Tobacco-control policy support among people from low socioeconomic positions in Massachusetts.

People from low socioeconomic positions (SEP) are at a higher risk of smoking, face greater barriers to smoking cessation, and have lower access to health information. To improve tobacco-related health outcomes, policies requiring altering labeling on cigarette packs could be implemented. However, public support is needed to influence the policymaking process.

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among foreign migrants in China.

Background/purpose: The COVID-19 outbreak created unique policy challenges for vaccinating special groups like migrants. As part of sustainable development goals, the equitable distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine can contribute to ensuring health for all. This study examined COVID-19 vaccine uptake among foreign migrants in China based on sociodemographics, cultural beliefs, past vaccine behaviors, and psychosocial factors.

Absolute and relative e-cigarette harm perceptions among young adult lesbian and bisexual women and nonbinary people assigned female at birth.

Purpose: Young adult lesbian and bisexual women report considerable e-cigarette disparities, which may be attributed to low harm perceptions. No studies have assessed differences in e-cigarette harm perceptions in this group, nor which factors might be intervention targets to influence harm perceptions.

Materials And Methods: We investigated differences in and modifiable correlates of e-cigarette harm perceptions among young adult lesbian and bisexual women and non-binary people assigned female at birth.

Traumatic brain injury and mental health outcomes among recently incarcerated men.

This study examined the association between experiencing a traumatic brain injury (TBI) before or during incarceration and several postrelease negative mental health consequences in a cohort of men recently released from prison. The goal of the study was to explicate the variety of mental health-related issues incurring a TBI has on one's ability to successfully reintegrate back into society following incarceration. Using data from the LoneStar Project, we used ordinary least squares regression and logistic regression to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms, stress, trauma flashbacks, and psychosis in a representative sample of men released from Texas prisons (N = 498) approximately 9 months post-prison release.

Relationship Between Oral Health, Quality of Life, and Comprehensive Health Literacy in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Oral health affects systemic health and the importance of maintaining good oral health is acknowledged. The high prevalence of oral diseases is associated with low health literacy (HL). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether comprehensive HL in community-dwelling older adults is associated with objective oral hygiene and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

A multi-level analysis of prevalence and factors associated with caesarean section in Nigeria.

The choice of caesarean section (CS) plays a significant role in maternal and neonatal health. However, suboptimal CS uptake suggests unmet obstetric care leading to adverse maternal and neonatal health. Considering that maternal health problems in Nigeria remain a public health problem, this present study aims to assess the prevalence and multilevel factors associated with caesarean section among women of reproductive age in Nigeria.

Bilateral transfer of motor performance as a function of motor imagery training: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The objective of this review was to evaluate the efficacy of mental imagery training (MIT) in promoting bilateral transfer (BT) of motor performance for healthy subjects.

Data Sources: We searched 6 online-databases (Jul-Dec 2022) using terms: "mental practice," "motor imagery training," "motor imagery practice," "mental training," "movement imagery," "cognitive training," "bilateral transfer," "interlimb transfer," "cross education," "motor learning," "strength," "force" and "motor performance."

Study Selection And Data Extraction: We selected randomized-controlled studies that examined the effect of MIT on BT.

The Perceptions and Expectations of the Clinical Learning Environment in Saudi Arabia: a Multidisciplinary Study.

Background: The clinical learning environment is a fundamental component of healthcare education. In this setting, students can develop the skills and knowledge necessary to become competent and efficient healthcare practitioners. Due to the importance of clinically based education, it is crucial to have a valid and reliable tool to enable its evaluation.

Predictors of food insecurity among older adults before and during COVID-19 in the United States.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has strained the health and wellbeing of older adult populations through increased morbidity, mortality, and social exclusion. However, the impact of COVID-19 on the health of older adults through food security has received relatively little attention, despite the strong impact of diet quality on the health and longevity of older adults.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify sociodemographic and socioeconomic predictors of self-reported food insecurity before and early in the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults in the United States.

The effect of medicaid expansion on access to healthcare, health behaviors and health outcomes between expansion and non-expansion states.

In 1965, Medicaid was implemented with the goal of providing insurance to low-income individuals. In 2010, the Patient Protection Affordable Care Act (PPACA) standardized and expanded the eligibility criteria for the Medicaid program across the United States. In 2012, the constitutionality of this expansion was challenged and the Supreme Court rules that states were only required to expand their Medicaid program if they wanted to utilize the additional funds allotted by the federal government.

Diaper-zero program (prompted voiding care) improves diaper use in nursing home residents.

With an aging population, the number of older adults admitted to nursing homes has increased. Diapers are often used to manage nursing home resident urinary incontinence, yet only one-third of these required assistance from caregivers to urinate. Unnecessary diaper use was reported in 23.

Comparison of water balance among healthy young and old adults and handicapped adults.

The body's water balance is changed by food and beverage intake, metabolism, and excretion. In this study, we performed a cross-sectional study that investigated the changes of water intake and water output in healthy Japanese young and elderly people and handicapped adults. Water balance was assessed by water intake from foods and beverages, metabolic water production, non-renal water losses (NRWL), and urine volume.

Correlates of and Disparities in Cancellations or Delays of Prenatal Visits During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Emphasis on Racial/Ethnic Minorities and Persons with Low Socioeconomic Status.

