A comparative review of nutrition education intervention duration and impact on reduction of prediabetes or Type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults aged 45 years or older.

Prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly prevalent and both conditions have a variety of comorbidities. There are many programs aimed at the reduction or prevention of prediabetes and/or T2DM. However, only a few studies have evaluated the effect of intervention duration and evidence-based frameworks on specific populations at risk for prediabetes or T2DM.

Association between Nutrition Behavior and Colorectal Cancer Diet Recommendation.

The incidence of colorectal cancer has considerably increased worldwide, particularly among adults aged 50 and older. Despite numerous nutrition initiatives, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a public health burden that affects younger adults in the United States. Understanding the potential factors contributing to non-adherence to nutrition recommendations can be helpful to develop effective nutrition initiatives to prevent CRC.

Women Caring for Husbands Living with Parkinson's Disease: A Phenomenological Study Protocol.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an emerging pandemic caused by aging, longevity, and industrialization. Most people diagnosed with PD initially experience mild symptoms, but over time the symptoms become debilitating. Given their intensive care requirement, most married people living with PD receive care from their spouses; most are female caregivers.

Reproductive decision-making of Black women living with HIV: A systematic review.

Background: Black women living with HIV account for a higher proportion of new HIV diagnoses than other groups. These women experience restricted access to reproductive services and inadequate support from healthcare providers because their position in society is based on their sexual health and social identity in the context of this stigmatizing chronic disease. By recognizing the analytical relevance of intersectionality, the reproductive decision-making of Black women can be explored as a social phenomenon of society with varied positionality.

Attitudes of Dental Hygiene and Nursing Students Following a Simulation Activity.

Interprofessional education (IPE) activities assist health care professionals outside of dentistry learn about the importance of oral care and its connection to overall health, while also encouraging the integration of dental hygienists into primary health care teams. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a simulation activity on dental hygiene and nursing students' attitudes about interprofessional collaboration (IPC). Second-year dental hygiene (n=35) and nursing students (n=45) from a community college in the Midwestern United States were recruited to participate via e-mail.

Effects of an low carbohydrate/healthy fat/ketogenic diet on biomarkers of health and symptoms, anxiety and depression in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.

To evaluate a low carbohydrate/healthy fat/ketogenic diet (LCHF/KD) on symptoms, depression, anxiety and biomarkers in adults with Parkinson's disease (PD). 16 adults ages 36-80 with PD participated in the intervention for 12 weeks. The study provided pre-post-study comparisons of biomarkers, weight, waist measurement, united Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Parkinson's Anxiety Scale (PAS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised-20 (CESD-R-20) Depression Scale.

The use of dental radiographs for age estimation of unaccompanied migrant minors: Scientific and ethical concerns.

Unaccompanied migrant minors are increasingly seeking asylum status in the United States (U.S.) where guidelines for age assessment call for the use of multiple forms of evidence.

Medical students' perceptions of understanding skills needed in treating cardiac patients through simulation-based encounters in a clinical skills curriculum.

Context: Simulation-based education can enhance medical students' understanding of clinical concepts as they learn the key elements needed to treat patients with various medical conditions. The integration of simulation programs into medical school curricula increases students' exposure to this type of learning.

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of simulation activities on medical students' perceptions of understanding cardiac rhythm identification and the pharmacology skills necessary to manage a stable patient with cardiac arrhythmia.

Patient Safety Culture in European Hospitals: A Comparative Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Poorly organized health systems with inadequate leadership limit the development of the robust safety cultures capable of preventing consequential adverse events. Although safety culture has been studied in hospitals worldwide, the relationship between clinician perceptions about patient safety and their actual clinical practices has received little attention. Despite the need for mixed methods studies to achieve a deeper understanding of safety culture, there are few studies providing comparisons of hospitals in different countries.

Senior dental students' perceptions of evidence-based dentistry.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess senior dental students' knowledge and attitudes regarding evidence-based dentistry (EBD), their use of the current literature and considerations for patient preferences.

Materials And Methods: A modified Knowledge, Attitudes, Access, and Confidence Evaluation (KACE) survey was administered to collect data from senior dental students at the University of Maryland School of Dentistry (UMSOD). The chi-squared test was used to compare the correct response rates of each question in the knowledge of scientific evidence domain.

Operational and financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on U.S. dental school clinics.

Purpose: This study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on U.S. dental schools and their school-based clinic operations and finances during the first eight months (April to December 2020) of the outbreak.

'Staying alive' with antiretroviral therapy: a grounded theory study of people living with HIV in Peru.

Background: To achieve an optimal quality of life through chronic disease management, people living with HIV (PLHIV) must adhere to antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART has been available throughout Peru since 2004 without cost in all regions; yet only 60% (43 200) of PLHIV receive ART and 32% are virally suppressed. Despite the low adherence, little is known about the experience of PLHIV with ART adherence in the context of Latin America.

