-inoculation altered the C, N contents and regulated biomass allocation in to promote plant growth and improve salt stress tolerance.

Soil salinization poses a significant ecological and environmental challenge both in China and across the globe. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) enhance plants' resilience against biotic and abiotic stresses, thereby playing a vital role in soil improvement and vegetation restoration efforts. PGPR assist plants in thriving under salt stress by modifying plant physiology, enhancing nutrient absorption, and synthesizing plant hormones.

Fabrication of a novel reusable nanozyme by immobilizing Co-doped carbon dots on nanocellulose aerogels for efficient dyes degradation.

Carbon dot-based nanozymes have gained significant attention, but their application in dye degradation remains limited due to low activity and challenges in recovery and reuse. To overcome these limitations, high peroxidase-active Co-doped carbon dots (CoCDs) with surface amines were synthesized via hydrothermal method and immobilized onto TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF) aerogels using EDC/NHS coupling. For the first time, this study investigates the dye degradation efficiency of CDs nanozyme.

Seasonal Variations and Sexual Differences in Home Range Sizes and Activity Patterns of Endangered Long-Tailed Gorals in South Korea.

The long-tailed goral () faces significant threats from habitat loss and fragmentation and is classified as a Class I endangered species by the Ministry of Environment in South Korea and vulnerable by the IUCN. Understanding the behavioral ecology of this species is crucial for effective conservation and protective measures. Using GPS collars, this study investigated the home range sizes and activity patterns of nine rehabilitated long-tailed gorals (four males and five females) across three regions (Yanggu, Seoraksan National Park, and Uljin) from 2014 to 2016.

Effects of Hot Water Extract and Oregonin on Muscle Loss and Muscle Atrophy in C2C12 Murine Skeletal Muscle Cells.

Sarcopenia is characterized by the loss of muscle mass and function, increases in mortality rate, and risk of comorbidities in the elderly. This study evaluated the effects of hot water extract (AJHW) and its active compound, oregonin, on muscle atrophy and apoptosis in vitro. AJHW underwent phytochemical analysis.

Long oligos: direct chemical synthesis of genes with up to 1728 nucleotides.

The longest oligos that can be chemically synthesized are considered to be 200-mers. Here, we report direct synthesis of an 800-mer green fluorescent protein gene and a 1728-mer 29 DNA polymerase gene on an automated synthesizer. Key innovations that enabled this breakthrough include conducting the synthesis on a smooth surface rather than within the pores of traditional supports, and the use of the powerful catching-by-polymerization (CBP) method for isolating the full-length oligos from a complex mixture.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Miquel, a plant of the Ericaceae family.

1866 is a deciduous shrub native to Northeast Asia, including Korea, China, and Japan Its polyphenol-rich edible berries may aid in managing chronic diseases. Despite its importance, the mitogenome of this species remains understudied. This study assembled the complete mitogenome, consisting of 626,941 bp with 45.

Greening of a boreal rich fen driven by CO fertilisation.

Boreal peatlands store vast amounts of soil organic carbon (C) owing to the imbalance between productivity and decay rates. In the recent decades, this carbon stock has been exposed to a warming climate. During the past decade alone, the Arctic has warmed by ∼ 0.

Photosynthetic responses to temperature across the tropics: a meta-analytic approach.

Background And Aims: Tropical forests exchange more carbon dioxide (CO2) with the atmosphere than any other terrestrial biome. Yet, uncertainty in the projected carbon balance over the next century is roughly three-times greater for the tropics than other ecosystems. Our limited knowledge of tropical plant physiological responses, including photosynthetic, to climate change is a substantial source of uncertainty in our ability to forecast the global terrestrial carbon sink.

Transcriptome Comparison between Resistant and Susceptible Soybean Cultivars in Response to Inoculation of Phytophthora sojae.

Phytophthora root and stem rot, caused by Phytophthora sojae, considerably reduces soybean yield worldwide. Our previous study identified two genomic regions on chromosome 18 (2.1-2.

Social and knowledge diversity in forest education: Vital for the world's forests.

A global assessment of the status of tertiary, vocational, and technical forest education and training found deficits in inclusion of knowledge and student diversity. Coverage of forest services and cultural and social issues was characterized as weak in the curricula of many programs. The inclusion of traditional and Indigenous knowledge was frequently poor or absent.

Legacy Effects of Plant Community Structure Are Manifested in Microbial Biofilm Development With Consequences for Ecosystem CO Emissions.

To better understand linkages between hydrology and ecosystem carbon flux in northern aquatic ecosystems, we evaluated the relationship between plant communities, biofilm development, and carbon dioxide (CO) exchange following long-term changes in hydrology in an Alaskan fen. We quantified seasonal variation in biofilm composition and CO exchange in response to lowered and raised water table position (relative to a control) during years with varying levels of background dissolved organic carbon (DOC). We then used nutrient-diffusing substrates (NDS) to evaluate cause-effect relationships between changes in plant subsidies (i.

Influence of incorporating beta-cyclodextrin/essential oil-based wood preservative on the bonding strength of wood composite products.

The introduction of additives during the production of wood composites may disrupt the development of bonding strength between wood and adhesive, potentially compromising the structural performance of wood composites. This study investigates the impact of incorporating a natural wood preservative into 3-ply southern yellow pine (SYP) plywood on its bonding strength. The formation of β-cyclodextrin and trans-cinnamaldehyde (βCD-tCN) inclusion complex as a natural wood preservative was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction analyses, with an inclusion yield ranging 78 % to 120 %.

Efficient hairy root induction system of Astragalus membranaceus and significant enhancement of astragalosides via overexpressing AmUGT15.

