Platelet proteomics: Clinical implications - Decoding the black box!

Platelets are anucleate blood cells traditionally associated with hemostasis but now increasingly recognized for their multifaceted roles in immunity, inflammation, and tissue repair. Advances in platelet proteomics, employing high-throughput techniques such as mass spectrometry, have significantly enhanced our understanding of platelet biology and its clinical implications in transfusion medicine. Platelet proteomics offers a retrospective view of physiological and pathological changes over the platelet's 7-10-day lifespan, making it a unique tool for studying cumulative biological events.

Design, synthesis, and characterization of an Ag-Bi-S-based multifunctional nanotheranostic platform.

This paper reports an Ag-Bi-S-based nanotheranostic platform with an ingeniously designed heterostructure, an appropriate size, and good imaging and therapy performances. By comparing the fluorescence property and Bi element content, the optimal heterostructure was demonstrated to be AgS/BiS core/shell. The hydrophilic AgS/BiS-PEG nanocrystals with hydrodynamic diameter of 37.

Enzyme-Responsive Nanoparachute for Targeted miRNA Delivery: A Protective Strategy Against Acute Liver and Kidney Injury.

MicroRNA (miRNA)-based therapy holds significant potential; however, its structural limitations pose a challenge to the full exploitation of its biomedical functionality. Framework nucleic acids are promising owing to their transportability, biocompatibility, and functional editability. MiRNA-125 is embedded into a nucleic acid framework to create an enzyme-responsive nanoparachute (NP), enhancing the miRNA loading capacity while preserving the attributes of small-scale framework nucleic acids and circumventing the uncertainty related to RNA exposure in conventional loading methods.

Alterations of Oscillatory Activity and Cognitive Function After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) can lead to cognitive impairment, but underlying neural mechanisms remain to be elucidated.

Materials And Methods: To predict long-term cognitive impairment after aSAH, resting electroencephalography (EEG) was measured in 112 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of aSAH (n = 66) or unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA; controls) (n = 46). A neuropsychological battery was administered 8 to 24 months after discharge.

LPSGM: A Unified Flexible Large PSG Model for Sleep Staging and Mental Disorder Diagnosis.

We present the Large PSG Model (LPSGM), a unified and flexible framework for sleep staging and disease diagnosis using polysomnography (PSG) data. LPSGM is designed to address the challenges of cross-center generalization in sleep staging and to enable fine-tuning for downstream disease diagnosis tasks. LPSGM introduces a unified training framework for heterogeneous datasets and allows flexible channel input adjustments during inference.

Platelet-derived biomaterials for targeted drug delivery and tissue repair.

Platelets are nucleic-free cells with a lifespan of 7-10 days in the bloodstream, playing a crucial role in various physiological processes such as hemostasis, thrombus formation, tumor development and metastasis, inflammation, and host defense. By utilizing the unique structural and functional characteristics of platelets, platelet-modified nano-drugs can evade immune recognition and clearance and facilitate prolonged circulation , which ultimately allows the nanoparticles to reach sites of disease such as thrombi, tumors, inflammation, or bacterial infections, leading to specific adhesion and significantly enhancing the efficiency of targeted drug delivery. This paper reviews the novel design and application of platelet-derived biomaterials in various diseases in recent years and comprehensively demonstrates the potential of platelet-derived biomaterials in the fields of disease therapy and biodefence, which will provide a reference for advancing the development of platelet-derived biomaterials and clinical practice.

PTSP-BERT: Predict the thermal stability of proteins using sequence-based bidirectional representations from transformer-embedded features.

Thermophilic proteins, mesophiles proteins and psychrophilic proteins have wide industrial applications, as enzymes with different optimal temperatures are often needed for different purposes. Convenient methods are needed to determine the optimal temperatures for proteins; however, laboratory methods for this purpose are time-consuming and laborious, and existing machine learning methods can only perform binary classification of thermophilic and non-thermophilic proteins, or psychrophilic and non-psychrophilic proteins. Here, we developed a deep learning model, PSTP-BERT, based on protein sequences that can directly perform Three classes identification of thermophilic, mesophilic, and psychrophilic proteins.

Long-term outcome of the vaginoscopic approach for infantile vaginal yolk sac tumors: A case report.

Introduction: Infantile vaginal yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare and aggressive form of pediatric cancer that often presents with bloody discharge. Despite advances in chemotherapy, managing post-chemotherapy AFP level rebounds remains a challenge. This case report describes a 7-month-old girl with vaginal YST whose AFP levels rose following 3 cycles of PEB chemotherapy.

Inflammation-reducing thermosensitive hydrogel with photothermal conversion for skin cancer therapy.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has widely been utilized for postoperative treatment of skin cancer, while high temperature, usually >50 °C, would induce damage to healthy tissue and increased wound inflammation. Herein, we developed an "all in one" hydrogel to enhance mild PTT for postoperative skin cancer treatment while circumventing photothermo-induced inflammation by loading quercetin (Que)-coated tannin‑iron (TA-Fe) nanoparticles with poly (N-acrylylglycine) amine (PNAGA) hydrogel (Que@TA-Fe@PNAGA). Exposure to near-infrared light, Que.

State-dependent inter-network functional connectivity development in neonatal brain from the developing human connectome project.

Although recent studies have consistently reported the emergence of resting-state networks in early infancy, the changes in inter-network functional connectivity with age are controversial and the alterations in its dynamics remain unclear at this stage. This study aimed to investigate dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) using resting-state functional MRI in 244 full-term (age: 37-44 weeks) and 36 preterm infants (age: 37-43 weeks) from the dHCP dataset. We evaluated whether early dFNC exhibits age-dependent changes and is influenced by preterm birth.

