γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) alleviated oxidative damage and programmed cell death in fresh-cut pumpkins.

The regulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on plant anti-oxygenation and programmed cell death (PCD) in fresh-cut pumpkins was investigated. Exogenous GABA positively promoted GABA accumulation and alleviated oxidant damage in pumpkins tissue. Pumpkins treated with GABA showed lower electrolyte leakage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA content, while higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) as compared to the non-treated tissues.

First Report of Phyllosticta capitalensis Causing Black Spot on Radermachera hainanensis Merr. in China.

Radermachera hainanensis Merr. plants are native in south-central and southeast of China. Plants produce large flowers, and are widely cultivated in China as ornamentals.

Influence of fresh-cut process on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism and sensory properties in carrot.

Unlabelled: Effect of fresh-cut procedure on the accumulation of GABA in carrots via γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt and polyamines degradation pathway was investigated. Results showed that fresh-cut processing enhanced glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity and expression levels of and , while reduced GABA transaminase (GABA-T) activity and expression level, which induced the more glutamate (Glu) conversion to GABA. Polyamines (PAs) in shredded carrots were significantly lower than the whole, due to the elevated activities of diamine oxidase (DAO), polyamine oxidase (PAO) and aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase (AMADH) and expression level, which indicated that the polyamines degradation pathway was activated and more PAs were converted to GABA.

[Cloning and functional analysis of the phenylalaninammo-nialyase gene from Rhododendron fortunei].

Phenylalaninammo-nialyase (PAL) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of methyl benzoate - a plant aroma compound. In order to understand the function of this enzyme in the formation of fragrance in the scented species-, we cloned a gene encoding this enzyme and subsequently examined the gene expression patterns and the profile of enzyme activity during development in various tissues. The full length of gene was cloned by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) techniques.

[Identification of laccase gene family members in peach and its relationship with chilling induced browning].

The laccase () gene family members in peach fruit were identified and the relationship between their expression pattern and chilling induced browning were investigated. The study was performed using two varieties of peaches with different chilling tolerance, treated with or without exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) during cold storage. Twenty-six genes were screened from the peach fruit genome.

Evaluating the effect of diclofenac on hydrogen production by anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge.

Hydrogen production from waste-activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic fermentation is considered to be an effective method of resource recovery. However, the presence of a large number of complex organic compounds in sludge will affect the biological hydrogen production process. As an extensively applied prevalent anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac (DCF) is inevitably released into the environment.

Comparative Genomics Reveals Evolutionary Drivers of Sessile Life and Left-right Shell Asymmetry in Bivalves.

Bivalves are species-rich mollusks with prominent protective roles in coastal ecosystems. Across these ancient lineages, colony-founding larvae anchor themselves either by byssus production or by cemented attachment. The latter mode of sessile life is strongly molded by left-right shell asymmetry during larval development of Ostreoida oysters such as Crassostrea hongkongensis.

Complete Genome Sequence of sp. Strain C5510, Isolated from Pacific Ocean Seawater.

We report the complete genome sequence of sp. strain C5510, obtained by Oxford Nanopore and Illumina sequencing. The approximately 4.

Corrigendum: Heat Shock Protein HSP24 Is Involved in the BABA-Induced Resistance to Fungal Pathogen in Postharvest Grapes Underlying an NPR1-Dependent Manner.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.

Characterization and tissue expression analysis of mitochondrial creatine kinases (types I and II) from .

The aim of this study was to characterize the functions of the mitochondrial creatine kinases in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (PSCK-MT1 and PSCK-MT2) to characterize function in relation to hibernation. Computational prediction via molecular dynamics simulations showed that PSCK-MT1 had stronger kinase- and creatine-binding affinity than PSCK-MT2. We measured PSCK-MT1 and PSCK-MT2 levels in the myocardium, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and ovary of before and after hibernation and found that the expression of these enzymes was the most significantly upregulated in the ovary.

Identification and expression pattern of the sex determination gene fruitless-like in Cherax quadricarinatus.

The fruitless (fru) gene has an important function in the courtship behavior and sex determination pathway of Drosophila melanogaster; however, the fru gene has never been reported in shrimps. In this study, the fruitless-like gene was identified in Cherax quadricarinatus (Cqfru) and is reported here for the first time. A sequence analysis revealed a conserved BTB domain in Cqfru which is the same as fru in D.

Simultaneous Detection of Seven Toxins in Mixed Fruit Puree by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Coupled with a Modified QuEChERS.

The presence of toxins (Ts) in fruit purees may cause potential harm to the life and health of consumers. As time passes, Ts have become the key detection objects in this kind of food. Based on this, a novel and rapid method was established in this paper for the simultaneous detection of seven TS (tenuazonic acid, alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, altenuene, tentoxin, altenusin, and altertoxin I) in mixed fruit purees using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Detection of Melanogenesis and Anti-Apoptosis-Associated Melanoma Factors: Array CGH and PPI Mapping Integrating Study.

Background: We investigated melanogenesis- and anti-apoptosis-related melanoma factors in melanoma cells (TXM1, TXM18, A375P, and A375SM).

