Acute Salinity Stress Disrupts Gut Microbiota Homeostasis and Reduces Network Connectivity and Cooperation in Razor Clam Sinonovacula constricta.

Accumulating evidence demonstrates that it is of great importance to maintain a stable and functional gut microbial community for host's growth and health. However, gut microenvironment is constantly affected by diverse environmental factors. Salinity can cause stress, including hypersaline or hyposaline stress to aquatic species, thereby affecting their growth conditions.

Ultrasonic synergistic slightly acidic electrolyzed water processing to improve postharvest storage quality of Chinese bayberry.

In the postharvest storage of Chinese bayberry, microbial loads and exogenous contaminants pose significant challenges, leading to rapid decay and deterioration in quality. This study introduced a synergistic approach, combining ultrasonics and slightly acidic electrolyzed water (US + SAEW), to enhance the postharvest storage quality of Chinese bayberry. This approach was benchmarked against conventional water washing (CW), standalone ultrasonic (US), and slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) processing.

Sampling efficiency of a polyurethane foam air sampler: Effect of temperature.

Effective monitoring of atmospheric concentrations is vital for assessing the Stockholm Convention's effectiveness on persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This task, particularly challenging in polar regions due to low air concentrations and temperature fluctuations, requires robust sampling techniques. Furthermore, the influence of temperature on the sampling efficiency of polyurethane foam discs remains unclear.

Increased ascorbic acid synthesis by overexpression of AcGGP3 ameliorates copper toxicity in kiwifruit.

The widespread application of copper (Cu) -based fertilizers and pesticides could increase the accumulation of Cu in kiwifruit. According to a global survey, red- and yellow-fleshed kiwifruit contained more elevated amounts of Cu than green-fleshed kiwifruit due to weaker disease resistance and higher use of Cu pesticides. Intriguingly, our research revealed that external and endogenous ascorbic acid (AsA) reduced the phenotypic and physiological injury of Cu toxicity in kiwifruit.

Multifunctional properties of the transmembrane LPxTG-motif protein derived from Limosilactobacillus reuteri SH-23.

The LPxTG-motif protein is an important transmembrane protein with high hydrophilicity and stability, as evidenced by its stress tolerance and adhesion ability. In this study, a novel LPxTG-motif protein with esterase activity (LEP) was expressed, and the multifunctional properties such as adhesion properties and esterase activity were also investigated. When cocultured with Limosilactobacillus reuteri SH-23, the adhesion ability of L.

MicroRNA transcriptome analysis for elucidating the immune mechanism of the redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus under Decapod iridescent virus 1 infection.

Redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) is a large, tropical freshwater crustacean species with considerable potential of commercial production. In recent years, infection with DIV1 in redclaw crayfish is being reported in aquaculture industries, causing high mortality and huge economic losses. However, many characteristics of this virus, including pathogenesis, transmission mechanism, and host immunity, remain largely unknown.

Zoonotic Transmission of Hepatic Hydatid Cyst from Domestic Dogs: A Case Report from an Urban-Marginal Area in Ecuador.

BACKGROUND Hepatic hydatidosis, or echinococcosis, is a zoonosis with worldwide prevalence and is potentially lethal in humans. This report presents a case of hydatidosis in a 40-year-old woman that was associated with a zoonotic transmission of Echinococcus granulosus from domestic dogs in an urban-marginal area of the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador. This report shows how early diagnosis and awareness favored the correct treatment of the disease.

Newly formed phenolics selectively bound to the graded polysaccharides of lychee pulp during heat pump drying using UPLC-ESI-QqQ-TOF-MS/MS.

Our study investigated heat pump drying (HPD) effects on phenolic-polysaccharide adducts of three lychee pulp grades, their composition and bound phenolic contents. During HPD, the hexose content in water soluble polysaccharide (WSP) increased continuously, and the pentose and glucuronic acid contents in WSP and dilute alkali soluble pectin (ASP) together with the hexose content in ASP increased initially and then decreased due to polysaccharide hydrolases pectinase, polygalacturonase and cellulase. After HPD, the bound phenolic content in WSP, ASP and water unextractable polysaccharide (WUP) significantly increased.

The transcription factor masculinizer in sexual differentiation and achieved full functional sex reversal in prawn.

Some Zinc finger (ZnF) proteins are required for masculinization in silkworms. In the present study, a masculinizer gene (Mr-Masc) with multi-tissue expression is identified in the freshwater prawn . The Mr-Masc is clustered into a separate branch with ZnF proteins from decapoda by phylogenetic tree analysis.

Paternity data reveal high MHC diversity among sires in a polygynandrous, egalitarian primate.

Evidence from human and nonhuman primates suggests that females avoid breeding with close kin and may choose mates based on MHC diversity, which can improve offspring survival. In despotic societies, female mate choice may be hindered by male sexual coercion, but in egalitarian societies, females may be less constrained. Among northern muriquis-an egalitarian, polygynandrous primate with male philopatry-analyses of new data on paternity and variation at microsatellite and MHC loci, combined with behavioural and life-history data, revealed that sires showed higher MHC diversity than expected by chance and were never close kin of dams, consistent with predictions of female mate choice and close inbreeding avoidance.

Evidence for RA-dependent meiosis onset in a turtle embryo.

