A comparison of stomatal conductance responses to blue and red light between C3 and C4 photosynthetic species in three phylogenetically-controlled experiments.

Introduction: C photosynthesis is an adaptation that has independently evolved at least 66 times in angiosperms. C plants, unlike their C ancestral, have a carbon concentrating mechanism which suppresses photorespiration, often resulting in faster photosynthetic rates, higher yields, and enhanced water use efficiency. Moreover, the presence of C photosynthesis greatly alters the relation between CO assimilation and stomatal conductance.

The potential use of Indian rice flour or husk in fortification of pan bread: assessing bread's quality using sensory, physicochemical, and chemometric methods.

Hassawi rice is an Indica variety cultivated in Saudi Arabia with a higher nutritional value than the commercial Basmati rice varieties. The present study has investigated the feasibility of combining Hassawi rice flour (HRF) or husk (HRHF), an abundant byproduct, with wheat flour to produce nutritious economical pan bread. To achieve this aim, the physicochemical properties of HRF and HRHF were assessed using techniques such as UPLC-tandem MS, ICP-OES, and colorimeter.

Physiological Comparison of Two Salt-Excluder Hybrid Grapevine Rootstocks under Salinity Reveals Different Adaptation Qualities.

Like other plant stresses, salinity is a central agricultural problem, mainly in arid or semi-arid regions. Therefore, salt-adapted plants have evolved several adaptation strategies to counteract salt-related events, such as photosynthesis inhibition, metabolic toxicity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. European grapes are usually grafted onto salt-tolerant rootstocks as a cultivation practice to alleviate salinity-dependent damage.

Highly sex specific gene expression in Jojoba.

Background: Dioecious plants have male and female flowers on separate plants. Jojoba is a dioecious plant that is drought-tolerant and native to arid areas. The genome sequence of male and female plants was recently reported and revealed an X and Y chromosome system, with two large male-specific insertions in the Y chromosome.

Efficacy of Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Treating Wastewater for Sustainable Wheat Cultivation.

Water scarcity due to overuse and growing water pollution has led to the need for upgrading of conventional methods of wastewater treatment. The biological synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and their photocatalytic capacity to degrade contaminants offer a promising and environment-friendly approach to municipal wastewater treatment. This technique is advantageous due to its cost-effectiveness, sustainability, and reduction in toxic residual substances.

Anthelmintic activity of aqueous seed extract and its effects on rumen fermentation and methane reduction in Indonesian thin-tailed sheep: An study.

Background And Aim: Seeds from were observed to be abundant as waste. This waste contains active plant compounds whose utilization has not been studied in the livestock sector. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of an aqueous seed extract of (ASE) as an anthelmintic agent during rumen fermentation and methane reduction.

A local dark tea - Liubao tea - extract exhibits remarkable performance in oral tissue regeneration, inflammation relief and oral microbiota reconstruction.

The prevalence of oral health problems is ubiquitous in contemporary society, with particular emphasis placed on the central role of oral flora in mitigating this issue. Both ancient literature and modern research have highlighted the promising application of tea with substantial bioactive properties, particularly dark tea, in preserving and promoting oral health. Liubao tea, a widely consumed dark tea with increasing popularity in recent years, has been reported to possess abundant bioactive constituents, exhibit remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, modulate the flora structure and so on.

Efficacy of cold plasma-activated water as an environmentally friendly sanitizer in egg washing.

Eggs in the United States are typically washed using chemical sanitizers such as quaternary ammonia (QA) or chlorine. Such treatments generate wash water, which could be potentially hazardous to the environment. A novel, nonthermal sanitization technique for washing shell eggs using cold plasma-activated water (PAW) was investigated in this study.

Chilling temperatures and controlled atmospheres alter key volatile compounds implicated in basil aroma and flavor.

Use of basil in its fresh form is increasingly popular due to its unique aromatic and sensory properties. However, fresh basil has a short shelf life and high chilling sensitivity resulting in leaf browning and loss of characteristic aroma. Moderate CO atmospheres have shown potential in alleviating symptoms of chilling injury in basil during short-term storage but its effect on the flavor volatiles is unclear.

Antiviral Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles and Chitosan Silver Nanocomposites against Alfalfa Mosaic Virus.

Plant viruses are a global concern for sustainable crop production. Among the currently available antiviral approaches, nanotechnology has been overwhelmingly playing an effective role in circumventing plant viruses. Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) was isolated and identified from symptomatic pepper plants in Egypt using symptomatology, serological tests using the direct ELISA technique, differential hosts and electron microscopy.

Simultaneous analytical method for 296 pesticide multiresidues in root and rhizome based herbal medicines with GC-MS/MS.

A method for the simultaneous analysis of pesticide multiresidues in three root/rhizome-based herbal medicines (Cnidium officinale, Rehmannia glutinosa, and Paeonia lactiflora) was developed with GC-MS/MS. To determine the concentrations of pesticide residues, 5 g of dried samples were saturated with distilled water, extracted with 10 mL of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile/ethyl acetate (7:3, v/v), and then partitioned using magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride.

