The effects of acute caffeine ingestion on decision-making and pass accuracy in young soccer players: A preliminary randomized controlled trial.

Caffeine has been shown to benefit physical aspects of different sports. In this paper, we aimed to understand the effects of caffeine on decision-making and the accuracy of soccer passes. Twelve young soccer players (16-17 years old and 20.

The evaluation of nightshade elimination diet (NED) on inflammatory and rheumatologic markers of rheumatoid arthritis patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease with a global prevalence rate of 1%. Patients with RA often associate specific foods like tomatoes and eggplants with adverse symptoms. These plants contain solanine, which could potentially contribute to bone and joint damage.

Hispanic adolescents' internalizing symptoms and positive family functioning: A bidirectional examination of associations over time.

Open communication with parents, defined as perceived ease of adolescent-parent disclosure, and family support are components of positive family functioning linked with fewer adolescent internalizing symptoms. However, relatively little is known about bidirectional pathways over time. Even less is known about bidirectional pathways for Hispanic adolescents or about the role of adolescent and parent gender.

The power of the written word: Comparing word meaning inferencing from auditory and written modalities throughout grade school.

Previous research indicates that word learning from auditory contexts may be more effective than written context at least through fourth grade. However, no study has examined contextual differences in word learning in older school-aged children when reading abilities are more developed. Here we examined developmental differences in children's ability to deduce the meanings of unknown words from the surrounding linguistic context in the auditory and written modalities and sought to identify the most important predictors of success in each modality.

Revisiting of TAMs in tumor immune microenvironment: Insight from NF-κB signaling pathway.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key components of tumor immune microenvironment and play a dual role in promoting tumor growth and anti-tumor immunity. Therefore, regulating TAMs has become a promising method in cancer immunotherapy. NF- κB pathway is the key regulatory pathway of TAMs.

Athletes' self-compassion and emotional resilience to failure: the mediating role of vagal reactivity.

Whether athletes' self-compassion predicts their emotional resilience to failure has yet to be empirically tested. Moreover, as an important physiological process of stress regulation, vagal reactivity is a plausible physiological mechanism for this relationship. Through a laboratory-based observational study of 90 college athletes, this research explores the influence of athletes' trait self-compassion on their emotional resilience when recalling failure, and examines whether vagal reactivity plays a mediating role.

Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Aggression in Autistic Children.

Background: Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by the obligatory intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The main aim of this study was to evaluate a possible relationship between aggression in autistic children with infection by T. gondii.

Integrating cultural considerations and developmental screening into an Australian First Nations child health check.

The aim of the present study was to integrate cultural considerations and developmental screening into a First Nations child health check. The 'Share and Care Check,' an optimised child health check, was co-designed with a remote Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation and led by Aboriginal Health Practitioners/Workers. Of 55 families who completed the Share and Care Check, the majority of participants indicated that their family/child was connected with their tribe and country.

The impact of concurrent training and antioxidant supplementation on the factors associated with the ocular lens opacity in diabetic rats.

The current study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of vitamins C and E (VCE) supplementation, exercise, and their concurrent application against cataract incidence in the diabetic rats. The obtained results indicated that different supplementation and training treatments were capable to preserve the lens transparency in the diabetic rats. Also, upon applying different supplementation and training treatments, the level of glutathione (GSH) and activity of antioxidant enzymes in the diabetic rats was preserved approximately close to their control levels.

Psychological Factors Including Demographic Features, Mental Illnesses, and Personality Disorders as Predictors in Internet Addiction Disorder.

Problematic internet use is an important social problem among adolescents and has become a global health issue. This study identified predictors and patterns of problematic internet use among adult students. In this study, 401 students were recruited using stratified sampling technique.

Assessing autism at its social and developmental roots: A review of Autism Spectrum Disorder studies using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

We review a relatively new method for studying the developing brain in children and infants with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Despite advances in behavioral screening and brain imaging, due to paradigms that do not easily allow for testing of awake, very young, and socially-engaged children-i.e.

