Reverse shock index multiplied by the motor component of the Glasgow Coma Scale predicts mortality and need for intervention in pediatric trauma patients.

Background: Timely identification of high-risk pediatric trauma patients and appropriate resource mobilization may lead to improved outcomes. We hypothesized that reverse shock index times the motor component of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (rSIM) would perform equivalently to reverse shock index times the total GCS (rSIG) in the prediction of mortality and the need for intervention following pediatric trauma.

Methods: The 2017-2020 National Trauma Data Bank data sets were used.

Leaders laughing in the line of fire: An emotional aperture perspective on leader laughter in response to critical questions.

Leaders are frequently put in the difficult position of repudiating critical questions in front of their followers. To help manage this situation, leaders sometimes express laughter in the hopes that it will "lubricate" their interaction and reduce perceptions that they are aggressive or confrontational with the critical questioner. Ironically, leaders' laughter may backfire by diminishing their apparent friendliness and approachability in the eyes of the witnessing followers.

Availability of antimalarial medicines and inventory management at the community level: a case study of Bugesera district in Rwanda.

Background: Malaria is a public health hazard globally, with Sub-Saharan Africa accounting for more than 90% of malaria deaths, primarily affecting children under the age of five. In Rwanda, malaria interventions include the availability of antimalarial medications, notably Artemisinin-based combination treatments (ACTs) and quick diagnostic test kits (RDTs). However, the availability of antimalarial medicines and its related inventory management at community level in Rwanda has yet to be identified.

An empirical comparison of some missing data treatments in PLS-SEM.

PLS-SEM is frequently used in applied studies as an excellent tool for examining causal-predictive associations of models for theory development and testing. Missing data are a common problem in empirical analysis, and PLS-SEM is no exception. A comprehensive review of the PLS-SEM literature reveals a high preference for the listwise deletion and mean imputation methods in dealing with missing values.

Barriers to access of maternal health commodities among pregnant women in public health facilities in Ubungo Municipal Council, Tanzania.

Background: Access to maternal health commodities improves maternal outcome and reduce maternal deaths. Tanzania has put in place the fee exemption policy for mothers to access maternal health commodities for free, however, the implementation of user fee exemption has been challenging. Therefore, this study explored the barriers to access of maternal health commodities among pregnant women in public health facilities at Ubungo Municipal Council, Tanzania.

Contraceptive uses among married women in Bangladesh: a systematic review and meta-analyses.

Background: Although Bangladesh's economy has shown significant improvement over the past two decades, the high population growth rate has hindered development efforts. This study aimed to review the prevalence of different contraceptive methods used among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh, which could help control the population growth rate.

Methods: We conducted an extensive literature review and meta-analysis of 82 articles, identifying 20 articles for analysis.

Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Rheumatology Patients and Management Practices in the United Arab Emirates: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction Prior to immunosuppression, rheumatology patients are routinely screened for latent tuberculosis (TB) infection using interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs). Variability in the management of latent and indeterminate IGRA results across institutions limited long-term outcome data. A retrospective study was conducted at Tawam Hospital, United Arab Emirates, to investigate the incidence and management protocols associated with positive and indeterminate IGRA results, as well as TB infection, among patients with rheumatic conditions.

Enrollment and clients' satisfaction with a community-based health insurance scheme: a community-based survey in Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Although the Ethiopian government has implemented a community-based health insurance (CBHI) program, community enrollment and clients' satisfaction have not been well investigated in Gondar Zuria district, Northwest Ethiopia. This study assessed CBHI scheme enrollment, clients' satisfaction, and associated factors among households in the district.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey assessed CBHI scheme enrollment and clients' satisfaction among households in Gondar Zuria district, Northwest Ethiopia, from May to June 2022.

Scenario analysis on co-benefits of air pollution control and carbon reduction in Yangtze River Delta based on STIRPAT model.

In a changing climate, it is vital to focus on the co-benefits of the pollution control and carbon emission reduction. Based on calculation of emission equivalent, the synergy coefficient is further calculated to quantitatively analyze the co-benefits of air pollution control and carbon reduction in the Yangtze River Delta; Scenario analysis in co-benefits in the Yangtze River Delta from 2026-2035 is thoroughly proposed after STIRPAT model is designed based on influencing factors confirmation including population size, economic scale, industrialization level, urbanization rate and energy intensity from measuring dimensions of synergy coefficient. The results show that the Yangtze River Delta region can partially achieve synergistic emission reduction by 2026 and realize comprehensive synergistic emission reduction of air pollution and carbon emissions not late than 2030, which provides a reference for promoting the decision-making of the new stage of long-term carbon and pollution reduction, and further, realizing carbon peak regulation and carbon neutrality.

Clinicopathological analysis of BRAF and non-BRAF MAPK pathway-altered gliomas in paediatric and adult patients: a single-institution study of 40 patients.

Aims: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway alteration is a major oncogenic driver in paediatric low-grade gliomas (LGG) and some adult gliomas, encompassing BRAF (most common) and non-BRAF alterations. The aim was to determine the frequency, molecular spectrum and clinicopathological features of MAPK-altered gliomas in paediatric and adult patients at our neuropathology site in Kuwait.

Methods: We retrospectively searched the data of molecularly sequenced gliomas between 2018 and 2023 for MAPK alterations, revised the pathology in view of the 2021 WHO classification and evaluated the clinicopathological data for possible correlations.

