Novel 8-Methoxycoumarin-3-Carboxamides with potent anticancer activity against liver cancer via targeting caspase-3/7 and β-tubulin polymerization.

In the present study, we explored the potential of coumarin-based compounds, known for their potent anticancer properties, by designing and synthesizing a novel category of 8-methoxycoumarin-3-carboxamides. Our aim was to investigate their antiproliferative activity against liver cancer cells. Toward this, we developed a versatile synthetic approach to produce a series of 8-methoxycoumarin-3-carboxamide analogues with meticulous structural features.

Numerical analysis of radiative hybrid nanomaterials flow across a permeable curved surface with inertial and Joule heating characteristics.

The water-based Cu and CoFeO hybrid nano liquid flow across a permeable curved sheet under the consequences of inertial and Lorentz forces has been reported in this analysis. The Joule heating and Darcy Forchheimer effects on fluid flow have been also examined. In the presence of copper (Cu) and cobalt iron oxide (CoFeO) nanoparticles, the hybrid nano liquid is synthesized.

HPV Vaccine Knowledge and Hesitancy Among Health Colleges' Students at a Saudi University.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a widespread sexually transmitted infection linked to various types of cancer. Although vaccination against HPV is available, global HPV vaccination rates remain low.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the awareness and knowledge of the HPV vaccine and to identify predictors associated with vaccine hesitancy among health college students at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.

The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Uptake Among Patients Visiting a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Influenza vaccination is a subject of importance in Saudi Arabia. The study measured the uptake of annual influenza vaccination from 2019 to 2021 among patients attending outpatient clinic of a University Hospital.  Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study design was used, and the questionnaire was administered by trained interviewers.

Memory T Cells Discrepancies in COVID-19 Patients.

The immune response implicated in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis remains to be fully understood. The present study aimed to clarify the alterations in CD4 and CD8 memory T cells' compartments in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, with an emphasis on various comorbidities affecting COVID-19 patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 35 COVID-19 patients, 16 recovered individuals, and 25 healthy controls, and analyzed using flow cytometry.

Origin of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance, and Their Impacts on Drug Development: A Narrative Review.

Antibiotics have revolutionized medicine, saving countless lives since their discovery in the early 20th century. However, the origin of antibiotics is now overshadowed by the alarming rise in antibiotic resistance. This global crisis stems from the relentless adaptability of microorganisms, driven by misuse and overuse of antibiotics.

Physico-chemical properties of curcumin nanoparticles and its efficacy against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.

Curcumin is a bioactive component with anticancer characteristics; nevertheless, it has poor solubility and fast metabolism, resulting in low bioavailability and so restricting its application. Curcumin loaded in nano emulsions (Cur-NE) was developed to improve water solubility and eliminate all the limitations of curcumin. Size distribution, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements, UV-Visible spectra, IR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), were used to characterize the prepared Cur-NE.

Enhancing Physical and Psychosocial Health of Older Adults in Saudi Arabia through Walking: Comparison between Supervised Group-Based and Non-Supervised Individual-Based Walking.

Walking is widely recognized as one of the most common and effective forms of physical activity, particularly for older adults. This study examined the comparative effects of two types of walking interventions, including supervised group-based intervention (SGBI) and non-supervised individual-based intervention (NSIBI), on frailty syndrome, cognitive functions or skills, and health-related quality of life among sedentary older Saudi individuals. A 15-week double-blinded, randomized controlled trial (RCT) including three groups (two were intervention groups while the other was the control group) was conducted among older adults who were inactive to examine the effect of different forms of walking interventions on frailty syndrome, cognitive functions, and health-related quality of life.

An empirical examination of the environmental sustainability-influencing mechanisms of renewable energy: contextual evidence from Next Eleven countries.

Recognizing the environmental development-related commitments made by the Next Eleven countries at 26th Conference of Parties (COP26), this study scrutinizes the repercussions accompanying good democratic governance, renewable energy transition, economic growth, and the ratification of the Kyoto Protocol on carbon emission figures of these emerging nations. In this regard, the period of analysis considered spans from 1990 to 2018 while the econometric analyses involve application of both parametric and non-parametric panel data estimators. Among the key findings, firstly, the outcomes from the parametric estimation methods verify that establishing better democratic governance and undergoing renewable energy transition, both independently and jointly, curb carbon emission levels, while higher economic growth and the signing of the Kyoto Protocol are responsible for boosting emissions the Next Eleven countries.

Does higher energy efficiency growth homogeneously affect carbon emission growth rate across developing Sub-Saharan African nations? The importance of utilizing clean energy.

Establishing a sustainable environment and acquiring a carbon-neutral status require Sub-Saharan African nations to reduce their year-on-year growth rates of carbon emission levels. Thus, this study considers a sample of 38 countries from this region and selects the time period from 2000 to 2020 for analyzing the annual carbon emission growth rate influencing impacts of energy efficiency, clean energy, institutional quality, international trade, and net receipts of foreign direct investment. Overall, for the full sample of Sub-Saharan African nations, the results verify that the enhancing the growth rate of energy efficiency improvement reduces both total and per capita annual carbon emission growth rates.

Generation of autoantibodies against glycated fibrinogen: Role in diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy.

The process of glycation, characterized by the non-enzymatic reaction between sugars and free amino groups on biomolecules, is a key contributor to the development and progression of both microvascular and macrovascular complications associated with diabetes, particularly due to persistent hyperglycemia. This glycation process gives rise to advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which play a central role in the pathophysiology of diabetes complications, including nephropathy. The d-ribose-mediated glycation of fibrinogen plays a central role in the pathogenesis of diabetes nephropathy (DN) and retinopathy (DR) by the generation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs).

