Longitudinal post-radiotherapy plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA trends inform on optimal risk stratification in endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objectives: To characterize longitudinal changes in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA post-radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, and investigate whether an early (0-2 weeks) or delayed (8-12 weeks) EBV DNA result better predicts for disease-free survival (DFS).

Materials And Methods: Histologically-confirmed NPC patients with ≥1 EBV DNA test quantified using the harmonized BamHI-W polymerase chain reaction-based assay at 0-2 and 8-12 weeks post-radiotherapy were included.

Results: We identified 302 patients with EBV DNA measured at 0-2 weeks post-radiotherapy; of which, 110 (36.

Baseline radiologic features as predictors of efficacy in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases receiving surufatinib.

Objective: Currently, pre-treatment prediction of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases (PNELM) receiving surufatinib treatment was unsatisfying. Our objective was to examine the association between radiological characteristics and efficacy/prognosis.

Methods: We enrolled patients with liver metastases in the phase III, SANET-p trial (NCT02589821) and obtained contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images.

Survival outcomes of different neoadjuvant treatment regimens in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer and MRI-detected extramural venous invasion.

Purpose: MRI-detected extramural venous invasion (mrEMVI) is associated with poor survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). An mrEMVI-positive status is considered a strong indication for neoadjuvant treatment, but the optimal regimen is unknown.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively compared pathological and survival outcomes of 584 patients diagnosed with mrEMVI-positive rectal cancer between January 2013 and October 2021, and receiving either neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) alone, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) alone, or nCRT plus NCT, prior to total mesorectal excision.

Secreted proteins encoded by super enhancer-driven genes could be promising biomarkers for early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Early detection of cancer remains an unmet need in clinical practice, and high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity biomarkers are urgently required. Here, we attempted to identify secreted proteins encoded by super-enhancer (SE)-driven genes as diagnostic biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: We conducted an integrative analysis of multiple data sets including ChIP-seq data, secretome data, CCLE data and GEO data to screen secreted proteins encoded by SE-driven genes.

Paclitaxel liposome, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil-based induction chemotherapy followed by de-escalated intensity-modulated radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin in stage IVA-IVB childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma in endemic area: a phase II, single-arm trial.

Background: Previous studies demonstrated that induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by de-escalated chemoradiotherapy adapted to tumor response was effective in treating childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the toxicity profile of this treatment strategy, and whether childhood patients with advanced stages can obtain enough benefits from it requires further investigation.

Methods: We conducted a single-center phase II trial (NCT03020329). All participants received 3 cycles of paclitaxel liposome, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF)-based IC.

MA and mG modification-related genes are potential biomarkers for survival prognosis and for deciphering the tumor immune microenvironment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common esophageal malignancy, and RNA methylation has been reported to be involved in the tumorigenesis of ESCC. However, no study has explored methylation modifications in mA and mG as prognostic markers for survival prediction in ESCC.

Methods: Public gene-expression data and clinical annotation of 254 patients obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus databases were analyzed to identify potential consensus clusters of mA and mG modification-related genes.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant cisplatin-gemcitabine versus cisplatin-fluorouracil chemotherapy for N2-3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Patients with N2-3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma have a high risk of treatment being unsuccessful despite the current practice of using a concurrent adjuvant cisplatin-fluorouracil regimen. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of concurrent adjuvant cisplatin-gemcitabine with cisplatin-fluorouracil in N2-3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial at four cancer centres in China.

Serum Saturated Fatty Acids including Very Long-Chain Saturated Fatty Acids and Colorectal Cancer Risk among Chinese Population.

The association between circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) including very long-chain SFAs (VLCSFAs) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk has not been clearly established. To investigate the association between serum SFAs and CRC risk in Chinese population, 680 CRC cases and 680 sex and age-matched (5-year interval) controls were recruited in our study. Serum levels of SFAs were detected by gas chromatography.

Association Between Lymphopenia and Survival Outcomes in Esophageal Carcinoma Patients Receiving Combined Immunotherapy and Chemoradiotherapy.

Background: To investigate the association between absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) nadir and survival outcomes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients who received definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, as well as to explore clinical characteristics and dosimetric parameters that affect ALC nadir during CRT.

Patients And Methods: Patients with ESCC (n = 602) who underwent definitive CRT were analyzed, of whom 166 received combined anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and CRT. Changes in ALC and survival were compared between patients with and without immunotherapy.

