Enhanced Near-Infrared Fluorescence Emission near a Graphene-Metal Hybrid Structure.

Plasmon resonance plays an important role in improving the detection of biomolecules, and it is one of the focuses of research to use metal plasmon resonance to achieve fluorescence enhancement and to improve detection sensitivity. However, the problems of nondynamic tuning and fluorescence quenching of metal plasmon resonance need to be solved. Graphene surface plasmon resonance can be dynamically controlled, and the graphene adsorption of fluorescent molecules can avoid fluorescence quenching and greatly improve the fluorescence emission intensity.

One-Pot Domino Catalysis to Construct Alkyl/Aryl Pyrroles Initiated by Pd-TMM Annulation of Unactivated Imines.

Herein, a one-pot domino catalyzed three-component process is described, which is initiated by a palladium/zinc cooperatively catalyzed cycloaddition between trimethylenemethane (TMM) and unactivated alkyl/aryl imines, followed by one-pot isomerization and Zn(OTf)-catalyzed DDQ oxidation, furnishing valuable substituted pyrroles. We disclose that the palladium/zinc cooperative catalysis affords a dual-Zn(OTf)-stabilized azapalladacycle, wherein the Pd-N bond is polarized by Zn(OTf), facilitating a unique outer-sphere allylic amination. Moreover, subsequent DDQ dehydrogenation can be feasibly promoted by zinc catalysis.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Personality traits are long-standing characteristics of behavior and emotion. Personality might influence cognitive health in later life by affecting responses to stressful events and engagement in cognitively stimulating activities, such as interpersonal interaction. The current study examined associations between personality traits and cognition in late life, and potential mediation by positive and negative emotion, depression, and social connectedness.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Despite recognition of the need to increase underrepresented groups (URG) engagement in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) studies, enrollment remains low. As a first step in examining these disparities, these analyses aimed to compare referral sources for Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (ADRC) enrollment of URG participants.

Method: These analyses included data from 48,330 participants across 46 ADRCs, obtained through the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Black Americans (BAs), Hispanics/Latinos (H/Ls), and Africans (As) face a disproportionate burden of aging and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), coupled with underrepresentation in research. Further, researchers also report a lack of compliance on sensitive social determinants of health data for AD/ADRD research. For instance, the PRAPARE tool reports a low completion rate in community and clinical settings.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Majority of people living worldwide live in low- and middle- income countries, including sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Most cognitive assessment batteries for Alzheimer's Disease(AD), are developed in high income countries (HICs), where most international dementia collaborations and data originate. The African Dementia Consortium (AfDC) is a new scientific collaboration network currently participating in the Recruitment and Retention for Alzheimer's Disease Diversity Genetic Cohorts in the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (READD-ADSP).

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Dementia is a complex health condition that poses challenges not only to people living with dementia (PLWD) but to their families, the health system and society as a whole. Even though there is still no cure for dementia, different interventions are showing substantial contribution. mHealth-based assistive technology has shown the potential to provide efficient healthcare for PLWD and their caregivers in cognitive training, health and safety monitoring, educational support, and socialization.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: African Americans (AA) are underrepresented in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain donation research, making up approximately 2% of brain donations to the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC). Focus groups were conducted to obtain qualitative information to expand upon survey data that was collected previously to gain additional insights into the attitudes of Black∖AA individuals toward brain donation and perceptions of medical research.

Method: A brain donation focus group facilitator guide was created based upon earlier survey findings.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Black/African American (AA) caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders can play a critical role in maintaining patient health. AD caregivers who face economic challenges may have less access to resources that may reduce caregiver burden they experience. The North Carolina Department of Commerce ranks the state's 100 counties based on economic well-being and assigns the most distressed counties as Tier 1, and least distressed as Tier 3.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Marital status is an important but often overlooked sociodemographic factor that could shape cognitive health in late adulthood. Being married is shown to be linked to lower risk of dementia, but less is understood about underlying mechanisms contributing to this relationship, such as brain reserve (BR) and cognitive reserve (CR). Further, less is known about how living arrangement, independent of marital status, is associated with late-life cognition.

Dementia Care Practice.

Background: Boosting shared decision-making (SDM) for individuals with dementia is a critical aspect of patient-centered care. This collaborative approach respects the autonomy and dignity of patients, even when they face challenges in communication or decision-making due to their medical condition. Understanding patients' values and preferences may be central to a successful SDM process.

Dementia Care Practice.

Background-: An estimated 8.8 million Indians older than 60 years have dementia. The increase in number of people living with dementia is causing difficultly to meet the need for care and support, particularly people with early-stage dementia.

Dementia Care Practice.

Background: The ADI Accreditation Programme, launched in December 2020, aims to support all Alzheimer and dementia associations and other organizations, in improving care for people living with dementia. By providing a standards-based approach to knowledge and skills, ADI establishes benchmarks that program providers must adhere to. Successful completion of an evaluation allows carers, trainers & program providers to earn ADI Accreditation, indicating that they have reached the required global standard for their training and learning activities, including culturally appropriate context to improve care quality.

