Evidence-based management of non-tubal ectopic pregnancies.

Recent advances in ultrasonography and the use of other modalities including magnetic resonance imaging scans have led to the early and more accurate diagnosis of non-tubal ectopic pregnancies (NTE). As a result, the management of these pregnancies has evolved. This article addresses the management options currently available for NTE.

Chronic anemia and non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome - double jeopardy.

This review outlines the priorities from cardiology and gastroenterology perspectives, resolves some of the misconceptions, and uses the evidence available to suggest strategies for optimizing management of these patients. The dual presentation of acute active gastrointestinal (GI) blood loss together with an acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS or STEMI) is outside the remit of this review but has been previously reviewed by our group. The review covers NSTEACS together with chronic or sub-acute anemia, anemia that cannot be accounted for by chronic kidney disease, heart failure, or inflammatory disorders.

Implications of aligning full registration of doctors with medical school graduation: a qualitative study of stakeholder perspectives.

Objectives: The Shape of Training report recommended that full registration is aligned with medical school graduation. As part of a General Medical Council-funded study about the preparedness for practice of UK medical graduates, we explored UK stakeholders' views about this proposal using qualitative interviews (30 group and 87 individual interviews) and Framework Analysis.

Setting: Four UK study sites, one in each country.

Ludwig's angina: need for including airways and larynx in ultrasound evaluation.

Ludwig's angina is a deep neck space infection. Unlike other abscesses elsewhere in the body, rapid progression of the disease results in serious complications such as airway oedema, distortion, total obstruction with loss of airway and death. Thus, early diagnosis and skilful airway management is necessary.

Systematic review: the management of chronic diarrhoea due to bile acid malabsorption.

Background: Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) is a common, yet under-recognised, cause of chronic diarrhoea, with limited guidance available on the appropriate management of patients with BAM.

Aim: To summarise the evidence supporting different treatments available for patients with bile acid malabsorption, noting their impact on clinical outcomes, tolerability and associated side effects.

Methods: A literature search was conducted through PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Scopus.

Archibald Cochrane (1909-1988): the father of evidence-based medicine.

Professor Archibald Cochrane (1909-1988) is considered to be the originator of the idea of evidence-based medicine in our era. With his landmark book 'Effectiveness and Efficiency: Random Reflections on Health services' he managed to inspire and positively influence the medical society with respect to the proper assessment of reliable evidence for the provision of the best medical care. His vision combined with his scientific achievements can be considered as the foundation of the Cochrane Collaboration; named after him in recognition of and gratitude for his pioneering work.