Management and treatment of HIV: are primary care clinicians prepared for their new role?

Background: Current literature suggests the number of HIV clinicians in the United States is diminishing. There are 294,834 primary care providers (PCP) in the United States, and, of these, 3101 provide care to HIV-positive patients. More PCPs to treat and manage HIV patients may be the solution to alleviate the HIV provider shortage.

Factors Influencing User Satisfaction with Information Systems: A Systematic Review.

User satisfaction has been considered as the measure of information system effectiveness success. User satisfaction is difficult to define but is considered an evaluation construct. Globally health organizations, particularly hospitals, invest a huge amount of money on information system projects.

Pharmacovigilance Assessment of Cardiac Implications of Nicotine Replacement Therapy Among Smokers.

Purpose: The purpose of this quantitative comparative study was to examine the possible relationship between nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and cardiac disorder risk by comparing the rates of cardiac disorder risk of NRT with cardiac disorder risk of non-replacement drugs among smokers seeking smoking cessation.

Methods: The study used retrospective quantitative design, which involved the collection of secondary data from the adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database of the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Effects of a community-based exercise program on mobility, balance, cognition, sleep, activities of daily living, and quality of life in PD: a pilot study.

The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of a community-based exercise program for adults with Parkinson's disease (PD). This one-group pretest and post-test design involved 22 participants with PD who participated in two to three exercise sessions per week for 8 weeks. Outcomes assessed for statistical significance included balance, mobility, cognition, activities of daily living, sleep and quality of life.

Psychological Stress and Cellular Aging in Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Epidemiological evidence continues to accumulate on the effect of psychosocial and behavioral factors in relation to cancer risk, progression, and mortality.

Material And Methods: This article presents the current evidence on the relationship between psychological stress and the risk of cancer and cellular aging process. Ten databases were searched to identify publications up to September 2019.

Food Labeling Use by Consumers in Arab countries: A Scoping Review.

Non-communicable diseases (NCD) related to inadequate nutrition are prevalent in economically transitioning countries such as the Arab region. The westernized diet is recognized as a leading trend and the UN General Assembly is focused on the prevention and control of NCD. Due to the rapid transitions in diet and physical inactivity occurring in the Arab region, revising public health dietary strategies, guidelines, and policies to reduce the burden of NCD is needed.

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and the associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Northern Peru: a cross-sectional study.

Background: There are approximately 72,000 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) in Peru. Non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the most important factor for therapeutic failure and the development of resistance. Peru has achieved moderate progress in meeting the 90-90-90 targets, but only 60% of PLHIV receiving ART are virally suppressed.

Succession Planning and Perceived Barriers to Achieving Career Optimization Among Health Care Administrators.

Achieving career optimization is especially important for health care administrators working in United States (US) hospitals. Succession planning is a critical and essential process for nurturing future leaders. Succession planning occurs when there is an immediate change in leadership such as when a leader voluntarily or involuntarily vacates a position resulting in substantial loss of organizational knowledge and experience.

Examining factors affecting parental satisfaction with speech therapy in children with Phelan-McDermid Syndrome.

This paper explores the relationship between speech therapy intensity and parent satisfaction with speech therapy (ST) in children with Phelan-McDermid Syndrome (P-MS), a rare genetic disorder. ST intensity  ×  ×  and parent satisfaction (modified PSQ-18) with ST were measured by online questionnaire. Non-parametric correlation, partial correlation, and linear regression calculations were performed.

Food-based dietary guidelines of Arabic-speaking countries: a culturally congruent profile.

Objective: Dietary guidelines for food groups, types and portion sizes are common practice at the national level. As the relationship between nutrition and disease and the influence of cultural identity on individual behaviour become clearer, dietary guidelines necessarily evolve. Today, the Arabic-speaking region is experiencing a dual burden of undernutrition and increasing rates of overweight and obesity.

Patient Attitudes Toward Telemedicine-Delivered Cardiac Rehabilitation.

Background: Telemedicine-delivered cardiac rehabilitation (telemedicine-CR) provides an alternative pathway for patients who are unable to participate in conventional CR. Little is known regarding the relationships among potential participants' perceptions of barriers to CR participation, interest in telemedicine-CR, and self-efficacy beliefs toward the use of telemedicine. The purpose of this study was to identify if associations exist between these variables.

Job Satisfaction Among Physician Assistants Practicing Cardiovascular Medicine in the United States.

We assessed overall job satisfaction and factors of job satisfaction among physician assistants (PAs) practicing cardiovascular medicine in the United States. Job satisfaction among health care providers is associated with provider satisfaction and retention, reduced health care costs, increased patient satisfaction, and improved health care. Research regarding job satisfaction among physicians and nurse practitioners has been conducted, but knowledge of job satisfaction among PAs is limited, dated, and inadequate.

Barriers to Human Sexuality Education Survey Research Among Vermont Public School Administrators.

Background: Health educators in public high schools can provide educational interventions to reduce teen unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Characteristics of teachers and schools influence their decision to provide condom education. Studies to determine characteristics must be conducted so HIV/sex education can be improved.

Evaluation of a drug and alcohol safety education program in aviation using interrupted time series and the Kirkpatrick framework.