Astragalus membranaceus hairy roots induced by direct injection of Rhizobium rhizogenes with AmUGT15 overexpressing genes into the stem explants demonstrate enhanced astragaloside biosynthesis Astragalus membranaceus is a widely used medicinal plant, which has important economic, ecological, medicinal, and ornamental values for accumulating various triterpene saponins named astragalosides in roots. Although the hairy root culture technique has been established in A. membranaceus, the molecular regulation of metabolic pathways for improving astragaloside contents was not reported.

Bioaccumulation and biochemical impact of polyethylene terephthalate microplastics in Cipangopaludina chinensis: Tissue-specific analysis and homeostasis disruption.

Microplastics are a novel pollutant that adversely affect freshwater benthic organisms. However, few studies have investigated the mechanism underlying the bioaccumulation and the toxicity of microplastics. In this study, microplastics bioaccumulation of wild Cipangopaludina chinensis in the Songhua River were utilized, and a 28-day aquatic toxicity test was performed to determine the effects of exposure to polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the bioaccumulation of PET, and changes in multiple biomarkers in the muscle, gill, and kidney tissues.

SAR image integration for multi-temporal analysis of Lake Manchar Wetland dynamics using machine learning.

The Manchar Lake wetland complex, Pakistan's largest freshwater-lake, faces unprecedented ecological challenges amidst climate change and human pressures, necessitating urgent, data-driven conservation strategies. This study employs cutting-edge multi-sensor remote sensing techniques to quantify and analyze the dynamic changes in this critical ecosystem from 2015 to 2023, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of wetland dynamics for informed management decisions. Integrating Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery, we assessed changes in wetland extent, vegetation health, and land-use patterns using spectral indices and topographic data.

Discovery of genes that positively affect biomass and stress associated traits in poplar.

Woody biomass serves as a renewable resource for various industries, including pulp and paper production, construction, biofuels, and electricity generation. However, the molecular mechanisms behind biomass traits are poorly understood, which significantly curtails the speed and efficiency of their improvement. We used activation tagging to discover genes that can positively affect tree biomass-associated traits.

De Novo Synthesis of Error-Free Long Oligos.

This protocol describes the synthesis of long oligonucleotides (up to 401-mer), their isolation from complex mixtures using the catching-by-polymerization (CBP) method, and the selection of error-free sequence via cloning followed by Sanger sequencing. Oligo synthesis is achieved under standard automated solid-phase synthesis conditions with only minor yet critical adjustments using readily available reagents. The CBP method involves tagging the full-length sequence with a polymerizable tagging phosphoramidite (PTP), co-polymerizing the sequence into a polymer, washing away failure sequences, and cleaving the full-length sequence from the polymer.

Gains in soil carbon storage under anthropogenic nitrogen deposition are rapidly lost following its cessation.

In the Northern Hemisphere, anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition contributed to the enhancement of the global terrestrial carbon (C) sink, partially offsetting CO emissions. Across several long-term field experiments, this ecosystem-level response was determined to be driven, in part, by the suppression of microbial activity associated with the breakdown of soil organic matter. However, since the implementation of emission abatement policies in the 1970s, atmospheric N deposition has declined globally, and the consequences of this decline are unknown.

Coyotes can do 'puppy dog eyes' too: comparing interspecific variation in facial expression muscles.

Facial expressions are critical for non-verbal communication. The genus epitomizes the interplay between behaviour and morphology in the evolution of non-verbal communication. Recent work suggests that the levator anguli oculi medialis (LAOM) muscle is unique to dogs () within the genus and evolved due to domestication.

Dicarboxylate cellulose nanofibrils-supported silver nanoparticles as a novel, green, efficient and recyclable catalyst for 4-nitrophenol and dyes reduction.

This study reports dicarboxylate cellulose nanofibrils (DCNF) as a novel reducing and supporting agent for producing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with high efficiency (63.82 % reduction) and loading (6.88 %) using UV light.

Integrating multisource data and machine learning for supraglacial lake detection: Implications for environmental management and sustainable development goals in high mountainous regions.

The accurate detection and monitoring of supraglacial lakes in high mountainous regions are crucial for understanding their dynamic nature and implications for environmental management and sustainable development goals. In this study, we propose a novel approach that integrates multisource data and machine learning techniques for supra-glacial lake detection in the Passu Batura glacier of the Hunza Basin, Pakistan. We extract pertinent features or parameters by leveraging multisource datasets such as radar backscatter intensity VH and VV parameters from Sentinel-1 Ground Range Detected (GRD) data, near-infrared (NIR), NDWI_green, NDWI_blue parameters from Sentinel-2 Multi-spectral Instrument (MSI) data, and surface slope, aspect, and elevation parameters from topographic data.

Tree diversity across the Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area in relation to climate and social vulnerability.

Urban tree canopy cover is often unequally distributed across cities such that more socially vulnerable neighborhoods often have lower tree canopy cover than less socially vulnerable neighborhoods. However, how the diversity and composition of the urban canopy affect the nature of social-ecological benefits (and burdens), including the urban forest's vulnerability to climate change, remains underexamined. Here, we synthesize tree inventories developed by multiple organizations and present a species-specific, geolocated database of more than 600,000 urban trees across the 7-county Minneapolis-St.

Enhancing deep learning-based slope stability classification using a novel metaheuristic optimization algorithm for feature selection.

The evaluation of slope stability is of crucial importance in geotechnical engineering and has significant implications for infrastructure safety, natural hazard mitigation, and environmental protection. This study aimed to identify the most influential factors affecting slope stability and evaluate the performance of various machine learning models for classifying slope stability. Through correlation analysis and feature importance evaluation using a random forest regressor, cohesion, unit weight, slope height, and friction angle were identified as the most critical parameters influencing slope stability.