A shape-adaptive hydrogel with dual antibacterial and osteogenic properties for alveolar bone defect repair.

Alveolar bone defects are often irregular in shape and can severely affect patients' physical and psychological well-being, posing significant challenges in treatment, particularly in cases complicated by systemic diseases. This study presents a shape-adaptive hydrogel with sequential antibacterial and osteogenic functions designed to repair irregular bone defects associated with osteoporosis. Naringin, an estrogen analogue, was conjugated to the hydrogel disulfide bonds and then uniformly mixed with nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAP) to create microspheres.

Altered dynamic functional connectivity in antagonistic state in first-episode, drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder.

Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is known to be characterized by disrupted brain functional network connectivity (FNC) patterns, while the dynamic change mode of different functional networks is unclear. This study aimed to characterize specific dynamic alterations pattern on intrinsic FNC in MDD by combining static FNC (sFNC) and dynamic FNC (dFNC).

Methods: A total of 48 first-episode drug-naïve MDD and 48 matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study.

Glycerol Modulated Collagen Fibril Evolution and Lamellar Organization for Biomimetic Corneal Substitutes Construction.

Collagen as the main structural component of the cornea exhibits unique and highly organized fibril lamellae, which contribute to the maintenance of corneal structure and transparency. Nevertheless, collagen assembly in vitro to create ideal artificial corneal substitutes with human cornea comparable thickness and optics is still limited. Here, glycerol as a regulator can reconcile collagen thickness, transparency, and permeability, a conflicting goal by current keratoprosthesis strategies.

Precision Thermostability Predictions: Leveraging Machine Learning for Examining Laccases and Their Associated Genes.

Laccases, multi-copper oxidases, play pivotal roles in the oxidation of a variety of substrates, impacting numerous biological functions and industrial processes. However, their industrial adoption has been limited by challenges in thermostability. This study employed advanced computational models, including random forest (RF) regressors and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to predict and enhance the thermostability of laccases.

Comparison of Effects of Plasma Surface Modifications of Bamboo and Hemp Fibers on Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites.

In this study, we investigated the behaviors of epoxy composites reinforced with bamboo (BF) and hemp (HF) fibers. Both fibers were treated using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma for various durations (2.5 to 20 min).

Structural diversity of Alzheimer-related protein aggregations revealed using photothermal ratio-metric micro-spectroscopy.

The crucial link between pathological protein aggregations and lipids in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is increasingly recognized, yet its spatial dynamics remain challenging for labeling-based microscopy. Here, we demonstrate photothermal ratio-metric infrared spectro-microscopy (PRISM) to investigate the structural and molecular compositions of pathological features in brain tissues at submicron resolution. By identifying the vibrational spectroscopic signatures of protein secondary structures and lipids, PRISM tracks the structural dynamics of pathological proteins, including amyloid and hyperphosphorylated Tau (pTau).

Long-Term Function Recovery Following Upper Versus Lower Lobectomy for Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: The effects of lobectomy at various lung sites on postoperative function and recovery vary. This study aimed at assessing the long-term impact of upper versus lower lobectomy on patients' postoperative daily function by analyzing patient-reported outcomes.

Methods: This multicenter prospective cohort study enrolled patients from six hospitals in China.

Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species - "Nanosweeper" for Rheumatoid Arthritis Theranostics by Macrophage Reprogramming.

Excessive reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) accumulation in joints are significant variables that affect the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Scavenging of RONS to remodel macrophage homeostasis is a potentially powerful treatment for RA. Here, a visualized "nanosweeper" by functionalizing ultrasmall Gd/FeO nanoparticles with thiol-polyethylene glycol-phosphoric acid and 2-(3-(2-aminophenyl)ureido) ethyl methacrylate hydrochloride (APUEMA), namely GIA NPs, can simultaneously scavenge both nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as enhance magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis and therapy of RA.

A phage amplification-assisted SEA-CRISPR/Cas12a system for viable bacteria detection.

Rapid and accurate detection of viable bacteria is essential for the clinical diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and for making effective therapeutic decisions. However, most current molecular diagnostic techniques are unable to differentiate between viable and non-viable bacteria. In this study, we introduce a novel isothermal platform that integrates strand exchange amplification (SEA) with the CRISPR/Cas12a system, thereby enhancing both the sensitivity and specificity of the assay and achieving detection of phage DNA at concentrations as low as 4 × 10 copies per μL.

Time-hybrid OSAformer (THO): A hybrid temporal sequence transformer for accurate detection of obstructive sleep apnea via single-lead ECG signals.

Background And Objective: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is among the most sleep-related breathing disorders, capable of causing severe neurological and cardiovascular complications if left untreated. The conventional diagnosis of OSA relies on polysomnography, which involves multiple electrodes and expert supervision. A promising alternative is single-channel Electrocardiogram (ECG) based diagnosis due to its simplicity and relevance.

One-Step Electrochemical Modification of PEDOT:PSS/PBNPs Hybrid Hydrogel on the Screen-Printed Electrode Surface for Highly Sensitive Detection of Creatinine.

Creatinine (CRE) is frequently measured in clinical practice due to its recognized significance as a pivotal biomarker across a spectrum of renal and cardiovascular disorders. However, the rapid and accurate detection of CRE for assessing kidney and muscle functions remains challenging. Here, we prepared the poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hydrogel uniformly loaded with Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) via a one-step metal-assisted electrochemical modification method on the screen-printed electrode for ultrasensitive CRE detection.