Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis Between Depressive Symptoms, Social Withdrawal, Self-Esteem, and School Adaptation in Multicultural Adolescents.

In Korea, as the number of multicultural families formed through the marriage of Korean men and foreign women from lower-income countries such as China, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia increases, the psychosocial adaptation of adolescents from these families is becoming increasingly important. This study examines the longitudinal and reciprocal relationships among depressive symptoms, social withdrawal, self-esteem, and school adaptation in multicultural adolescents in high schools. We applied an autoregressive cross-lagged model to a sample of 594 multicultural adolescents extracted from three consecutive years of data from the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Survey and found that depressive symptoms and school adaptation had reciprocal negative relationships in multicultural adolescents' first and second years of high school.

Ameliorated Chameleon Algorithm-Based Shape Optimization of Disk Wang-Ball Curves.

The shape design and optimization of complex disk curves is a crucial and intractable technique in computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). Based on disk Wang-Ball (DWB) curves, this paper defines a novel combined disk Wang-Ball (CDWB) curve with constrained parameters and investigates the shape optimization of CDWB curves by using the multi-strategy ameliorated chameleon swarm algorithm (MCSA). Firstly, in order to meet the various shape design requirements, the CDWB curves consisting of DWB curves are defined, and the G and G geometric continuity conditions for the curves are derived.

The Phonograms' Genuine-Character Status: What the Embedded Semantic Radicals' Semantic Activation Live by.

Background: In Chinese phonogram processing studies, it is widely accepted that both character and non-character semantic radicals could be semantically activated. However, little attention was paid to the underlying workings that enabled the semantic radicals' semantic activation.

Purpose: The present study aimed to address the above issue by conducting two experiments.

Cysteine modifications as molecular switch governing salicylic acid biosynthesis in systemic acquired resistance.

This commentary discusses the recent identification of hydrogen peroxide as systemic acquired resistance-inducing signal and its dose-dependent effect on salicylic acid biosynthesis in the systemic tissues in response to a pathogen attack.

PreTKcat: A pre-trained representation learning and machine learning framework for predicting enzyme turnover number.

The enzyme turnover number (k) is crucial for understanding enzyme kinetics and optimizing biotechnological processes. However, experimentally measured k values are limited due to the high cost and labor intensity of wet-lab measurements, necessitating robust computational methods. To address this issue, we propose PreTKcat, a framework that integrates pre-trained representation learning and machine learning to predict k values.

Exploring the reaction dynamics of alanine racemase using serial femtosecond crystallography.

Alanine racemase (Alr) catalyzes the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent racemization between L- and D-alanine in bacteria. Owing to the potential interest in targeting Alr for antibacterial drug development, several studies have determined the structures of Alr from different species, proposing models for the reaction mechanism. Insights into its reaction dynamics may be conducive to a better understanding of the Alr reaction mechanism.

Development of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based Electrodes with Enhanced Dispersion and Electrochemical Properties for Blood Glucose Monitoring.

The evolution of high-performance electrode materials has significantly impacted the development of real-time monitoring biosensors, emphasizing the need for compatibility with biomaterials and robust electrochemical properties. This work focuses on creating electrode materials utilizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), specifically examining their dispersion behavior and electrochemical characteristics. By using ultrasonic waves, we analyzed the dispersion of CNTs in various solvents, including N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), deionized water (DW), ethanol, and acetone.

Assessment of knowledge and awareness of stroke among Arabic speaking adults: unveiling the current landscape in seven countries through the first international representative study.

Introduction: While several studies have examined stroke public knowledge and awareness in individual countries within the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, none have provided a comprehensive cross-country assessment.

Purpose: To assess public stroke knowledge and awareness among Arabic-speaking adults in seven MENA countries and identify associated factors.

Materials And Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was self-administered by the public population in Iraq, Lebanon, Sudan, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Syria, and Saudi Arabia (April 2021-2023).

Arsenite in plant biology: How plants tackle it?

Among toxic elements, arsenic (As) comes under group 1 carcinogenic metalloid. Its presence in the soil and irrigation water in a higher concentration than permissible limit has become a threat to crop production and human livelihood. Crop plants, specifically those used as staple foods, exhibit the highest As accumulation which subsequently accumulates in the human body after their consumption, leading to severe fatal diseases.

Hydrogen Sulphide: A Key Player in Plant Development and Stress Resilience.

Based on the research conducted so far, hydrogen sulphide (HS) plays a crucial role in the development and stress resilience of plants. HS, which acts as a signalling molecule, responds to different stresses such as heavy metals, drought, and salinity, and it regulates various aspects of plant growth and development including seed germination, root development, stomatal movement, flowering, and fruit ripening. Additionally, HS is involved in mediating legume-Rhizobium symbiosis signalling.