Efficacy and Dose-Response Relationship of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Abdominal Lymph Node Metastases from Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the treatment efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and evaluate the influence of radiation dose on local control and survival in patients with abdominal lymph node metastases (LNM) from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients And Methods: Between 2010 and 2020, data of 148 patients with HCC with abdominal LNM, including 114 who underwent SBRT and 34 who received conventional fractionation radiation therapy (CFRT), were collected. A total radiation dose of 28-60 Gy was delivered in 3-30 fractions, with a median biologic effective dose (BED) of 60 Gy (range, 39-105 Gy).

Radiotherapy opens the blood-brain barrier and synergizes with anlotinib in treating glioblastoma.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) has a poor prognosis and lacks effective treatment. Anlotinib is a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that may have anti-tumor activity in the central nervous system (CNS). This study aimed to determine the therapeutic value of radiotherapy combined with anlotinib in GBM via preclinical research.

Characterisation of tumor microenvironment and prevalence of CD274/PD-L1 genetic alterations difference in colorectal Cancer.

Background: Large-scale genomic alterations, especially CD274/PD-L1 gene amplification, have great impact on anti-PD-1 efficacy on cancers such as Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, the prevalence of PD-L1 genetic alterations in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its correlation with the tumor immune microenvironment and clinical implications remain unknown.

Materials And Methods: PD-L1 genetic alterations were evaluated in 324 patients with newly diagnosed CRC including 160 mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) patients and 164 mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) patients using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method.

Prognostic significance and immune correlates of FADD in penile squamous cell carcinoma.

Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) with a poor prognosis lacks reliable biomarkers for stratifying patients. Fas-associated death domain (FADD) could regulate cell proliferation and has shown promising diagnostic and prognostic significance in multiple cancers. However, researchers have not determined how FADD exerts its effect on PSCC.

Risk mapping of lung cancer: a comprehensive appraisal of published meta-analyses incorporating Mendelian randomization studies.

Introduction: A comprehensive appraisal of published meta-analyses incorporating Mendelian randomization studies was performed to map the different risk factors and assess the causality for lung cancer.

Methods: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational and interventional studies were reviewed based on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted to validate the causal associations of those various exposures with lung cancer using summary statistics from 10 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) consortia and other GWAS databases in MR-Base platform.

Is serum thymidine kinase 1 a prognostic biomarker in primary tumor location of colorectal carcinomas?

Aim: To assess whether serum thymidine kinase 1 (STK1p), CEA and CA19.9 can be used as prognostic biomarkers in the primary tumor location (PTL) of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Additional clinical factors of TNM stage, pathological grade, age and sex were also included.

Medial retropharyngeal nodal region sparing radiotherapy versus standard radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: open label, non-inferiority, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Objectives: To address whether sparing the medial retropharyngeal lymph node (MRLN) region from elective irradiation volume provides non-inferior local relapse-free survival versus standard radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Design: Open-label, non-inferiority, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Setting: Three Chinese hospitals between 20 November 2017 and 3 December 2018.

Association of Sialic Acid-Binding Immunoglobulin-Like Lectin 15 With Phenotypes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Setting of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

Importance: Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 15 (Siglec-15) is a novel immune checkpoint molecule that is highly homologous to programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), but information remains limited about its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Objective: To explore the expression pattern and association of Siglec-15 with outcomes among patients with ESCC who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at an academic institution in China.

The first Chinese National Union of Real-world Gynaecological Oncology Research and Patient Management Platform: A retrospective study.

Objective: To produce high-quality, real-world evidence for oncologists by collating scattered gynaecologic oncology (GO) medical records in China.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: The National Union of Real-world Gynaecological Oncology Research and Patient Management Platform (NUWA platform).

International recommendations for plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA measurement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in resource-constrained settings: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic.

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continue to constrain health-care staff and resources worldwide, despite the availability of effective vaccines. Aerosol-generating procedures such as endoscopy, a common investigation tool for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, are recognised as a likely cause of SARS-CoV-2 spread in hospitals. Plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA is considered the most accurate biomarker for the routine management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Immunotherapy combination with regorafenib for refractory hepatocellular carcinoma: A real-world study.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy plus regorafenib versus regorafenib only in patients with pretreated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Immunotherapy plus regorafenib or regorafenib alone was analyzed in patients with advanced HCC with documented tumor progression on front-line therapy. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were assessed.

Association between driving pressure and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing lung resection surgery: A randomised clinical trial.

Background: It is uncertain whether an association exists for decreases in driving pressure and the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients undergoing selective lung resection surgery. Thus, we designed this study to determine whether the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration to the lowest driving pressure compared with conventional low PEEP level during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in patients undergoing selective lung resection surgery decreases PPCs.

Methods: This single-centre, randomised trial approved by the Ethical Committee of the Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center involved patients who signed written consent.