Meiotic entry is one of the earliest sex determination events of the germ cell in higher vertebrates. Although advances in meiosis onset have been achieved in mammals, birds and fish, how this process functions in reptiles is largely unknown. In this study, we present the molecular analysis of meiosis onset and the role of retinoic acid (RA) in this process in the red-eared slider turtle.

Involvement of a MYB Transcription Factor in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis during Chinese Bayberry () Fruit Ripening.

Anthocyanin is a class of water-soluble flavonoids found in Chinese bayberry () that is not only responsible for the variety of colors visible in nature but also has numerous health-promoting benefits in humans. Through comparative transcriptomics, we isolated and identified a transcription factor (TF) of the R2R3-MYB type, MrMYB9, in order to explore the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in red and white Chinese bayberries. MrMYB9 transcript was positively correlated with anthocyanin level and anthocyanin biosynthetic gene expression during Chinese bayberry fruit maturation (R-values in the range 0.

[Change in Granulation Potential and Microbial Enrichment Characteristics of Sludge Induced by Microplastics].

Microplastics (MPs), as a new type of pollutant, are widely detected in sewage treatment plants. Currently, research on MPs in traditional sewage treatment systems has mainly been focused on the pollution level and distribution characteristics, with a lack of studying the impact of MPs on the sludge granulation. In order to explore the effect of MPs on the granulation process, a microplastic exposure test was conducted by adding polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs), which are widespread in the environment.

Polysaccharide extracted from the Sargassum fusiforme induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of B16F10 melanoma cells through the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Background: SARGASSUM FUSIFORME: (S. fusiforme) is a brown alga that has been utilized as a medicine for a long time. Polysaccharides extracted from S.

Exogenous gibberellin delays maturation in persimmon fruit through transcriptional activators and repressors.

As the harvest season of most fruit is concentrated, fruit maturation manipulation is essential for the fresh fruit industry to prolong sales time. Gibberellin (GA), an important phytohormone necessary for plant growth and development, has also shown a substantial regulatory effect on fruit maturation; however, its regulatory mechanisms remain inconclusive. In this research, preharvest GA3 treatment effectively delayed fruit maturation in several persimmon (Diospyros kaki) cultivars.

Expression and Functional Analysis of Gene Responding to High Ammonia Stress in Razor Clam ().

Ammonium transporter 1 (AMT1), a member of ammonia (NH/NH) transport proteins, has been found to have ammonia transport activity in plants and microorganisms. However, the functional characteristics and molecular mechanisms of AMT1 in mollusks remain unclear. The razor clam () is a suitable model species to explore the molecular mechanism of ammonia excretion because of the high concentration of ambient ammonia it is exposed to in the clam-fish-shrimp polyculture system.

Anti-Leukemia Activity of Polysaccharide from via the PI3K/AKT/BAD Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro.

Studies have shown that and its extracts are effective herbal treatments for leukemia. We previously found that a polysaccharide from , SFP 2205, stimulated apoptosis in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells. However, the structural characterization and antitumoral mechanisms of SFP 2205 remain uncertain.

Hippo dictates signaling for cellular homeostasis and immune defense in hemocytes.

Introduction: The Hippo signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade that plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. It has been shown to be a key regulator of cell fate and cellular homeostasis in various immune processes. Despite its well-established functions in vertebrate immunity, its roles in marine invertebrate immunity remain poorly understood.

The Effects of Shaking Duration on the Abundance and the Community of Aerobic Denitrifying Bacteria in Shrimp Pond Water and Sediment Samples.

With the rapid development of intensive aquaculture, the considerable release of nitrogenous organic compounds has become a serious threat to aquatic organisms. Currently, isolating autochthonous aerobic denitrifying bacteria (ADB) from aquaculture environments is essential for the biological elimination of nitrogenous pollutants. In this study, the enrichment of ADB from shrimp pond water and sediment samples was conducted under different shaking durations.

Hydrochar mediated anaerobic digestion of bio-wastes: Advances, mechanisms and perspectives.

Bio-wastes treatment and disposal has become a challenge because of their increasing output. Given the abundant organic matter in bio-wastes, its related resource treatment methods have received more and more attention. As a promising strategy, anaerobic digestion (AD) has been widely used in the treatment of bio-wastes, during which not only methane as energy can be recovered but also their reduction can be achieved.

Inhibitory effect of acarbose on tyrosinase: application of molecular dynamics integrating inhibition kinetics.

Due to its clinical and cosmetic applications, investigators have paid attention to tyrosinase (TYR) inhibitor development. In this study, a TYR inhibition study with acarbose was investigated to gain insights into the regulation of the catalytic function. Biochemical assay results indicated that acarbose was turned to be an inhibitor of TYR in a reversible binding manner and probed as a distinctive mixed-type inhibitor via measurement of double-reciprocal kinetic ( = 18.

Loss- and gain-of-function analyses reveal the essential role of Cyp19a1 in ovarian determination of the red-eared slider turtle.

Estrogen signaling exerts a decisive role in female sex determination and differentiation in chicken and fish. Aromatase encoded by Cyp19a1 is the key enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of androgen to estrogen. Correlative analyses implicate the potential involvement of aromatase in reptilian sexual development, however, the direct genetic evidence is lacking.