Biosynthesis of sakuranetin regulated by OsMPK6-OsWRKY67-OsNOMT cascade enhances resistance to false smut disease.

Rice false smut disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens, significantly restricts both the production and quality of rice grains. However, the molecular mechanism underlying rice resistance against U. virens remain largely elusive.

Experimental approaches for time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography at PAL-XFEL.

Understanding the structures and dynamics of biomolecules and chemical compounds is crucial for deciphering their molecular functions and mechanisms. Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) using X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) is a useful technique for determining structures at room temperature, while minimizing radiation damage. Time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography (TR-SFX), which uses an optical laser or a mixing device, allows molecular dynamic visualization during a reaction at specific time points.

Understanding Park Golf Participation Among Older Adults: The Role of Social Support in Health Behavior Through the Lens of the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Addressing gaps in the existing research, this study investigates how event image affects attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC); how attitudes, subjective norms, and PBC impact behavioral intention, applying the theory of planned behavior (TPB) framework; and how social support moderates these variables among older participants in park golf. We gathered data from senior park golf tournament participants and utilized confirmatory factor analysis to validate the measurement scale, assessing factor loadings, average variance extracted (AVE), and construct reliability (CR), while our analysis of Cronbach's alpha ensured scale reliability. We also employed structural equation modeling with maximum likelihood estimation to analyze the positive relationships and conducted a moderation analysis using Jamovi software.

Future challenges of direct-to-consumer genetic testing for sustainable safety in the Republic of Korea's skin care market: a systematic review.

Background: Social distancing due to the pandemic is accelerating the fragmentation of Korean society in the megatrend of continuous individualization after industrialization. In this context, consumers are turning to direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing for tailored skin healthcare strategies. However, there are still concerns about the safety of personal information in DTC genetic testing.

Effects of Yi Jin Jing on enhancing muscle strength and physical performance in older individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The aging population is rapidly increasing, leading to physical decline and higher risks of chronic diseases, including sarcopenia, which adversely affects muscle quality and strength. Yi Jin Jing (YJJ), a traditional Chinese exercise method, can enhance flexibility and strength, but evidence regarding its effectiveness in older adults is conflicting. This meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the effects of YJJ on muscle strength and physical performance in this demographic.

Data on the crystal structures of β-glucosidase from .

β-Glucosidase (Bgl) is a biomass-degrading enzyme that hydrolyzes cellobiose and glucose-substituted polysaccharides into glucose, playing a crucial role in enzymatic saccharification during biofuel production. Despite the wealth of structural information available on Bgl, the molecular properties of the loops above the substrate-binding pocket remain unexplored. In previous study, to better understand the molecular functions of these loop regions, four crystal structures of Bgl (TsaBgl) were determined.

Measuring influencing factors affecting mortality rates during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed clear deficiencies in global public health policies and healthcare systems when confronted with the emergence of a novel and deadly infectious disease.

Objectives: With 4 years elapsed since the onset of the pandemic, ample data now exist to analyse the associations between the implementation of diverse public health policies, sociodemographic factors and COVID-19 mortality rates.

Methods: This study utilised the dataset compiled by 'Our World in Data' spanning the period of the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 to 2022.

Integrative Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Profiling Reveals the Salt-Responsive Mechanisms in Two Rice Varieties (Oryza Sativa subsp. Japonica and Indica).

Salinity stress induces ionic and osmotic imbalances in rice plants that in turn negatively affect the photosynthesis rate, resulting in growth retardation and yield penalty. Efforts have, therefore, been carried out to understand the mechanism of salt tolerance, however, the complexity of biological processes at proteome levels remains a major challenge. Here, we performed a comparative proteome and phosphoproteome profiling of microsome enriched fractions of salt-tolerant (cv.

Development and Validation of the Defending Behavior Scale of Cyberbullying for Adolescents.

In the context of cyberbullying, bystanders engage in a diverse array of defending behaviors, employing a range of strategies tailored to the specific forms of bullying they encounter. These defending behaviors have been demonstrated to effectively mitigate the adverse effects of cyberbullying on victims. This study involved the development of the defending behavior scale of cyberbullying for adolescents and a subsequent assessment of the scale's reliability and validity.

The Relationship Between MOTS-c K14Q Polymorphism and Sarcopenia, Blood Lipids, and Mental Health in Older Korean Adults.

An East Asian-specific 1382A>C polymorphism in the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c results in an amino acid substitution from Lys (K) to Gln (Q) at the 14th amino acid residue. This study investigated the association between m.1382A>C polymorphism and sarcopenia, blood lipids, and mental health in older Korean adults.