Wastewater Monitoring During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Veneto Region, Italy: Longitudinal Observational Study.

Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic has affected populations around the world, there has been substantial interest in wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) as a tool to monitor the spread of SARS-CoV-2. This study investigates the use of WBE to anticipate COVID-19 trends by analyzing the correlation between viral RNA concentrations in wastewater and reported COVID-19 cases in the Veneto region of Italy.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) control chart method in detecting changes in SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in wastewater and its potential as an early warning system for COVID-19 outbreaks.

Deep learning-based design and experimental validation of a medicine-like human antibody library.

Antibody generation requires the use of one or more time-consuming methods, namely animal immunization, and in vitro display technologies. However, the recent availability of large amounts of antibody sequence and structural data in the public domain along with the advent of generative deep learning algorithms raises the possibility of computationally generating novel antibody sequences with desirable developability attributes. Here, we describe a deep learning model for computationally generating libraries of highly human antibody variable regions whose intrinsic physicochemical properties resemble those of the variable regions of the marketed antibody-based biotherapeutics (medicine-likeness).

Survival and oncological outcomes for young men (≤ 55 years) undergoing radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer.

Objectives: This research aimed to compare the prostate cancer (PCa) features, survival rate, and functional outcomes after open suprapubic Radical Prostatectomy (RP) between younger men (≤ 55 years) and older men (> 55 years).

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we studied 134 patients with clinically localized PCa who underwent RP at our centers between 2011 and 2019, with 26 (19.40%) patients aged ≤ 55.

Sex-Specific Clinical and Genetic Factors Associated With Adverse Outcomes in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Females with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy present at a more advanced stage of the disease and have a higher risk of heart failure and death. The factors behind these differences are unclear. We aimed to investigate sex-related differences in clinical and genetic factors affecting adverse outcomes in the Sarcomeric Human Cardiomyopathy Registry.

Total hip arthroplasty after pelvic osteotomy: a meta-analysis.

Several studies suggested that total hip arthroplasty (THA) was more technical demanding following previous pelvic osteotomy (PO), resulting in poor outcomes compared with primary THA. However, the other studies regarding this topic had reported contradictory results. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to compare the clinical results and other parameters between total hip arthroplasty following pelvic osteotomy and primary total hip arthroplasty.

Semiconductor photocatalytic antibacterial materials and their application for bone infection treatment.

Bacterial infection in bone tissue engineering is a severe clinical issue. Traditional antimicrobial methods usually cause problems such as bacterial resistance and biosecurity. Employing semiconductor photocatalytic antibacterial materials is a more controlled and safer strategy, wherein semiconductor photocatalytic materials generate reactive oxygen species under illumination for killing bacteria by destroying their cell membranes, proteins, DNA, In this review, P-type and N-type semiconductor photocatalytic materials and their antibacterial mechanisms are introduced.

Directed Evolution of AAV9 for Efficient Gene Expression in Cardiomyocytes and .

Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors are increasingly used for preclinical and clinical cardiac gene therapy approaches. However, gene transfer to cardiomyocytes poses a challenge due to differences between AAV serotypes in terms of expression efficiency and . For example, AAV9 vectors work well in rodent heart muscle cells but not in cultivated neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVCMs), necessitating the use of AAV6 vectors for studies.

Evaluation of an Interdisciplinary Educational Program to Foster Learning Health Systems: Education Evaluation.

Background: Learning health systems (LHS) have the potential to use health data in real time through rapid and continuous cycles of data interrogation, implementing insights to practice, feedback, and practice change. However, there is a lack of an appropriately skilled interprofessional informatics workforce that can leverage knowledge to design innovative solutions. Therefore, there is a need to develop tailored professional development training in digital health, to foster skilled interprofessional learning communities in the health care workforce in Australia.

Patients' choices regarding ventilatory support affect opioid use in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: To investigate the impact of different ventilatory support options on opioid use among patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 889 consecutive patients with ALS and enrolled 399 eligible patients. All patients were followed until death or tracheostomy.