Examining the Role of HPV Communication Training in the Knowledge, Attitudes, Comfort, and Confidence of Dental Hygiene Students.

Human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal cancer (HPV-OPC) is the most common HPV-associated cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of a curriculum that utilized brief motivational interviewing (BMI) strategies on the knowledge, attitudes, comfort, and confidence of dental hygiene students regarding communication about HPV. Junior and senior dental hygiene (DH) and dental therapy (DT) students participated in this retrospective study.

Dental Students' Knowledge and Attitudes about Human Papillomavirus Prevention.

Unlabelled: The purpose of the current study was to assess knowledge and attitudes about human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccination for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) prevention in first-year through fourth-year dental students.

Methods: In this cross-sectional quantitative study, surveys assessed knowledge and attitudes about HPV, HPV-related OPC, and HPV vaccination of incoming first-year dental students (D1), outgoing first- and second-year dental students (D1-D2), and outgoing third- and fourth-year dental students (D3-D4). After completing a 40-item pre-training knowledge and attitude assessment survey, a one-time, one-hour national HPV training session was conducted.

Motherhood and decision-making among women living with HIV in developed countries: a systematic review with qualitative research synthesis.

Background: Women living with HIV (WLH) lack evidence-based information about reproductive options while managing pressures from family, clinicians, and communities to give up the idea of having children. As the reproduction intentions of WLH are not well understood, stigmatizing behaviors force them to hide their disease to avoid rejection by their family, partner, and social networks. Compliance with social norms, fear of stigma, and discrimination influence their experience.

College student preferences of telepsychiatry.

Objective: To identify differences in preferences related to telepsychiatry among college students who have and have not been diagnosed with a mental health condition in the last year.

Participants: Students ( = 537) at a medium-sized Midwestern university ( = 21 years; 71% female).

Methods: A quantitative, causal-comparative design using an adapted version of the National College Health Assessment (NCHA).

Postsecondary nutrition program education in the hashemite Kingdom of Jordan: A brief report.

Background: Obesity is a growing public health concern in Jordan, which has experienced a noticeable transition associated with increased morbidity and mortality, due to nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases. The nutrition profession has also advanced in Jordan, but the expansion is not as robust as changes happening in other healthcare sectors. This brief report examines the current nutrition-affiliated programs offered in postsecondary institutions in Jordan.

The meaning of postpartum sexual health for women living in Spain: a phenomenological inquiry.

Background: Sexual health is a multidimensional phenomenon constructed by personal, social, and cultural factors but continues to be studied with a biomedical approach. During the postpartum period, a woman transitions to mother, as well as partner-to-parent and couple-to-family. There are new realities in life in the postpartum period, including household changes and new responsibilities that can impact the quality of sexual health.

A Narrative Review of Ethnic Minority Studies for Faith-Based Health Promotion Interventions with Special Reference to the Contemporary Christian Nurse.

Heart disease, diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2, and obesity are three of the most prevalent diseases in the USA. Some obesity-related comorbidities are disproportionately higher within African-American and Hispanic communities. While governmental and local health programs offer educational opportunities encouraging long-term health behavior changes, the most accessible programs have been through faith-based communities.

Attitudes and beliefs of nurses and physicians about managing sexual health in primary care: A multi-site cross-sectional comparative study.

Aim: To understand the attitudes and beliefs of nurses and physicians about managing the sexual health of patients during office visits in primary care centres.

Design: A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional multi-centre study.

Methods: The study was performed in 15 primary care centres in Barcelona (Spain), from December 2017-February 2018.

The Patient-centered Medical Home as an Intervention Strategy for Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Poorly managed diabetes mellitus increases health care expenditures and negatively impacts health outcomes. There are 34 million people living with diabetes in the United States with a direct annual medical cost of $237 billion. The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) was introduced to transform primary care by offering team-based care that is accessible, coordinated, and comprehensive.

Social media conversations about community water fluoridation: formative research to guide health communication.

Objectives: Community water fluoridation (CWF) is one of the greatest public health achievements of the 20th century. Despite this achievement, there are still misunderstandings about the safety of water fluoridation. Previous communication campaigns advocating CWF have been unsuccessful in combating these misunderstandings, suggesting a need for a new way to promote CWF.

Attitudes toward sweetened soft drinks and consumption patterns among Saudi women: A cross-sectional study.

Although sweetened soft drink consumption (SDC) has negative consequences on health, this dietary habit is common among the Saudi population (Saudi Arabia). Food selection and consumption are complex behaviors and associated with several constructs described by social cognitive theory. This study assessed the pattern of sweetened SDC and its associated behavioral and theoretical factors, with focus on attitude and expectations related to SDC among Saudi women.