Prevalence and Economic Impact of Acute Respiratory Failure in the Prehospital Emergency Medical Service of the Madrid Community: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure (CHF), and acute pulmonary edema (APE) are serious illnesses that often require acute care from prehospital emergency medical services (EMSs). These respiratory diseases that cause acute respiratory failure (ARF) are one of the main reasons for hospitalization and death, generating high health care costs. The prevalence of the main respiratory diseases treated in a prehospital environment in the prepandemic period and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain is unknown.

Evaluation of TALK© training for interprofessional clinical debriefing in Latin America.

Background: Healthcare systems must adapt iteratively in response to external and local challenges while keeping patients and staff safe. Clinical debriefing is a cost-effective contributor to safety culture, facilitating learning and team adaptations that lead to improved processes, patient outcomes, and staff resilience. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, an interest has emerged in adopting TALK© to guide clinical debriefing to promote safety, mutual support, and cultural change within healthcare teams in Latin American contexts.

Assessment of an observed clinical skills exam in undergraduate medical education: a patient with opioid use disorder and chronic pain.

It is crucial that future physicians understand the nature of opioid use disorder (OUD). We designed a pilot Observed Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) using simulated patients (SPs) experiencing OUD with concurrent chronic pain. The case was piloted in 2021 and 2022 during the multi-station OSCE that all the medical school clerkship students take at the end of their third year of medical school.

Developing a module for early clinical exposure: Experience of five years.

Background: Preclinical students often fail to appreciate the clinical relevance of basic sciences during the first year of undergraduate medical training, leading them to lose interest in the subject, and preventing them from achieving the desired goals. In order to rectify this gap in the curriculum, Medical Council of India (MCI) in 2011 published a document announcing curricular strategies including Early Clinical Exposure (ECE) to effectively modify the Indian system of education. Lack of proper guidance prevented many institutions from implementing ECE.

Clinical Debriefing in Cardiology Teams: A National Survey in Spain.

Background: Clinical debriefing (CD) improves patient safety and builds team resilience.

Purpose: We describe the current use of CD by multiprofessional Spanish cardiology team members.

Methods: A self-administered survey exploring 31 items was disseminated online in October 2020.

Clinical debriefing during the COVID-19 pandemic: hurdles and opportunities for healthcare teams.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent pressures on healthcare staff and resources have exacerbated the need for clinical teams to reflect and learn from workplace experiences. Surges in critically ill patients, the impact of the disease on the workforce and long term adjustments in work and life have upturned our normality. Whilst this situation has generated a new 'connectedness' within healthcare workers, it also continues to test our resilience.

Simulation in PhD Programs to Prepare Nurse Scientists as Social Justice Advocates.

Nursing students seeking a PhD often learn only conceptually about principles such as diversity and inclusion, social determinants of health, and interprofessional team science. With only a conceptual understanding of these important elements, future nurse scientists may not fully understand their role as advocates for social justice for vulnerable populations. Students' real-life or hands-on experiences in these areas are often mentor dependent.

COVID-19 crisis, safe reopening of simulation centres and the new normal: food for thought.

Background: The world is facing a massive burden from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Governments took the extraordinary step of locking down their own countries to curb the spread of the coronavirus. After weeks of severe restrictions, countries have begun to relax their strict lockdown measures.

Developing a Workforce for Health in North Carolina: Planning for the Future.

Among the many trends influencing health and health care delivery over the next decade, three are particularly important: the transition to value-based care and increased focus on population health; the shift of care from acute to community-based settings; and addressing the vulnerability of rural health care systems in North Carolina.

(En)trust me: Validating an assessment rubric for documenting clinical encounters during a surgery clerkship clinical skills exam.

Background: The AAMC developed 13 Core Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) for graduating medical students. EPA 5 is: Document a clinical encounter in the patient record. Our goal was to develop an assessment rubric and gather evidence to support its validity in measuring progress towards entrustability.

Multi-professional simulation and risk perception of health care workers caring for Ebola-infected patients.

Introduction: Treatment of infections that require high-level isolation can cause anxiety and fear among health care workers. Adequate and complete multi-professional simulation-based training could reduce those feelings and improve patient care.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of multi-professional simulation-based training on the risk perception and preparedness of health care workers (registered nurses, doctors and ancillary staff) who care for patients assessed to be at risk or confirmed to have Ebola, level 3-4 biohazard.

Use of Simulation to Develop Teamwork Skills in Prelicensure Nursing Students: An Integrative Review.

