Quantifying the sources and health risks of groundwater nitrate via dual NO isotopes and Monte Carlo simulations in a developed planting-breeding area.

Nitrate (NO) pollution in groundwater is a worldwide environmental issue, particularly in developed planting-breeding areas where there is a substantial presence of nitrogen-related sources. Here, we explored the key sources and potential health risks of NO in a typical planting-breeding area in the North China Plain based on dual stable isotopes and Monte Carlo simulations. The analysis results revealed that the NO concentration ranged from 0.

A Compact Broadband Common-Aperture Dual-Polarized Antenna for Drone Applications.

A novel common-aperture miniaturized antenna with wideband and dual-polarized characteristics is proposed, which consists of a circularly polarized (CP) and a linearly polarized (LP) antenna. The circularly polarized antenna stacked on the upper layer adopts asymmetrical ground and introduces the patch and T-type feed network. On this basis, the meshed reflector structure, which also works as a ground plane for the LP antenna, is added to reduce the influence on circular polarization and achieve directional radiation.

Anti-Interference All-Optical Logic Computing Based on a 2D Polarization-Sensitive Photodiode.

Optical logic operation is promising for ultrafast information processing and optical computing due to the high computation speed and low power consumption. However, conventional optical logic devices require either a complex structure and circuit design or a constant voltage supply, which impedes the development of high-density integrated circuits. Here, all-optical logic devices are designed using a self-powered polarization-sensitive photodiode of the GeSe homojunction, which is attributed to an anisotropic band structure and built-in electric field.

Systematic analysis of natural topoisomerase I inhibitors from by ultrafiltration-UPLC-ESI-MS/MS, pharmacophore modelling, and molecular dynamics simulation.

This study conducted a systematic analysis to explore natural DNA topoisomerase I (topo I) inhibitors from (). Crude extract of exhibited notable toxic and anti-proliferative effects on A549 cells. A total of 36 components were identified using bioaffinity ultrafiltration UPLC-ESI-MS/MS.

Optoelectronic Reconfigurable Logic Gates Based on Two-Dimensional Vertical Field-Effect Transistors.

Optoelectronic reconfigurable logic gates are promising candidates to meet the multifunctional and energy-efficient requirements of integrated circuits. However, complex device architectures need more power and hinder multifunctional device applications. Here, we design vertical field-effect transistors (VFET) based on the two-dimensional (2D) graphene/MoS/WSe/graphene van der Waals heterojunction forming ohmic and Schottky contact.

A Dataset of Visible Light and Thermal Infrared Images for Health Monitoring of Caged Laying Hens in Large-Scale Farming.

Considering animal welfare, the free-range laying hen farming model is increasingly gaining attention. However, in some countries, large-scale farming still relies on the cage-rearing model, making the focus on the welfare of caged laying hens equally important. To evaluate the health status of caged laying hens, a dataset comprising visible light and thermal infrared images was established for analyses, including morphological, thermographic, comb, and behavioral assessments, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of the hens' health, behavior, and population counts.

Logic Computing Field-Effect Transistors Based on a Monolayer WSe Homojunction for the Semi-adder and Decoder.

Two-dimensional reconfigurable field-effect transistors (FETs) are promising candidates for next-generation computing hardware. However, exploring the cascade design of FETs for logic computing remains challenging. Here, by using density functional theory combined with the nonequilibrium Green's function method, we design a 5 nm split-gate FET based on a monolayer WSe homojunction, which can implement dynamic polarity control in different gate configurations.

Effects of vacancy defects and atomic doping on the electronic and magnetic properties of puckered penta-like PdPSe monolayer: anstudy.

The experimental knowledge of two-dimensional penta-like PdPSe monolayer is largely based on a recent publication (Li2021. 2102541). Therefore, the aim of our research is consequently to explore the effect of vacancy defects and substitutional doping on the electronic properties of the novel penta-PdPSe monolayer by using first-principles calculations.

Surface modification of XSe (X = Cu and Ag) monolayers by grope 1 elements: A metal to semiconductor transition by a first-principles perspective.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials can be effectively functionalized by chemically modified using doping. Very recently, a flat AgSe monolayer was successfully prepared through direct selenization of the Ag(111) surface. Besides, the results indicate that the AgSe monolayer like CuSe, has a honeycomb lattice.

QoS-driven resource allocation in fog radio access network: A VR service perspective.

While immersive media services represented by virtual reality (VR) are booming, They are facing fundamental challenges, i.e., soaring multimedia applications, large operation costs and scarce spectrum resources.

Two-dimensional HfS-ZrS lateral heterojunction FETs with high rectification and photocurrent.

Multifunctional devices are an indispensable choice to fulfil the increasing demand for miniaturized and integrated circuit systems. However, bulk material-based devices encounter the challenge of miniaturized all-in-one systems with multiple functions. In this study, we designed a field effect transistor (FET) based on a monolayer HfS-ZrS lateral heterojunction.

A Four-Port MIMO Cylindrical DRA with High Isolation in Ultra-Compact Size for WLAN Applications.

