Is reverse frontal cranioplasty eligible for the correction of both the forehead deformities and the intracranial hypertension in craniosynostosis? Comparison of the preoperative and postoperative intracranial volumes.

Background: This study aimed to describe the surgical technique of reverse frontal cranioplasty (RFC), the aesthetical modification as well as the modification of intracranial volume (ICV) to assess its potential eligibility for the treatment of the intracranial hypertension (IH).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective monocentric study included the patients with a history of craniosynostosis with a forehead deformity who underwent RFC. A subjective outcome questionnaire (SOQ) was conducted with each patient or their parent to determine their level of satisfaction after RFC.

REDUCING PELVIS RADIOGRAPH EXPOSURE IN CHILDREN USING A DOSE SIMULATION X-RAY RESEARCH SOFTWARE.

Pelvis radiography is a frequent X-ray examination. The objective of our study was to determine the minimum dose to be delivered without reducing the quality. We included 60 children having a pelvis X-ray in four groups that were equally represented by weight ranges.

Liver shear wave elastography and attenuation imaging coefficient measures: prospective evaluation in healthy children.

Purpose: Ultrasonographic quantitative measurements enable characterizing the stiffness and viscosity of liver parenchyma. Normal Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) values have been reported in adults and children. The Attenuation Imaging (ATI) coefficient is a measure of local sound energy loss thought to reflect steatosis in adults.

Preemptive Kidney Transplantation Is Associated With Transplantation Outcomes in Children: Results From the French Kidney Replacement Therapy Registry.

Background: Kidney transplantation (KT) is the optimal treatment for children with end-stage kidney disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of preemptive kidney transplantation (PKT) and of pretransplant dialysis duration on graft survival among French pediatric kidney transplant recipients.

Methods: We analyzed all first pediatric kidney-only transplantations performed in France between 1993 and 2012.

Long term follow-up of pediatric-onset Evans syndrome: broad immunopathological manifestations and high treatment burden.

Pediatric-onset Evans syndrome (pES) is defined by both immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) before the age of 18 years. There have been no comprehensive long-term studies of this rare disease, which can be associated to various immunopathological manifestations (IM). We report outcomes of the 151 patients with pES and more than 5 years of follow-up from the nationwide French prospective OBS'CEREVANCE cohort.

Automated brain MRI metrics in the EPIRMEX cohort of preterm newborns: Correlation with the neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify in the EPIRMEX cohort the correlations between MRI brain metrics, including diffuse excessive high signal intensities (DEHSI) obtained with an automated quantitative method and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years.

Materials And Methods: A total of 390 very preterm infants (gestational age at birth≤32 weeks) who underwent brain MRI at term equivalent age at 1.5T (n=338) or 3T (n=52) were prospectively included.

Normal volumetric and T1 relaxation time values at 1.5 T in segmented pediatric brain MRI using a MP2RAGE acquisition.

Objectives: This study introduced a tailored MP2RAGE-based brain acquisition for a comprehensive assessment of the normal maturing brain.

Methods: Seventy normal patients (35 girls and 35 boys) from 1 to 16 years of age were recruited within a prospective monocentric study conducted from a single University Hospital. Brain MRI examinations were performed at 1.

How Accurate Is Computer-Assisted Orbital Hypertelorism Surgery? Comparison of the Three-Dimensional Surgical Planning with the Postoperative Outcomes.

Surgery of orbital hypertelorism (ORH) remains an imprecise surgical procedure depending on the experience and habits of the craniofacial surgical teams. Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) has developed dramatically in craniofacial surgery, but there is no current study assessing its accuracy for ORH surgery. This study aimed to assess the input of CAS and especially the accuracy of the cutting guide-based procedures.

A Dose Simulation X-Ray Software: An Innovating Tool to Reduce Chest Radiograph Exposure in Children.

Purpose: Chest radiography is one of the most frequent x-ray examinations performed on children. Reducing the delivered dose is always a major task. The objective of our study was to determine the minimum dose to be delivered while maintaining the image quality of chest radiographs, using dose reduction simulation software.

Health Status of French Young Patients with Inborn Errors of Metabolism with Lifelong Restricted Diet.

Objective: To describe the health status of young patients affected by inborn errors of metabolism that require adherence to a restricted diet (IEMRDs) and to describe and compare their self- and proxy (parent)-reported quality of life (QoL) with reference values.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015-2017 in patients affected by IEMRDs (except phenylketonuria) younger than 18 years. Data collection was based on medical records, clinical examinations, parents' and children's interviews, and self-reported questionnaires.

Addressing hypertelorism: Indications and techniques.

From its first descriptions in the early 1920s to today's use of cutting guides via computer-assisted surgery, surgical techniques to address hypertelorism have progressed. The present article aims to provide historical background and an overview of the development of surgical techniques during the late 20th century and in recent years. First, a historical overview identifies the most important surgical advances leading to the present state of the art.

Surgical treatment of orbital hypertelorism: Historical evolution and development prospects.

