Time to first antenatal care visit and its predictors among women in Kenya: Weibull gamma shared frailty model (based on the recent 2022 KDHS data).

Background: The first trimester of pregnancy is critical for fetal development, making early antenatal care visits essential for timely check-ups and managing potential complications. However, delayed antenatal care initiation remains a public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, including Kenya. Therefore, this study aimed to assess and provide up-to-date information on time to first antenatal care visit and its predictors among women in Kenya, using data from the most recent 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS).

Incidence of diabetic retinopathy and predictors among adult patients with diabetes in central and southern Ethiopia: a multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and predictors among adult patients with diabetes in central and southern Ethiopia.

Design: A hospital-based retrospective cohort study was conducted.

Setting: The study was conducted in selected public hospitals in central and southern Ethiopia.

Dietary diversity and its associated factors among school children in conflict affected communities of southern Ethiopia.

Background: Globally, more than 815 million estimated people worldwide suffer from malnutrition or are unable to access enough food due to malnutrition. Conflict remains the single most fundamental factor contributing to chronic malnutrition in the conflict-affected areas. Developing a healthy and balanced dietary pattern is essential for school children because their habits in this period may last longer.

Inadequate consumption of vitamin A-rich foods among preschool children in Wolaita Sodo, Southern Ethiopia.

Background: The primary cause of vitamin A deficiency in developing countries like Ethiopia is the inadequate consumption of vitamin A-rich foods. Preschool children are particularly vulnerable due to their higher nutritional requirements and increased susceptibility to infections. This study aims to assess the prevalence of inadequate consumption of vitamin A-rich foods and identify the associated factors among preschool children in Wolaita Sodo, Southern Ethiopia.

Behavioral and biomedical factors associated with lifestyle modification practices among diagnosed hypertensive patients in pastoral health facilities of southern Ethiopia.

Background: More than 23 million deaths and 36.5% of disability-adjusted life-years are the result of the direct effects of unhealthy behavior alone. Daily behaviors have strong implications for health outcomes and quality of life.

Prevalence and associated factors of depression and anxiety among Sudanese refugees at Bambasi Camp in northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Refugees encounter a variety of traumatic events throughout their migratory process and in the camp, which increase their risk of developing mental illnesses. Even though depression and anxiety are the most frequent after a stressful life event, there is limited information on Sudanese refugees. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depressive and anxiety symptoms at the Bambasi Camp in northwestern Ethiopia.

Exploring experiences and perspectives of patients on hypertension management in Southern Ethiopia: a phenomenological study.

Background: Hypertension is a significant public health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where its management is often inadequate. Understanding patients' experiences and perspectives is crucial for improving hypertension care. Despite a growing body of literature on hypertension in Ethiopia, most studies focus on quantitative data, leaving a significant gap in qualitative insights into patient experiences and perspectives.

Burden and determinants of scabies in Ethiopian school age children: A systematic review and meta-analysis with public health implications.

Background: Scabies is a major global health problem, affecting an estimated 200 million people worldwide and causing more than 455 million new cases annually. It is one of the most prevalent dermatological conditions in developing countries and vulnerable populations, such as school-age children. In Ethiopia, findings regarding the prevalence and associated factors of scabies among school age children have been irregular and inconsistent.

Individual and contextual factors associated with abortion among reproductive age women in sub-Saharan Africa: Insights from 24 recent demographic and health surveys.

Introduction: Despite the Sustainable Development Goal to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030, abortion remains one of the top five causes of maternal mortality in low and middle-income countries. However, there is a lack of comprehensive data on the pooled prevalence and determinants of abortion in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Therefore, this study aims to investigate the pooled prevalence and determinants of abortion among women of reproductive age in 24 SSA countries using the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys.

Pulmonary tuberculosis related diffuse cystic lung disease with recurrent pneumothorax mimicking pulmonary lymphangioleomyomatosis in Ethiopia: A review and case report.