Contingencies of Self-Worth and Psychological Distress in Iranian Patients Seeking Cosmetic Surgery: Integrative Self-Knowledge as Mediator.

Background: Although previous studies have shown that people applying for cosmetic surgery experience high-intensity psychological distress, important variables that function as protective factors have rarely been the subject of study in this population. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of low and high self-knowledge in experiencing psychological distress and contingencies of self-worth to appearance and approval from others and to identify the mediatory role of the integrative self-knowledge in patients seeking cosmetic surgery.

Methods: Eighty-eight patients seeking cosmetic surgery were selected and completed the contingencies of self-worth and integrative self-knowledge scales, as well as the depression, anxiety and stress scale.

Dynamics of self-directed learning in M.Sc. nursing students: A qualitative research.

Introduction: Working in the complex and ever changing healthcare settings forces the nurses and nursing students to be equipped with lifelong learning skills. One of the lifelong learning skills is self-directed learning. This study aimed to explore the M.

How Iranian Medical Trainees Approach their Responsibilities in Clinical Settings; A Grounded Theory Research.

Background: It seems we are now experiencing "responsibility problems" among medical trainees (MTs) and some of those recently graduated from medical schools in Iran. Training responsible professionals have always been one of the main concerns of medical educators. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of research in the literature on "responsibility" especially from the medical education point of view.

Relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness, habitual physical activity, body mass index and premenstrual symptoms in collegiate students.

Aim: Several factors may be related to premenstrual symptoms (PMS) including physical and psychological symptoms and the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), habitual physical activity including exercise and non exercise activity, body mass index (BMI) and physical and psychological symptoms of PMS.

Methods: In a cross-sectional survey 86 young girls (age:18-25 years) who met the study criteria voluntary participated in this study. Participants completed Moos Menstrual Distress and life style habit questionnaires.

Motivational Interviewing Skills in Health Care Encounters (MISHCE): Development and psychometric testing of an assessment tool.

Background: Motivational interviewing (MI) has demonstrated a significant impact as an intervention strategy for addiction management, change in lifestyle behaviors, and adherence to prescribed medication and other treatments. Key elements to studying MI include training in MI of professionals who will use it, assessment of skills acquisition in trainees, and the use of a validated skills assessment tool.

Objectives: The purpose of this research project was to develop a psychometrically valid and reliable tool that has been designed to assess MI skills competence in health care provider trainees.

Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate medical students' and residents' responsibility in clinical settings.

There is a shortage of quantitative measures for assessing the concept of responsibility as a fundamental construct in medical education, ethics and professionalism in existing literature. This study aimed to develop an instrument for measuring responsibility in both undergraduate and graduate medical students during clinical training. Instrument content was based on literature review and mainly qualitative data obtained from a published grounded theory research.

An exploratory study on the elements that might affect medical students' and residents' responsibility during clinical training.

We are now more or less confronting a "challenge of responsibility" among both undergraduate and postgraduate medical students and some recent alumni from medical schools in Iran. This ethical problem calls for urgent etiologic and pathologic investigations into the problem itself and the issues involved. This study aimed to develop a thematic conceptual framework to study factors that might affect medical trainees' (MTs) observance of responsibility during clinical training.

Patients with schizophrenia show deficits on spatial frequency doubling.

There are pieces of evidence indicating that visual deficits in patients with schizophrenia can be attributed to a deficiency in the magnocellular portion of the early visual system. The main objective of this study was to investigate the neurological dysfunction of the magnocellular pathway in patients with schizophrenia using the frequency doubling technology perimetry (FDT). The FDT has been developed based on particular neural magnocellular characteristics and can examine the magnocellular dysfunction hypothesis in schizophrenia.

Reliability and validity of the Self-report Family Content Scale.

The aim of the study was to assess the reliability and validity of Self-report Family Content Scale for measurement of a contextual and psychoeducational model for family studies. The sample included 450 college students at Shiraz University (241 women, 209 men; M age=27.5 yr.