review on Recent Advance of 3DP-Based Pediatric Drug Formulations.

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) has emerged as a game-changing technology in the pharmaceutical industry, providing novel formulation development in the pharmaceutical sector as a whole, which improved patients' individualized therapy. The pediatric population is among the key targets for individualized therapy. Children are a diverse group that includes neonates, infants, and toddlers, each with unique physiological characteristics.

Abdominal cocoon syndrome, a rare and interesting cause of intestinal obstruction: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: Abdominal cocoon syndrome is a rare cause of bowel obstruction, with variable presentation. It needs a high index of suspicion for diagnosis. Surgical management with the release of adhesions is the preferred option for a healthy bowel.

Prevalence of traditional eye medicine and self-treatment in Gurage Zone, Rural Ethiopia.

Introduction: Traditional medicines are commonly used worldwide, especially in Africa-however, there is limited information on the prevalence and types of traditional eye medicine utilization in Ethiopia. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence, the type and nature of traditional eye medicine use and practices related to self-medication for ophthalmic diseases in a rural Ethiopian population.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in six randomly selected primary health centers in rural Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia.

isolates from vegetable farms in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Antimicrobial susceptibility profile and associated resistance genetic markers.

The use of animal manure to fertilize soil is an emerging concern contributing to the transfer of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens to vegetables. Hence, assessing antimicrobial susceptibility profile of in vegetable farms is essential to design appropriate interventions against antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the food chain. This study assessed antimicrobial resistance profile and associated genetic markers among isolated from vegetable farms fertilized with animal manure in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Free intraperitoneal air in infected pancreatic necrosis with intraperitoneal rupture: A rare presentation of a complex diseases.

Key Clinical Message: Among the multitude of causes for acute abdomen patients presenting with free intraperitoneal air, one almost never finds infected pancreatic necrosis as one of the culprits. In patients with risk factors for acute pancreatitis presenting with generalized peritonitis with free intraperitoneal air, consideration should be given to this often deadly entity.

Abstract: Acute pancreatitis is a morbid acute abdominal pathology that has been increasing in incidence in recent years.

Diagnostic accuracy of barium enema versus full-thickness rectal biopsy in children with clinically suspected Hirschsprung's disease: A comparative cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Hirschsprung's disease (HSD) remains a common cause of pediatric intestinal obstruction. Barium contrast enema (BE) is the primary imaging modality for the evaluation of clinically suspected cases. Here, we aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of BE in children with clinically suspected HSD when compared to a gold standard full-thickness rectal biopsy (FTRB).

Complex Case of Tuberculosis Lymphadenitis with Concurrent Takayasu Arteritis in a 14-Year-Old Girl from Ethiopia.

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a large vessel arteritis that predominantly affects the aorta and its major branches. Its association with tuberculosis (TB) has been described in the literature. This association poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, especially in TB-endemic areas.

Pulmonary thromboembolism as a rare complication of malaria: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: Low threshold is required to suspect complications of malaria. Pulmonary thromboembolism, though rare, should be considered as its complication in the presence of unexplained and sudden onset shortness of breath.

Abstract: The hypercoagulable complications of malaria typically manifest in the microvasculature.

Polyserositis caused by tuberculosis in a young female patient with hypothyroidism: A diagnostic challenge.

Key Clinical Messages: The diagnosis of polyserositis due to tuberculosis (TB) is complex and challenging, which may cause delays in treatment. TB should be ruled out first before attributing polyserositis to any other cause like hypothyroidism, particularly in high TB burden countries.

Abstract: Polyserositis has numerous causes and frequently occurs in neoplasia, autoimmune disorders, endocrine conditions like hypothyroidism, and infectious diseases like tuberculosis (TB).

Large cameral coronary artery fistula in a 5 months old infant with unusual presentation and fatal outcome: -case report.