Millions of individuals worldwide are afflicted by the fatal infectious disease tuberculosis, which accounts for thousands of avoidable deaths. The literature has provided a good description of the clinical manifestation and radiologic features of pulmonary tuberculosis. However, the parenchymal complication of pulmonary tuberculosis presenting as cystic lung disease, has not been widely documented in the literature and is one of the incredibly uncommon causes of diffuse cystic lung disease.

Risky sexual practice and associated factors among antiretroviral therapy attendees in public health facilities, Wolaita Zone, South Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional study.

Background: The majority of people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Increased risky sexual practice puts people living with the human immune virus at higher risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections other than the human immune virus and unplanned pregnancies. Sexually transmitted infections, particularly viral hepatitis (B and C), significantly impair antiretroviral therapy and the clinical outcome of the co-infected individual, leading to increased morbidity and mortality.

Clean delivery kit use in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The use of Clean Delivery Kits (CDKs) promotes healthy birth outcome. Nevertheless, representative data are lacking for low- and middle-income countries. Thus, study aimed at determining the overall estimate of clean delivery kit use among low and middle income countries.

Determinants of HIV infection at 18 months of age among HIV-exposed infants in the context of PMTCT interventions in southern Ethiopia.

Introduction: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV accounts for over 90% of annual HIV infections among children under the age of 15. Despite the introduction of the Option B+ strategy in Ethiopia in 2013, the rate of MTCT of HIV at 18 months was 15% in 2020. This study aimed to identify determinants of HIV infection among HIV-exposed infants (HEIs) in the context of prevention of MTCT (PMTCT) care in southern Ethiopia.

Academic performance and associated factors among female university students.

Background: Education serves as a vital instrument for empowering citizens to engage fully in the development process. However, various factors can impact the quality and competency of female students in higher education. In Ethiopian institutions, the proportion of female students is significantly lower than that of their male counterparts, highlighting the unique challenges faced by females that can hinder their academic success.

Burden of active tuberculosis among patients with diabetes mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The simultaneous occurrence of diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis presents a significant health challenge, complicating diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. Despite this, tuberculosis screening is not routinely conducted for diabetes patients, and limited information exists regarding tuberculosis prevalence among diabetics in Africa. Thus, this study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of tuberculosis among diabetes mellitus patients in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Perinatal depression and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Perinatal depression is a significant public health issue affecting one in four women globally. It occurs at a critical time of a woman's life; affecting her relationships with family, and child's emotional, behavioral, and cognitive development. Considering the burden of the problem to the whole family, this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of perinatal depression and its determinants in Ethiopia to provide up-to-date evidence at a national level.

Spatial patterns and predictors of missing key contents of care during prenatal visits in Ethiopia: Spatial and multilevel analyses.

Background: Quality Antenatal Care (ANC) is considered if pregnant women have access to essential services that align with the best evidence-based practice. Although several studies have been conducted on ANC uptake in Ethiopia, they have focused on the timing and number of visits and the level of complete uptake of care contents according to the WHO recommendation remains scarce. Hence, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of missing care content during ANC visits, its spatial variations, and individual- and community-level determinants in Ethiopia.

Factors associated with hygiene practices among primary school children in southern Ethiopia.

Background: Eight years into the Sustainable Development Goal period, Ethiopia is not on track to achieve good hygiene practices among school children. Ensuring good hygiene practices among primary school children to prevent the spread of communicable diseases remains a challenge in most primary schools in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify factors associated with hygiene practices among primary school children in southern Ethiopia.

Effect of malnutrition at admission on length of hospital stay among adult surgical patients in Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, South Ethiopia: prospective cohort study.

Background: Malnutrition in hospitalized patients remains a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Even though malnourished patients are more prone to stay longer in hospital, there is limited data regarding the magnitude of malnutrition and its effect on length of stay among surgical in patients in Ethiopia while nutritional assessment is also often a neglected component of the health service practice.

Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of malnutrition at admission and its effect on the length of hospital stay among adult surgical patients in Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, South Ethiopia, 2022.