Orbital hypertelorism (OR.H) is defined as an abnormal increase in the distance between the two orbits secondary to a skeletal anomaly, and it occurs in association with numerous congenital craniofacial malformations. Since its description by Greig in 1924, OR.

Improving diagnosis accuracy of brain volume abnormalities during childhood with an automated MP2RAGE-based MRI brain segmentation.

Background And Purpose: It can be challenging to depict brain volume abnormalities in the pediatric population on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of the study was to evaluate the inter-radiologist reliability in brain MRI interpretation, including brain volume assessment and the efficiency of an automated brain segmentation.

Materials And Methods: We performed a single-center prospective study including 44 patients aged six months to five years recruited from the University Hospital, having a 1.

Social deprivation is associated with poor kidney transplantation outcome in children.

Socioeconomic status is an important determinant of health. Its impact on kidney transplantation outcome has been studied among adults but data in children are scarce, especially in Europe. Here, we investigate the association between the level of social deprivation (determined by the continuous score European Deprivation Index) and graft failure risk in pediatric kidney transplant recipients.

Can We Reduce Frame Rate to 15 Images per Second in Pediatric Videofluoroscopic Swallow Studies?

Videofluoroscopic Swallow studies (VFSS) are useful radiological examinations to explore swallowing disorders but which require ionizing radiation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the comparability of pediatric VFSS at 15 frames per second (fps) with 30 fps. Fifty-five loops including 190 swallowings of VFSS at 30 fps performed on 32 consecutive pediatric patients in a University Hospital Center were retrospectively modified by a software to delete one image out of two to obtain secondary loops with a frame rate of 15 fps.

Is It Safe To Use Frontofacial Monobloc Advancement and Cutting Guides on Adult Patients with Crouzon Syndrome? Introducing 2 Cases on 41- and 56-Year-Old Patients.

Background: Patients with Crouzon syndrome are mainly treated in childhood by frontofacial monobloc advancement to avoid ophthalmic, neurologic, and maxillary complications. There is no reported case of surgery on adult patients with Crouzon syndrome in the literature. However, when faced with 2 cases of adult patients showing severe quality of life deterioration, our team decided to make an attempt using monobloc advancement technique.

Operative versus conservative treatment for giant omphalocele: Study of French and Ivorian management.

Introduction: The giant omphalocele is currently a surgical challenge. The morbidity and mortality associated with its care is non-negligible. Nowadays, different studies have revived the debate between conservative and surgical management for giant omphalocele.

Detection of recurrent brain tumors in children: No significant difference in sensitivity between unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a gadolinium injection is currently used in the follow-up of children in remission of cerebral tumors (CTs). Intracerebral gadolinium deposition has been recently reported with unknown risks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of unenhanced brain MRI (U-MRI) in detection of tumor recurrence.

Lengthening temporalis myoplasty and reduction of the swallowing oral phase dysfunction in facial palsy patients.

Introduction: Facial palsy can cause dysfunction in the oral phase of swallowing. Lengthening temporalis myoplasty is a widely used technique for correction of facial asymmetry in facial palsy. The aim of this study was to determine whether lengthening temporalis myoplasty could reduce the dysfunction in the oral phase of swallowing in patients with facial palsy.

Optimization of insulin regimen and glucose outcomes with short-term real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) in type 1 diabetic children with sub-optimal glucose control on multiple daily injections: The pediatric DIACCOR study.

Background: The impact of 7-day real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) on type 1 diabetes (T1D) management remains unknown in youths with suboptimal control by multiple daily injections (MDI). The DIACCOR Study aimed to describe treatment decisions and glucose outcomes after a short-term RT-CGM sequence in real-life conditions.

Methods: This French multicenter longitudinal observational study included T1D youths with HbA1c>7.

High Pressure Balloon Dilatation of Primary Obstructive Megaureter in Children: A Multicenter Study.

We described the initial experience of four referral centers in the treatment of primary obstructive megaureter (POM) in children, by high-pressure balloon dilatation (HPBD) of the ureterovesical junction with double JJ stenting. We managed a retrospective multicenter study to assess its effectiveness in long-term. We reviewed the medical records of all children who underwent HPBD for POM that require surgical treatment from May 2012 to December 2017 in four different institutions.

A systematic review of the learning curve in robotic surgery: range and heterogeneity.

Background: With the rapid adoption of the robotic surgery, more and more learning curve (LC) papers are being published but there is no set definition of what should constitute a rigorous analysis and represent a true LC. A systematic review of the robotic surgical literature was undertaken to determine the range and heterogeneity of parameters reported in studies assessing the LC in robotic surgery.

Methods: The search was conducted in July 2017 in PubMed.

Return to sport and re-tears after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in children and adolescents.

Background: The primary objective of this study was to determine the time to and level of return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in children and adolescents. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the risk of early ACL re-tear after return to sports and the risk of ACL tear in the contralateral knee.

Hypothesis: The time to return to sports in young patients is considerably longer than in adults.