Background: While use of simulation to improve teamwork skills has been established in a variety of clinical settings, it is unclear how teamwork skills of nursing students are developed using simulation.

Purpose: The purpose of this review was to synthesize literature on how simulation is used to teach teamwork skills to prelicensure nursing students.

Methods: The integrative review of the literature was conducted using the Whittemore and Knafl 5-stage methodology and the TeamSTEPPS framework.

A longitudinal interprofessional simulation curriculum for critical care teams: Exploring successes and challenges.

Interprofessional care teams are the backbone of intensive care units (ICUs) where severity of illness is high and care requires varied skills and experience. Despite this care model, longitudinal educational programmes for such workplace teams rarely include all professions. In this article, we report findings on the initial assessment and evaluation of an ongoing, longitudinal simulation-based curriculum for interprofessional workplace critical care teams.

Effect of pH Test-Strip Characteristics on Accuracy of Readings.

Background: Little is known about characteristics of colorimetric pH test strips that are most likely to be associated with accurate interpretations in clinical situations.

Objectives: To compare the accuracy of 4 pH test strips with varying characteristics (ie, multiple vs single colorimetric squares per calibration, and differing calibration units [1.0 vs 0.

Nutrition Support Protocols: Enhancing Delivery of Enteral Nutrition.

In critical care, malnutrition has a significant, negative impact on a patient's ability to respond to medical treatment. Enteral nutrition is known to counteract the metabolic changes associated with critical illness that increase the risk for serious complications and poor clinical outcomes. Inadequate delivery of nutrition support and underfeeding persist in intensive care units despite the availability of guidelines and current research for best practice.

Selection bias: Examining the feasibility, utility, and participant receptivity to incorporating simulation into the general surgery residency selection process.

Background: Opportunities exist to revise the current residency selection process to capture desirable candidate competencies. We examined the extent to which components of the American College of Surgeons/Association for Surgical Education simulation-based medical student curriculum combined with a teamwork activity could be used as potential screening method.

Methods: Students participated in a workshop consisting of training/evaluation of knot tying, suturing, airway management, gowning/gloving, and teamwork.

New Guidelines for Assessment of Malnutrition in Adults: Obese Critically Ill Patients.

Recently released recommendations for detection and documentation of malnutrition in adults in clinical practice define 3 types of malnutrition: starvation related, acute disease or injury related, and chronic disease related. The first 2 are more easily recognized, but the third may be more often unnoticed, particularly in obese patients. Critical care patients tend to be at high risk for malnutrition and thus require a thorough nutritional assessment.

What is the future of training in surgery? Needs assessment of national stakeholders.

Background: The Curriculum Committee of the American College of Surgeons-Accredited Educational Institutes conducted a need assessment to (1) identify gaps between ideal and actual practices in areas of surgical care, (2) explore educational solutions for addressing these gaps, and (3) shape a vision to advance the future of training in surgery.

Methods: National stakeholders were recruited from the committee members' professional network and interviewed via telephone. Interview questions targeted areas for improving surgical patient care, optimal educational solutions for training in surgery including simulation roles, and entities that should primarily bear training costs.

A multitiered strategy of simulation training, kit consolidation, and electronic documentation is associated with a reduction in central line-associated bloodstream infections.

Background: Simulation-based training has been associated with reduced central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates. We measured the combined effect of simulation training, electronic medical records (EMR)-based documentation, and standardized kits on CLABSI rates in our medical (MICU) and surgical (SICU) intensive care units (ICU).

Methods: CLABSI events and catheter-days were collected for 19 months prior to and 37 months following an intervention consisting of simulation training in central line insertion for all ICU residents, incorporation of standardized, all-inclusive catheter kits, and EMR-guided documentation.

Eye tracking as a debriefing mechanism in the simulated setting improves patient safety practices.

Introduction: Human patient simulation has been widely adopted in healthcare education despite little research supporting its efficacy. The debriefing process is central to simulation education, yet alternative evaluation methods to support providing optimal feedback to students have not been well explored. Eye tracking technology is an innovative method for providing objective evaluative feedback to students after a simulation experience.

Patient simulator sessions and critical thinking.

The project purpose was to determine whether measures of critical thinking show differences between three groups (simulator, non-simulator, control) of baccalaureate nursing students. The second purpose was to determine the moderating effect of students' preferred learning style. All groups experienced a moderate to large effect size in critical thinking scores.