Background: Congenital coronary fistulas (CAFs) are uncommon abnormalities communicating the coronary arteries with the cardiac chambers or portion of the systemic or pulmonary circulation. Over 90% of the cases drain into the right side of the heart with only 3% terminating in the left ventricle. Infants with a large CAFs may develop congestive heart failure.

Giant pulmonary artery aneurysm in a child: Rare complication of congenital heart disease.

Key Clinical Message: This case report aims to increase awareness that pulmonary artery aneurysms may occur as a complication of neglected patent ductus arteriosus and should be sought in children with ill-treated congenital heart diseases.

Abstract: Pulmonary artery aneurysm is a rare anomaly with an autopsy prevalence of 1:14,000. These aneurysms can arise secondary to various etiologies, with congenital causes identified in 25% of cases and congenital heart diseases (CHD) responsible for more than half of these cases.

Spoligotype analysis of isolates from cattle and assessment of zoonotic TB transmission among individuals working in bovine TB-infected dairy farms in Ethiopia.

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease with impact on dairy productivity, as well as having the potential for zoonotic transmission. Understanding the genetic diversity of the disease agent is important for identifying its routes of transmission. Here we investigated the level of genetic diversity of isolates and assessed the zoonotic potential in risk groups of people working in bTB-infected dairy farms in central Ethiopia.

Global seroprevalence of infection among patients with mental and neurological disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: Toxoplasmosis is the most widespread zoonotic disease that affects one-third of the world's population, and imposes a major public health problem worldwide. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among patients with neuropsychiatric patients.

Methods: Electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Research Gate, and Scopus were thoroughly searched from February to March 2022 to identify all relevant studies.

Preliminary Review of Spine Tumor Radiologic, Intra-Operative and Histopathology Findings, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Spinal tumors constitute 10-32% of all primary central nervous system tumors. Accurate radiologic and histopathology diagnosis is crucial in the management and prognosis. The aim of the study was to describe the imaging patterns and to determine the agreement of imaging pattern of spinal tumors with intra-operative and histopathology findings.

Retroperitoneal necrotizing soft tissue infections: A case report and literature review.

Necrotizing soft tissue infections of the retroperitoneal is a rare disease identity. Here we present a 50-year-old male patient who underwent surgical exploration for retroperitoneal necrotizing soft tissue infection. Postoperatively, he was put on broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Delayed distal pancreatectomy for isolated complete pancreatic disruption secondary to "trivial" blunt abdominal injury: A case report and literature review.

Pancreatic injury is a formidable diagnostic and therapeutic challenge owing to its relative rarity. Most injuries are from motor vehicle related injuries in blunt trauma patients. We present a 22-year-old male patient presented after sustaining a kick to the abdomen.

Evaluation of serum lipid profiles, uric acid, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels between pregnancy-induced hypertension and normotensive pregnant women attending Ambo University Referral Hospital, Ambo, Ethiopia, 2020: A case-control study.

Background And Aims: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is one of the top three ranked diseases during pregnancy that cause maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. To provide adequate information to clinicians and researchers who are striving for potential interventions, biochemical profiling of such patients is required.

Methods: A hospital-based case-control study design was conducted from August 2020 to May 2021 to evaluate serum lipid profile, uric acid, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) among women with pregnancy-induced hypertension compared to normotensive pregnant women.

High Magnitude of Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.

Background: Gastrointestinal colonization rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL-PE) is the major risk factor for infection and dissemination of resistance clones in healthcare facilities. This study aimed to investigate the magnitude of the fecal carriage of ESBL-PE and associated factors among hospitalized patients at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North Shoa, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 383 hospitalized patients from November 2020 to March 2021.

Outcomes of microsurgical free tissue transfer performed on international surgical collaborations in low-income and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Microsurgical free tissue transfer is the gold standard for reconstruction of significant soft tissue and bony defects following cancer resection and trauma. Many reconstructive units in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) do not yet have access to the resources or training required to perform microsurgical procedures. Long-term international collaborations have been formed with annual reconstructive programmes conducting microsurgery.