Effect of Adding Physiotherapy Program to the Conservative Medical Therapy on Quality of Life and Pain in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients.

Objective: : To assess the effectiveness of combining physiotherapy techniques with conservative medical treatment in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients.

Methods: : Sixty-eight volunteers with CRS were randomly assigned. Group A received only traditional medical treatment, whereas group B received a physiotherapy program that included pulsed ultrasound therapy, sinus manual drainage techniques, and self-sinus massage technique in addition to traditional medical treatment.

Evaluation of Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second and Forced Vital Capacity from Age and Height for Pulmonary Function Test.

Background: Lung function tests (LFTs) are a collection of clinical examinations used to assess lung function and monitor potential declines in the lungs, respiratory muscles, and chest wall's mechanical performance. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the relation of age and height to lung function.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted at AlHussein Medical City, 70 adult male subjects were enrolled in the study.

Identification of Glycoxidative Lesion in Isolated Low-Density Lipoproteins from Diabetes Mellitus Subjects.

Methylglyoxal (MG) is a precursor for advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which have a significant role in diabetes. The present study is designed to probe the immunological response of native and glycated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in experimental animals. The second part of this study is to probe glycoxidative lesion detection in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in diabetes subjects with varying disease duration.

Garden Cress Seed Oil Abrogates Testicular Oxidative Injury and NF-kB-Mediated Inflammation in Diabetic Mice.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder associated with various complications encompassing male reproductive dysfunction. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of biologically active seed oil (LSO) against the testicular dysfunction associated with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Male adults (n = 24) were divided into four groups: control, LSO-administered, diabetic (D), and LSO-treated diabetic (D+LSO) groups.

Intrarater Reliability Of Cervical Range Of Motion Device Among Adults With And Without Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain.

Objective: To evaluate the intrarater reliability of the cervical range of motion device among adults with and without chronic non-specific neck pain.

Methods: The analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2019 at the Sindh Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Karachi, and comprised healthy adults with no neck pain in the preceding 6 months in Group A, and adults of either gender with chronic non-specific neck pain for >3 months in Group B. The two groups were further divided into age groups 21-30 years, 31-40 years and 41-50 years.

Validation of the efficiency of arsenic mitigation strategies in southwestern region of Bangladesh and development of a cost-effective adsorbent to mitigate arsenic levels.

World's highest arsenic (As) contamination is well-documented for the groundwater system of southwestern region (mainly Jashore district) of Bangladesh, where the majority of inhabitants are underprivileged. To mitigate As poisoning in southwestern Bangladesh, numerous steps have been taken so far by the government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Among them, digging deep tube wells and As removal by naturally deposited Fe(OH) species are being widely practiced in the contaminated areas.

Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Corneal Nerve Morphology and Dendritic Cell Density in Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on corneal dendritic cell density and corneal nerve measures in type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Corneal dendritic cell densities and nerve parameters were measured in people with type 2 diabetes treated with SGLT2 inhibitors (T2DM-SGLT2i) [n = 23] and those not treated with SGLT2 inhibitors (T2DM-no SGLT2i) [n = 23], along with 24 age and sex-matched healthy controls.

Results: There was a reduction in all corneal nerve parameters in type 2 diabetes groups compared to healthy controls (All parameters: < 0.

Can minimizing risk exposures help in inhibiting carbon footprints? The environmental repercussions of international trade and clean energy.

Since bettering environmental conditions has acquired significant interest globally, discovering factors that may facilitate the establishment of environmental sustainability is currently of foremost importance. Hence, this study considers a sample of 33 members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and checks whether reducing exposure to different forms of country risks, in the presence of international trade and clean energy consumption, can reduce their respective carbon footprint levels. Utilizing annual data from 2000 to 2018 and employing methods that handle problems related to dependence across cross-sectional units and heterogeneity of slope coefficients, the findings endorse that (a) reducing financial and political risks abate carbon footprints, (b) economic risk exposure does not influence carbon footprints, (c) international trade exerts carbon footprint-boosting effects, and (d) undergoing unclean to clean energy transition curbs carbon footprints.

The association of hamstring tightness with lumbar lordosis and trunk flexibility in healthy individuals: gender analysis.

The purpose of this study was to investigate if there is a relation between hamstring tightness and lumbar lordosis as well as trunk flexibility based on gender differences and to analyze the differences in hamstring tightness, lumber lordosis and trunk flexibility in healthy adults. One hundred young healthy adults were recruited and distributed into 2 equal groups according to gender: group A (female group) and group B (male group). Hamstring tightness (HT) was measured by Active Knee Extension (AKE) test and Straight Leg Raise (SLR) test, the angle of lumbar lordosis was measured with a flexible ruler from standing position and trunk flexion flexibility (TFF) was measured by Fingertip-to-Floor Test.

Saudi Arabian Physical Therapists' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Clinical Practice in Diabetes Prevention and Management.

Objective: This study explores physical therapists' current knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward the management and prevention of diabetes in Saudi Arabia.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed among physical therapists in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included several sections concerning their knowledge, attitude, and current practice toward diabetic management.

Advancing Brain Tumor Classification through Fine-Tuned Vision Transformers: A Comparative Study of Pre-Trained Models.

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the classification of brain tumor images using five pre-trained vision transformer (ViT) models, namely R50-ViT-l16, ViT-l16, ViT-l32, ViT-b16, and ViT-b32, employing a fine-tuning approach. The objective of this study is to advance the state-of-the-art in brain tumor classification by harnessing the power of these advanced models. The dataset utilized for experimentation consists of a total of 4855 images in the training set and 857 images in the testing set, encompassing four distinct tumor classes.