Objectives: To investigate barriers and disparities in prenatal visits across population subgroups.

Methods: This pooled cross-sectional study was conducted using Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System for 2020 through 2021. Women who reported their experiences of cancellation or delay in prenatal visits were included.

Nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding pain management: Cross-sectional survey in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the nursing staff's knowledge and attitudes regarding pain management in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Design: A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional survey.

Methods: Between January and March of 2020, 183 registered nurses from two hospitals in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia completed the Nurses' Knowledge and Attitude Survey Regarding Pain.

Tracking adaptation strategies of an HIV prevention intervention among youth in Nigeria: a theoretically informed case study analysis of the 4 Youth by Youth Project.

Background: Although many behavioral interventions are adapted, little is known about the reasons for adaptations and the process and outcomes influencing adaptations. To address this gap, we explored the adaptations made to promote HIV prevention services, including HIV self-testing (HIVST), among Nigerian youth.

Methods: The main objective of this qualitative case study design was to document the adaptations made over time using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications - Expanded (FRAME).

Special roles of rural primary care and family medicine in improving vaccine hesitancy.

Family medicine plays a crucial role in overcoming vaccine hesitancy in rural areas with a limited access to healthcare services and a higher prevalence of vaccine hesitancy. Competent information on diseases and vaccinations provided in a trusting relationship is important to overcome vaccination hesitancy and reach acceptance. This article aims to provide a critical analysis of this issue using methodologically rigorous research and evidence-based recommendations from nonsystematic literature research.

Designing a childhood obesity preventive intervention using the multiphase optimization strategy: The Healthy Bodies Project.

Background/aims: Preventing the development of childhood obesity requires multilevel, multicomponent, comprehensive approaches. Study designs often do not allow for systematic evaluation of the efficacy of individual intervention components before the intervention is fully tested. As such, childhood obesity prevention programs may contain a mix of effective and ineffective components.

Association of Health Insurance with Contraceptive Use and Interpersonal Quality of Contraceptive Care in the Southeast United States.

Objectives: Health insurance remains an important dimension of contraceptive access. This study investigated the role of insurance in contraceptive use, access, and quality in South Carolina and Alabama.

Methods: The study used a cross-sectional statewide representative survey that assessed reproductive health experiences and contraceptive use among reproductive-age women in South Carolina and Alabama.

Opportunities for psychologists to advance health equity: Using liberation psychology to identify key lessons from 17 years of praxis.

Health and health care inequities persist because the efforts to eliminate them have ignored structural racism, typically using a power neutral approach to diagnose and solve the problem. Critical theory can address many of the conceptual weaknesses of current approaches, help identify how racism operates in health care, and open the door for more effective individual employee and organizational actions to advance health equity. We apply Martín-Baró's (1996) liberation psychology to lessons we learned through implementing a transdisciplinary national health and health care equity program.

Impact of ¡Míranos! on parent-reported home-based healthy energy balance-related behaviors in low-income Latino preschool children: a clustered randomized controlled trial.

Background: Widespread establishment of home-based healthy energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs), like diet, physical activity, sedentary behavior, screen time, and sleep, among low-income preschool-aged children could curb the childhood obesity epidemic. We examined the effect of an 8-month multicomponent intervention on changes in EBRBs among preschool children enrolled in 12 Head Start centers.

Methods: The Head Start (HS) centers were randomly assigned to one of three treatment arms: center-based intervention group (CBI), center-based plus home-based intervention group (CBI + HBI), or control.

Saudi Healthcare Students' Perceptions and Beliefs About Immunizations: a Descriptive, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Immunization has been one of the most successful public health measures ever undertaken. However, a degree of hesitancy about vaccine use still exists. Healthcare professionals are in a unique position to provide advice and education to the public and may influence the decision to undergo immunization.

Delirium and Behavioral Symptoms in Persons With Dementia at Hospital Admission: Mediating Factors.

Background: Hospitalized persons with dementia are at risk of delirium with behavioral symptoms, predisposing them to a higher rate of complications and caregiver distress. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between delirium severity in patients with dementia upon admission to the hospital and the manifestation of behavioral symptoms, and to evaluate the mediating effects of cognitive and physical function, pain, medications, and restraints.

Methods: This descriptive study used baseline data from 455 older adults with dementia enrolled in a cluster randomized clinical trial that tested the efficacy of family centered function-focused care.

Food insecurity and academic function among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A moderating role of the first-generation college student status.

Objective: To examine food insecurity (FI) prevalence among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2021) using cross-sectional design, and the moderating role of the first-generation student status in the relationship between FI and grade point average (GPA).

Participants: Three-hundred sixty students recruited mostly from upper-level kinesiology courses.

Methods: General linear model was used to predict GPA based on food security status, psychological health, and bodily pain, with subgroup analysis performed by first-generation student status.

A Scoping Review of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal and the Infant Gut Microbiome: Does Human Milk Optimize Infant Outcomes?

Background: While a growing body of literature has established the role of human milk as a mechanism of protection in the formation of the infant gut microbiome, it remains unclear the extent to which this association exists for infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome.

Purpose: The purpose of this scoping review was to describe the current state of the literature regarding the influence of human milk on infant gut microbiota in infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome.

Data Sources: CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched for original studies published from January 2009 through February 2022.