Does blockchain technology matter for supply chain resilience in dynamic environments? The role of supply chain integration.

This study aims to empirically investigate the effect of blockchain technology (BCT) adoption on supply chain resilience (SCR), with the mediating role of supply chain integration (SCI) and the crucial effect of environmental dynamism (ED) as a moderator. Based on data collected from firms operating in the automotive industry in India, the proposed model was tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equations Modelling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS software. The empirical results showed a positive effect of BCT on SCI, which in turn affects SCR.

Energy efficient virtual machines placement in cloud datacenters using genetic algorithm and adaptive thresholds.

Cloud computing platform provides on-demand IT services to users and advanced the technology. The purpose of virtualization is to improve the utilization of resources and reduce power consumption. Energy consumption is a major issue faced by data centers management.

An examination of retracted articles in nursing literature.

Introduction: The output of scholarly publications in scientific literature has increased exponentially in recent years. This increase in literature has been accompanied by an increase in retractions. Although some of these may be attributed to publishing errors, many are the result of unsavory research practices.

Determinants of multimorbidity in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review of longitudinal studies and discovery of evidence gaps.

Multimorbidity-the coexistence of at least two chronic health conditions within the same individual-is an important global health challenge. In high-income countries (HICs), multimorbidity is dominated by non-communicable diseases (NCDs); whereas, the situation may be different in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where chronic communicable diseases remain prominent. The aim of this systematic review was to identify determinants (including risk and protective factors) and potential mechanisms underlying multimorbidity from published longitudinal studies across diverse population-based or community-dwelling populations in LMICs.

Child stunting prevalence determination at sector level in Rwanda using small area estimation.

Background: Stunting among children under 5 years of age remains a worldwide concern, with 148.1 million (22.3%) stunted in 2022.

Saying no: The negative ramifications from invitation declines are less severe than we think.

People are frequently invited to join others for fun social activities. They may be invited to lunch, to attend a sporting event, to watch the season finale of a television show, and so forth. Invitees-those who are on the receiving ends of invitations-sometimes accept invitations from inviters-those who extend invitations-but other times, invitees decline.

Integrated social-ecological data for regional natural resource management.

Natural resource managers need information about both human and natural systems and interactions between those systems. Much data is available, but mostly from disparate sources and data have often been collected at different time steps and at different geographic scales. We used insights from the literature to select 270 relevant variables, available at national scale, from 33 unique (Australian) data sources.

Socio-demographic and economic factors associated with the consumption of processed foods in South Africa - Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey VII.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to examine the socio-demographic and economic factors associated with the consumption of processed foods in South Africa.

Study Design: This is an empirical study where secondary data analysis was performed from the South African Demographic and Health Survey VII.

Methods: A nationally representative sample of 10,336 participants (aged ≥15 years) was included in the analysis.

Challenges for research uptake for health policymaking and practice in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review.

Background: An estimated 85% of research resources are wasted worldwide, while there is growing demand for context-based evidence-informed health policymaking. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), research uptake for health policymaking and practice is even lower, while little is known about the barriers to the translation of health evidence to policy and local implementation. We aimed to compile the current evidence on barriers to uptake of research in health policy and practice in LMICs using scoping review.

Do environmental taxes, environmental innovation, and energy resources matter for environmental sustainability: Evidence of five sustainable economies.

This study explores the relationship between environmental taxation, environmental technologies, energy resources, and consumption-based carbon emissions in five leading green economies from 2000 to 2019. The study applied the Cross-Sectional Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) model to derive benchmark results, with Augmented Mean Group (AMG) and Common Correlated Effect Mean Group (CCEMG) techniques being utilized for conducting robustness analyses. The empirical findings suggest that environmental taxation, environmental innovations, and the consumption of renewable energy are associated with a reduction in consumption-based carbon emissions, thereby contributing to enhanced environmental sustainability.

Do intelligent leaders differentiate exchange relationships intelligently? A functional leadership approach to leader-member exchange differentiation.

The burgeoning literature on leader-member exchange (LMX) differentiation indicates that differentiating LMX relationships within groups has both benefits and costs when it comes to group effectiveness. Although some clarity is emerging surrounding the null total effect of LMX differentiation on group performance, we still know little about how leaders themselves shape the differentiation process. In this article, we extend theory to suggest that some leaders may differentiate more effectively than others.

Performance management system and its role for employee performance: Evidence from Ethiopian SMEs.

Small and mediumenterprises (SMEs) are crucial to Ethiopia's economy in creating jobs and reducing poverty. Despite the extensive literature on performance management systems (PMS) and employee productivity, there remain unanswered questions regarding which PMS predictors most effectively contribute to improved employee performance. This study aims to investigate the role of PMS in enhancing employee productivity in Ethiopian SMEs using both qualitative methods such as a literature review alongside quantitative techniques like linear regression analysis based on primary & secondary data sources.

Towards integrated, and sustainable municipal solid waste management system in Shashemane city administration, Ethiopia.

Solid waste generation is attested to be unavoidable product of human activities. Sustainable management of such waste is a pressing challenge faced in many developing countries today. The study was motivated by the fast growing population and the inefficient waste management system threatening the public health and the image of Shashemene city in Ethiopia.

Corrigendum: Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine confidence among primary care providers in Kazakhstan, March-April 2021.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.