Effect of storage temperature and produce type on the survival or growth of on peeled rinds and fresh-cut produce.

Whole and fresh-cut produce are minimally processed and susceptible to microbial contamination. This study evaluated the survival or growth of on peeled rinds, and fresh-cut produce at different storage temperatures. Fresh-cut fruits and vegetables, including cantaloupe, watermelon, pear, papaya, pineapple, broccoli, cauliflower, lettuce, bell pepper, and kale (25 g pieces) were spot inoculated with 4 log CFU/g of and stored at 4 or 13°C for 6  days.

Entomopathogenic Fungi: An Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Sustainable Nanoparticles and Their Nanopesticide Properties.

The agricultural industry could undergo significant changes due to the revolutionary potential of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has a broad range of possible applications and advantages, including insect pest management using treatments based on nanoparticle insecticides. Conventional techniques, such as integrated pest management, are inadequate, and using chemical pesticides has negative consequences.

Plant Secondary Metabolites: The Weapons for Biotic Stress Management.

The rise in global temperature also favors the multiplication of pests and pathogens, which calls into question global food security. Plants have developed special coping mechanisms since they are sessile and lack an immune system. These mechanisms use a variety of secondary metabolites as weapons to avoid obstacles, adapt to their changing environment, and survive in less-than-ideal circumstances.

Lessons from relatives: C4 photosynthesis enhances CO2 assimilation during the low-light phase of fluctuations.

Despite the global importance of species with C4 photosynthesis, there is a lack of consensus regarding C4 performance under fluctuating light. Contrasting hypotheses and experimental evidence suggest that C4 photosynthesis is either less or more efficient in fixing carbon under fluctuating light than the ancestral C3 form. Two main issues have been identified that may underly the lack of consensus: neglect of evolutionary distance between selected C3 and C4 species and use of contrasting fluctuating light treatments.

A century of "Camel Research": a bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: Bibliometrics is a quantitative analytic strategy used to assess the unit of publications per each field of research. Bibliometric studies are commonly employed to examine the current research climate, potential developments, and development trends in certain domains. In this work, the major contributors to camel research throughout the past century are discussed, along with the funding sources, academic institutions, scientific disciplines, and countries that contributed to "Camel Research".

Biocontrol Potential of an Endophytic Strain against the Grapevine Trunk Disease Pathogen and Its Mechanism of Action.

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) impact the sustainability of vineyards worldwide and management options are currently limited. Biological control agents (BCAs) may offer a viable alternative for disease control. With an aim to develop an effective biocontrol strategy against the GTD pathogen , this study investigated the following: (1) the efficacy of the strains in suppressing the BD pathogen in detached canes and potted vines; (2) the ability of a strain of (BCA17) to colonize and persist within grapevine tissues; and (3) the mode of action of BCA17 to antagonize .

Biotechnological approaches for the production of gymnemic acid from Gymnema sylvestre R. Br.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects several organs and can be treated using phytochemicals found in medicinal plants. Gymnema sylvestre (Asclepiadaceae) is one such medicinal plant rich in anti-diabetic properties. The plant is commonly known as madhunashini in Sanskrit because of its ability to cure diabetes (sugar).

Attenuative Effect of Diallyl Trisulfide on Caspase Activity in TNF-α-induced Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) has been shown to prevent and inhibit carcinogenesis in cancer cells. We have previously shown DATS's ability to decrease the percentage of viable cells, inhibit cell migration and modulate genes involved in the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-B) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling.

Materials And Methods: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of DATS in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) induced MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells and investigate its role in cell-death signaling via cell cycle, flow cytometry, and caspase assay.

Uptake of Fungicide Fluopyram from Soil by Scallions during Greenhouse Cultivation.

Unintentional pesticide contamination in rotational crops, often caused by soil contamination from pesticide use in the preceding crops, is a major concern in a positive list system. The residue and dissipation pattern of fluopyram in soil and scallions were investigated to evaluate the uptake of fluopyram from the soil by scallions. In addition, the management concentration in soil (MC) was calculated based on bioconcentration factors (BCFs) and the maximum residue limit (0.

Disruption of transmission of plant pathogens in the insect order Hemiptera using recent advances in RNA interference biotechnology.

The review discusses current RNA interference (RNAi) biotechnological innovations for crop protection. Special attention is given to the management of insect pests in the order Hemiptera. This insect order has the most members of insects which transmit pathogens on economically important crops.

A century of "anticoccidial drugs": bibliometric analysis.

Publications are an important measure of scientific and technological progress. The quantitative examination of the number of publications in a certain research topic is known as bibliometrics. Bibliographic studies are widely used to analyse the condition of research, future potential, and current growth patterns in a certain topic.

Dairy Milk Protein-Derived Bioactive Peptides: Avengers Against Metabolic Syndrome.

Purpose Of Review: Metabolic syndrome is continuously increasing among the world's populations. Metabolic syndrome is a medical condition in which individuals suffer from high blood pressure, high blood glucose levels, and obesity. The in vitro and in vivo bioactivities of dairy milk protein-derived peptides (MPDP) have proven their potential as an excellent natural alternative to the current medical treatment for metabolic syndrome.