Compliance with drug and alcohol regulations are required by 14 CFR Part 120/ and 49 CFR Part 40. These regulations affect approximately 7200 aviation-related companies and their associated services. Consequences for noncompliance can include loss of revenue from imposition of civil penalties, suspension, or revocation of the company's certificate to conduct business.

Association of food insecurity with early childhood caries.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the association of food insecurity on the prevalence of dental caries in preschool children.

Methods: Eighty-two children, aged 12-71 months old, from the Marquette University School of Dentistry Community South Clinic and their caregivers participated in this cross-sectional study. Following informed consent, parents completed the validated six-item US Department of Agriculture food insecurity questionnaire and questions regarding demographic information and family structure.

Revisiting Desmond Doss (1919-2006): Merging Combat Medicine and Benevolence on the Battlefield.

Conscientious objectors are typically defined only by their unwillingness to serve in the armed forces. Desmond Doss participated in World War II as a combat medic and a conscientious objector by providing emergency medicine on active battlefields while refusing to handle a weapon or harm another human being. Born and raised with humility, Doss developed spiritually as a Seventh Day Adventist.

Challenges and perspectives of child labor.

Child labor is one of the oldest problems in our society and still an ongoing issue. During the time, child labor evolved from working in agriculture or small handicraft workshops to being forced into work in factories in the urban setting as a result of the industrial revolution. Children were very profitable assets since their pay was very low, were less likely to strike, and were easy to be manipulated.

Fruits and vegetables embedded in classic video games: a health-promoting potential?

The proliferation of the video game era has increased sedentary behaviours among children and adolescents. Contemporary interventions involve the use of video games to introduce fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption among children and adolescents. A comprehensive list of licenced video games (n = 671) released for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) console were reviewed for thematic content and qualitative characteristics of the game's activity relevant to F&V.

Interdisciplinary Community-Based Oral Health Program for Women and Children at WIC.

Objectives To evaluate the women, infants, and children (WIC) Oral Health Program in a county in Florida. Methods The non-traditional interdisciplinary program of the current study was designed to reach at-risk populations with untreated dental diseases and limited access to care; it provides oral health education, dental screenings, preventive dental services, and referrals for women, children, and families at WIC offices. We evaluated the health status of patients enrolled in the program and the services provided.

Face-to-face versus online training for the interpretation of findings in the fiberoptic endoscopic exam of the swallow procedure.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of an online, interdisciplinary, interactive course designed to increase the ability to accurately interpret the fiberoptic endoscopic exam of the swallow (FEES) procedure to traditional, face-to-face (F2F) lectures for both graduate medical education (GME) and graduate speech language pathology (GSLP) programs.

Design: This was a prospective, quantitative, nonrandomized study. Participants were medical residents in physical medicine and rehabilitation from two affiliated programs and graduate students in speech language pathology from two instructional cohorts at a single institution.

The Effects of Isoflavone Supplementation Plus Combined Exercise on Lipid Levels, and Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Postmenopausal Women.

This study tested the effect of isoflavone supplementation in addition to combined exercise training on plasma lipid levels, inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in postmenopausal women. Thirty-two healthy and non-obese postmenopausal women without hormone therapy were randomly assigned to exercise + placebo (PLA; = 15) or exercise + isoflavone supplementation (ISO; = 17) groups. They performed 30 sessions of combined exercises (aerobic plus resistance) over ten weeks and consumed 100 mg of isoflavone supplementation or placebo.

Randomized trial of oral versus intravenous acetaminophen for postoperative pain control.

Purpose: Results of a study comparing pain control outcomes with preoperative oral versus intraoperative i.v. acetaminophen use in adults undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty are reported.

Effect of a Matter of Balance programme on avoidance behaviour due to fear of falling in older adults.

Background: Fear of falling (FOF) is associated with restricted activities, increased risk of falling, and decreased quality of life. A Matter of Balance (AMOB) is an evidence-based programme designed to decrease FOF. The current study investigated the influence of the AMOB on activity avoidance caused by FOF in older adults using the Fear of Falling Avoidance Behavior Questionnaire (FFABQ), health-related quality of life, and a question regarding concerns about falling.

Peer-Reviewed Veterinary Journals From Arabic-Speaking Countries: A Systematic Review.

Background: The prevalence of diseases of foodborne and zoonotic origin in Arabic-speaking countries highlights the importance of collaboration between human and animal health professionals. However, accessibility of research and evidence-based practices in these countries is not well characterized. This brief report determines the availability of professional veterinary journals within the Arabic-speaking region.

Ancel Benjamin Keys (1904-2004): His early works and the legacy of the modern Mediterranean diet.

Culturally congruent dietary patterns have evolved with geographic and societal traditions and can be traced as far back as pre-Hellenistic Greece. Today, the modern Mediterranean diet (MDiet) is recognized internationally as an anti-obesogenic cardioprotective dietary model consisting of plant-based foods native to the Mediterranean basin, fish, olive oil, and an active lifestyle. With the assumption that obesity and heart disease rates adversely affected life expectancy, the MDiet was identified by Dr Ancel Keys as a primary characteristic among people-groups largely immune to these trends.