A novel ultra-compact four-port multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with improved isolation is proposed for WLAN applications in this paper. The antenna is originally radiated with the assistance of two different excitation mechanisms to generate decoupled orthogonal modes. To further diminish the coupling field and improve the isolation, a suitable U-shaped slot is created on the common ground plane.

Wavelength multiplexing infrared metasurfaces for protein recognition and trace detection.

Infrared metasurfaces have exhibited exceptional optical properties that differ from naturally occurring metallic and dielectric nanostructure, enabling non-destructive and label-free sensing in a broadband region. However, implementing wavelength multiplexing sensors in broadband infrared has faced significant challenges. These challenges arise from the difficulty in efficiently exciting high resonances at specific wavelengths and the inability to individually tune each resonance.

Combination of bioaffinity ultrafiltration-UFLC-ESI-Q/TOF-MS/MS, in silico docking and multiple complex networks to explore antitumor mechanism of topoisomerase I inhibitors from Artemisiae Scopariae Herba.

Background: Artemisiae Scopariae Herba (ASH) has been widely used as plant medicine in East Asia with remarkable antitumor activity. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.

Methods: This study aimed to construct a multi-disciplinary approach to screen topoisomerase I (topo I) inhibitors from ASH extract, and explore the antitumor mechanisms.

Causal discovery approach with reinforcement learning for risk factors of type II diabetes mellitus.

Background: Statistical correlation analysis is currently the most typically used approach for investigating the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, this approach does not readily reveal the causal relationships between risk factors and rarely describes the causal relationships visually.

Results: Considering the superiority of reinforcement learning in prediction, a causal discovery approach with reinforcement learning for T2DM risk factors is proposed herein.

Torsional nystagmus recognition based on deep learning for vertigo diagnosis.

Introduction: Detection of torsional nystagmus can help identify the canal of origin in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Most currently available pupil trackers do not detect torsional nystagmus. In view of this, a new deep learning network model was designed for the determination of torsional nystagmus.

Vertical Nystagmus Recognition Based on Deep Learning.

Vertical nystagmus is a common neuro-ophthalmic sign in vestibular medicine. Vertical nystagmus not only reflects the functional state of vertical semicircular canal but also reflects the effect of otoliths. Medical experts can take nystagmus symptoms as the key factor to determine the cause of dizziness.

Analysis and Design of a CLC/N Compensated CC-Type WPT System with Compact and Low-Cost Receiver.

Wireless power transfer (WPT) has been extensively studied by technicians for its advantages of safety, convenience and aesthetics. The load-independent constant current (CC) output is the focus of WPT research and has been initially applied in various fields, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) driving, CC charging of electric vehicles (EVs), etc. However, the existing CC-type WPT system has problems in that the output current is constrained by the loosely coupled transformer (LCT) parameters, the receiver is bulky, and the development cost is high.

Optoelectronic properties and applications of two-dimensional layered semiconductor van der Waals heterostructures: perspective from theory.

Van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) which combine two different materials together have attracted extensive research attentions due to the promising applications in optoelectronic and electronic devices, the investigations from theoretical simulations can not only predict the novel properties and the interfacial coupling, but also provide essential guidance for experimental verification and fabrications. This review summarizes the recent theoretical studies on electronic and optical properties of two-dimensional semiconducting vdWHs. The characteristics of different band alignments are discussed, together with the optoelectronic modulations from external fields and the promising applications in solar cells, tunneling field-effect transistors and photodetectors.

Promising ultra-short channel transistors based on OMS (M = Ga, In) monolayers for high performance and low power consumption.

It is hoped that two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors overcome the short channel effect and continue Moore's law. However, 2D material-based ultra-short channel devices still face the challenge of simultaneously achieving high-performance (HP) and low-power (LP) consumption. Here, we theoretically designed monolayer OMS (M = Ga, In)-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), considering the gate length from 1 to 5 nm, doping concentration and underlap structure.

Hybrid method for improving Tikhonov-based reconstruction quality in electrical impedance tomography.

Purpose: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has shown its potential in the field of medical imaging. Physiological or pathological variation would cause the change of conductivity. EIT is favorable in reconstructing conductivity distribution inside the detected area.

Molecular Dynamics Research of Spatial Orientation and Kinetic Energy of Active Site Collision of Carnosine under Weak Microwave Irradiation.

The molecular mechanism of the microwave nonthermal effect is still not clear. This work investigated the spatial orientation and kinetic energy of active site collision of carnosine, a natural bioactive dipeptide, under the weak microwave irradiation using the molecular dynamics simulation. Our results showed the influences of the temperature, microwave intensity, microwave frequency, and microwave polarization mode (linear polarization and circular polarization) on the spatial orientation and kinetic energy of active site collision of carnosine.

High-throughput screening of stable and efficient double inorganic halide perovskite materials by DFT.

Perovskite solar cells have become the most promising third-generation solar cells because of their superior physical-chemical properties and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. However, the current obstacles to commercialization of perovskite solar cells are their poor stability and harmful elements. How to find high-efficiency, high-stability and non-toxic perovskite materials from thousands of possible perovskite crystals is the key to solve this problem.