Population genetics and evolutionary history of the intertidal brittle star in the northern China Sea.

is a common brittle star in the northwestern Pacific. As a dominant species, inhabiting the intertidal rocky ecosystem are affected by multiple environmental stressors, but molecular insights into their genetic population structure remain poorly studied. In this study, we investigated the population genetics and evolutionary history of six populations from the northern China Sea using mitochondrial (, ) and nuclear (, ) gene markers.

[Nitrifying bacteria and nitrification in sediment at the adjacent sea area of Yangtze River Estuary in summer].

The influence factors and environmental effects of nitrification process were discussed based on the measurements of nitrifier quantities and nitrification rates at eight sites off Yangtze River Estuary in June 2006. Using FISH (Fluorescence in situ hybridization) method, the nitrifying bacteria were counted as 1.87 x 10(5) -3.