Objective: To find melanoma associated hub factor, high-throughput screening-based techniques integrating with bioinformatics were investigated.

Methods: Array CGH analysis was conducted with a commercial system.

Transcriptomic profile of human erythroleukemia cells in response to Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide and its structure analysis.

Sargassum fusiforme (S. fusiforme) has been used as an ingredient in Chinese herbal medicine for thousands of years. However, there are a limited number of studies concerning its therapeutic mechanism.

Dispersal patterns in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra): Integrating multiyear demographic and molecular data.

Dispersal is a fundamental process in the functioning of animal societies as it regulates the degree to which closely related individuals are spatially concentrated. A species' dispersal pattern can be complex as it emerges from individuals' decisions shaped by the cost-benefit tradeoffs associated with either remaining in the natal group or dispersing. Given the potential complexity, combining long-term demographic information with molecular data can provide important insights into dispersal patterns of a species.

Ancient DNA of the pygmy marmoset type specimen (Spix, 1823) resolves a taxonomic conundrum.

The pygmy marmoset, the smallest of the anthropoid primates, has a broad distribution in Western Amazonia. Recent studies using molecular and morphological data have identified two distinct species separated by the Napo and Solimões-Amazonas rivers. However, reconciling this new biological evidence with current taxonomy, i.

sp. nov. an aniline blue-decolourizing bacterium isolated from East Pacific sediment.

Aniline blue-decolourizing bacterial strain 502str22, isolated from sediment collected in the East Pacific, was subjected to characterization by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 502str22 belongs to the genus , with closely related type strains '' F72 (97.6%), SM117 (97.

Activation of the BABA-induced priming defence through redox homeostasis and the modules of TGA1 and MAPKK5 in postharvest peach fruit.

The priming of defence responses in pathogen-challenged model plants undergoes a preparation phase and an expression phase for defence function. However, the priming response in postharvest fruits has not been elucidated. Here, we found that 50 mM β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) treatment could induce two distinct pathways linked with TGA1-related systemic acquired resistance (SAR), resulting in the alleviation of Rhizopus rot in postharvest peach fruit.

Large-Scale Plasma Peptidomic Profiling Reveals a Novel, Nontoxic, -Derived Antimicrobial Peptide against Foodborne Pathogens.

Antimicrobial peptides are a fundamental component of mollusks' defense systems, though they remain a thinly investigated subject. Here, infection by triggered a significant increase in antimicrobial activity in oyster plasma. By using PBS-challenged oysters as a control, plasma peptides from immunologically challenged oysters were subjected to peptidomic profiling and in silico data mining to identify bioactive peptides.

Alterations in Sucrose and Phenylpropanoid Metabolism Affected by BABA-Primed Defense in Postharvest Grapes and the Associated Transcriptional Mechanism.

Defense elicitors can induce fruit disease resistance to control postharvest decay but may incur quality impairment. Our present work aimed to investigate the resistance against induced by the elicitor β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) and to elucidate the specific transcriptional mechanism implicated in defense-related metabolic regulations. The functional dissection results demonstrated that, after inoculation with the fungal necrotroph , a suite of critical genes encoding enzymes related to the sucrose metabolism and phenylpropanoid pathway in priming defense in grapes were transcriptionally induced by treatment with 10 mM BABA.

BdPUL12 depolymerizes β-mannan-like glycans into mannooligosaccharides and mannose, which serve as carbon sources for Bacteroides dorei and gut probiotics.

Symbiotic bacteria, including members of the Bacteroides genus, are known to digest dietary fibers in the gastrointestinal tract. The metabolism of complex carbohydrates is restricted to a specified subset of species and is likely orchestrated by polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) in these microorganisms. β-Mannans are plant cell wall polysaccharides that are commonly found in human nutrients.

In-depth research on percarbonate expediting zero-valent iron corrosion for conditioning anaerobically digested sludge.

Anaerobically digested sludge (ADS) is commonly hard to dewater for the presence of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and the liberation of glutinous soluble microbic products during anaerobic digestion. Sodium percarbonate (SPC) expediting zero-valent iron (ZVI) corrosion (SPC/ZVI) process firstly conditioned ADS to amend its dewaterability. Results showed that SPC/ZVI conditioning decreased moisture content of dewatered cake from 90.

Effect of slurry ice during storage on myofibrillar protein of .

In order to explore the effect of slurry ice on myofibrillar protein of , the changes in myofibrillar protein and muscle microstructure during storage were studied with crushed ice as a control. During the storage period, the rate of decrease in myofibrillar protein content, Ca-ATPase activity, and total sulfhydryl groups in the slurry ice group was lower than in the control group ( < .05).

Reproductive endocrinology of wild female woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha poeppigii) during puberty, ovarian cyclicity, and pregnancy.

Behavioral observations can provide clues about female reproductive status. However, the study of the endocrine dynamics that underlie processes such as puberty, ovulation, conception, and gestation, may help increase our understanding of female reproductive biology. We used noninvasive methods to study female reproductive endocrinology in wild woolly monkeys (genus Lagothrix).