Dementia Care Practice.

Current joint practice guidelines (PG) on genetic counseling and testing for Alzheimer's disease (AD), published in 2011 by the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) and American College of Medical Genetics), recommend against clinical APOE genetic testing. These recommendations were largely followed, as seen in a survey of AD Research Centers in 2019 where only 7% of centers reported disclosure of APOE to research participants. However, because the risk of amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) associated with anti-amyloid therapy is increased for those with one or two copies of APOE e4, the FDA now endorses APOE testing for those considering this treatment.

Dementia Care Practice.

Dementia is a global public health challenge, impacting > 55 million individuals worldwide. However, widespread dissemination of efficacious non-pharmacologic interventions remains limited. A key implementation barrier is workforce preparation and support for healthcare professionals (HPs) and administrators when being trained in, implementing, and sustaining programs.

Dementia Care Practice.

The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes the need to provide support to caregivers of people living with dementia, as one of seven action areas. This is especially crucial in Ghana, where, similar to other Lower Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), the majority of people with dementia reside in the community and are cared for by informal caregivers, often family members. These caregivers usually do not have any training in dementia care and may have limited understanding of the disease and its potential symptoms.

Dementia Care Practice.

Objective: Few studies have investigated trajectories in care among patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), especially Veterans who experience a unique set of AD risk factors and challenges in access to AD immunotherapy in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VAHS) of the United States.

Methods: We analyzed trajectories in care based on electronic health records (EHR) among Veterans who were assessed for AD based on ICD-10 coding within the VAHS between Oct 2015 and Jan 2024. Among Veterans with an ICD-10 code for AD in the VAHS, we examined frequency distributions of clinical visits by physician specialty (primary care, neurologist, geriatrician, psychiatrist, and other specialties) where the initial AD ICD-10 coding was recorded.

Technology and Dementia Preconference.

Background: We currently lack in the dementia field accurate, noninvasive, quick, and affordable screening tools for brain dysfunctions associated with early subtle risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Our Kentucky aging cohort demonstrates that asymptomatic older individuals with MCI-like frontal memory-related brainwave patterns convert to MCI within a short 5-year period, as opposed to individuals with NC-like patterns (1) that remain normal 10 years later (2). Astrocyte reactivity influences amyloid-ß effects on tau pathology in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (3).

Dementia Care Practice.

Introduction: Colonoscopies are routine procedures performed primarily on adults over the age of 50; however, there is little known about the influence of social determinants of health on successful completion of colonoscopies. Inadequate at-home bowel preparation can result in increased procedure duration, decreased cancer detection, and may necessitate a repeated colonoscopy, putting undue stress on the patient. Research suggests neurocognitive disorder is a risk factor for poor bowel preparation in older adults; however, lower education may confound neurocognitive findings, independently contributing to risk of incomplete colonoscopies.

Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective Reductive Coupling of Imines and Internal Alkynes.

Chiral allyl amines are important structural components in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and chiral catalysts. Herein, we report a cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective reductive coupling of imines with internal alkynes to synthesize chiral allyl amines. The reaction is catalyzed by a cobalt complex derived from commercially available bisphosphine ligand utilizing zinc as the electron donor.

Marine-Derived Compound Targeting mTOR and FGFR-2: A Promising Strategy for Breast, Lung, and Colorectal Cancer Therapy.

Introduction: The marine habitat is a plentiful source of diverse, active compounds that are extensively utilised for their medicinal properties. Pharmaceutical trends have currently changed towards utilising a diverse range of goods derived from the marine environment.

Method: This study aimed to examine the inhibitory effects of bioactive chemicals derived from marine algae and bacteria.

Natural Hydrogel-based Drug Delivery System: A Global Scenario, Current Development, and Future Prospective.

Pharmaceutical giants (e.g., Ashland, Bausch & Lomb, Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic, Neurelis, etc.

New Insights into the Modifications and Bioactivities of Indole-3-Carboxaldehyde and its Derivatives as a Potential Scaffold for Drug Design: A Mini-Review.

Indole, a ubiquitous structural motif in bioactive compounds, has played a pivotal role in drug discovery. Among indole derivatives, indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A) has emerged as a particularly promising scaffold for the development of therapeutic agents. This review delves into the recent advancements in the chemical modification of I3A and its derivatives, highlighting their potential applications in various therapeutic areas.

Racism and Postpartum Blood Pressure in a Multiethnic Prospective Cohort.

Background: Postpartum hypertension is a key factor in racial-ethnic inequities in maternal mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that experiences of racism, both structural and interpersonal, may contribute to disparities. We examined associations between gendered racial microaggressions (GRMs) during obstetric care with postpartum blood pressure (BP).

Technology and Dementia Preconference.

Background: The escalating prevalence of dementia in Africa, propelled by rapidly ageing population, necessitates innovative approaches to raise awareness and address associated challenges. The prevalent misconception of dementia as a result of witchcraft or wizardry is a challenge, and the media acts as a key agent in dispelling such myths. By reaching divers audiences, the media reinforces the notion that dementia is not confined to Africa alone but it is a global concern.