Performance of ChatGPT in the Portuguese National Residency Access Examination.

ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, has been tested in several medical board examinations. This study aims to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT on the Portuguese National Residency Access Examination, a mandatory test for medical residency in Portugal. The study specifically compares the capabilities of ChatGPT versions 3.

The evolving treatment landscape of multiple myeloma in Portugal: A nation-wide retrospective cohort study of real-world clinical practice.

Objectives: To characterize variations in real-world treatment patterns in multiple myeloma (MM) in Portugal over a 5-year period.

Methods: A retrospective cohort multicenter study using secondary data of national hospital drug consumption database from 11 Portuguese public hospitals between 2017 and 2022.

Results: Number of MM-treated patients increased 53% over 5 years (from 825 to 1266 patients).

Influence of different cavity disinfectants on composite adhesion to dentin of primary teeth: An study.

Restorative treatment is the most common approach to treating dental caries. However, after cavity preparation, some microorganisms may still persist in the substrate, suggesting the use of cavity disinfectants. Nevertheless, their effect on adhesion to composite resins is not yet fully understood, especially in primary teeth.

Effect of home-based exercise prehabilitation on postoperative outcomes in colorectal cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Home-based exercise training may improve access to surgical prehabilitation in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but its efficacy remains unclear. This study systematically investigated the effects of home-based exercise prehabilitation on postoperative exercise capacity, complications, length of hospital stay, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in CRC patients.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing home-based exercise prehabilitation with control in CRC patients were eligible.

Photosensitizer formulations in photodynamic therapy of age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive degenerative disease that leads to visual impairment, predominantly affecting the elderly. Despite significant advancements in treatment, a definitive cure remains elusive. Current therapeutic strategies only slow down disease progression, inhibiting abnormal blood vessels growth, and preserving or improving vision.

Progression of Capillary Hypoperfusion in Advanced Stages of Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: 6-month Analysis of RICHARD Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the 6-month progression of retinal capillary perfusion in eyes with advanced stages of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).

Design: RICHARD (NCT05112445), 2-year prospective longitudinal study.

Participants: Sixty eyes with Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (DRSS) levels 43, 47, and 53 from 60 patients with type 2 diabetes.

The senotherapeutic potential of phytochemicals for age-related intestinal disease.

During the last few decades, life expectancy has increased worldwide along with the prevalence of several age-related diseases. Among aging pathways, cellular senescence and chronic inflammation (or "inflammaging") appear to be connected to gut homeostasis and dysbiosis of the microbiome. Cellular senescence is a state of essentially irreversible cell cycle arrest that occurs in response to stress.

Oxidative Stress and Histomorphometric Remodeling: Two Key Intestinal Features of Type 2 Diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki Rats.

Gastrointestinal complications of diabetes are often overlooked, despite affecting up to 75% of patients. This study innovatively explores local glutathione levels and morphometric changes in the gut of Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a type 2 diabetes animal model. Segments of the intestine, cecum, and colon were collected for histopathological analysis and glutathione quantification.

Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Pediatric Patients: A Tertiary Hospital Experience.

Introduction: Childhood arterial ischemic stroke is a rare condition. Its true incidence is unknown as it is likely underdiagnosed. Outcomes are generally favorable but it is still a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in children.

Effect of vitamin D, omega-3 supplementation, or a home exercise program on muscle mass and sarcopenia: DO-HEALTH trial.

Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of daily supplemental vitamin D, omega-3s, and a thrice-weekly home exercise program, alone or in combination, on change of appendicular lean muscle mass index (ALMI) and incident sarcopenia in older adults.

Methods: This is a secondary endpoint analysis of a 3-year randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design among 2157 community-dwelling, healthy adults aged 70 + years, from 2012 to 2018 (DO-HEALTH). Participants were randomized to 2000 IU/d vitamin D and/or 1 g/d marine omega-3s and/or exercise.

Novel biomarkers in RA: Implication for diagnosis, prognosis, and personalised treatment.

Over the past decades our understanding of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis has improved remarkably and major breakthroughs in the treatment of RA were made with the advent of numerous targeted therapies and new treatment strategies. Despite these advances, several unmet needs remain, namely in achieving earlier and more accurate diagnosis, monitoring disease activity, predicting disease prognosis and optimizing treatment. To address these gaps, recent research has focused on identifying biomarkers that may enhance diagnostic precision, predict disease prognosis, and optimize treatment strategies.

Clinical and Histopathologic Findings in Jalili Syndrome.

Purpose: To correlate histopathologic findings in an eye with Jalili syndrome with clinical and imaging results available before enucleation.

Design: Case report with histopathologic analysis.

Subjects: Histopathologic analysis of an enucleated eye from a 63-year-old woman diagnosed with Jalili syndrome.

Association of rs35767 polymorphism in the IGF1 gene with athletic performance in power and endurance sports: A meta-analysis.

Background: Sport performance is a multifactorial phenotype dependent on the interaction of multiple genetic and non-genetic factors. More than 200 polymorphisms have been associated with athletic performance. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs35767, located in the regulatory region of the IGF1 gene, influences its expression and has been associated with sports-related phenotypes.

Peripheral immune profiling of soft tissue sarcoma: perspectives for disease monitoring.

Studying the tumor microenvironment and surrounding lymph nodes is the main focus of current immunological research on soft tissue sarcomas (STS). However, due to the restricted opportunity to examine tumor samples, alternative approaches are required to evaluate immune responses in non-surgical patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the peripheral immune profile of STS patients, characterize patients accordingly and explore the impact of peripheral immunotypes on patient survival.

Synthesis of 1,10-Phenanthroline-2,9-bistriazoles: Evaluation as G-Quadruplex Binders and Anti-Tumor Activity.

Novel 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-bistriazoles derivatives have been synthesized by copper-catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloaddition reactions and assessed for their ability to bind and stabilize G-quadruplex (G4) structures. Ten novel compounds were evaluated using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) melting, circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence spectroscopy on several G4 sequences. Biophysical characterization led to the identification of compounds 4 a, 4 b, and 5 b as good G4 ligands of KRAS G4 sequences.

Exploring yeast glucans for vaccine enhancement: Sustainable strategies for overcoming adjuvant challenges in a SARS-CoV-2 model.

Vaccine adjuvants are important for enhancing vaccine efficacy, and although aluminium salts (Alum) are the most used, their limited ability to induce specific immune responses has spurred the search for new adjuvants. However, many adjuvants fail during product development due to manufacturability, supply, stability, or safety concerns. This work hypothesizes that protein-free yeast glucans can be used as vaccine adjuvants due to their known immunostimulatory activity and high abundancy.