Consideration of the work environment in a case of an industrial homeworker with allergic contact dermatitis by UV-curing acrylic resin.

We report a case of an industrial homeworker diagnosed with allergic contact dermatitis by UV-curing acrylic resin for crafts. Approximately 2 months after a female in her 40s started producing handicrafts using resin, itchy desquamative erythema and vesicles occurred on her eyelids and palms. The course of the symptoms suggested that her dermatitis was occupational origin.

The association between total social exposure and incident multimorbidity: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Multimorbidity, the co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions, is associated with the social determinants of health. Using comprehensive linked population-representative data, we sought to understand the combined effect of multiple social determinants on multimorbidity incidence in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: Ontario respondents aged 20-55 in 2001-2011 cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey were linked to administrative health data ascertain multimorbidity status until 2022.

Implantoplasty-Aided Prosthetic Rehabilitation for the Management of Peri-Implantitis in Maxilla Reconstructed With Free Fibula Flap: A Clinical Report.

For managing peri-implantitis, a variety of treatment modalities involving both surgical and nonsurgical methods including implantoplasty have been proposed. Implants that are placed in a free fibula flap are more prone to peri-implantitis due to the absence of firm, keratinized mucosa. Prosthetic design that offers adequate hygiene access should be designed whenever possible; otherwise, it may lead to the accumulation of plaque or biofilm that may lead to peri-implant diseases.

Temporal Trends of Fungal Infections in Cirrhotic Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study 2016-2020.

Background: Patients with cirrhosis are susceptible to infections due to abnormalities in humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Fungal infections are associated with delayed diagnosis and high mortality rates, emphasizing the importance of performing fungal cultures and maintaining elevated levels of suspicion in this patient population.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzes cirrhotic patients readmitted with bacterial and fungal infections and investigates outcomes, including in-hospital mortality and hospital resource utilization.

An Innovative Approach to Produce Silicone Mold-Based Antibiotic-Loaded Knee Spacer for Infected Knee Arthroplasty.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic-loaded cement articulating spacers produced through a silicone mold in the two-stage revision of infected total knee arthroplasty. Five individuals were prospectively treated with 2-stage revision using spacers made by this mold. Clinical assessment was conducted during and after implantation using the WOMAC Score, Oxford knee score, and range of motion (ROM).

Arthroscopic Stabilization of Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability Using Two Anchors, One Single-Loaded plus One Double-Loaded; a Prospective Study with Modified Technique.

Objectives: Anterior shoulder instability with minimal glenoid bone loss has several options for Bankart repair. We aimed to evaluate the results of a modified technique using two anchors with double and single loaded suture (three stitches in total) in arthroscopic Bankart surgery.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients underwent arthroscopic Bankart surgery and were assessed after an average 40 months follow-up.

Slope of the Medial Tibial Plateau and the Incidence of a Medial Meniscal Tear.

Objectives: Previous studies of the association between tibial slope and meniscal tear have led to contradictory results. In this regard, the present study aimed to examine the effect of medial tibial plateau slope on the incidence of isolated medial meniscal tear.

Methods: This study was performed on 75 patients with a posterior horn medial meniscal tear and 150 matched control subjects.

Validation of a tri-axial accelerometer for measuring physical activity in patients with subacute stroke.

Purpose: This study aimed to validate the accuracy of the Active Style Pro HJA-750C (ASP) in measuring metabolic equivalents (METs) during walking and reaching tasks in individuals with subacute stroke using a respiratory gas analyzer as a reference.

Methods: Twenty-three hospitalized patients with subacute stroke participated in this study. They performed sitting and standing reaching tasks, as well as walking while wearing a VO2 Master respiratory gas analyzer and ASP devices on both the paretic and non-paretic sides.

Efficacy of spray flushing in the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes.

This article comments on the article by Du , who conducted a randomized controlled trial aiming at evaluating the effectiveness of a novel spray flushing system in cleaning flexible endoscopes while minimizing damage to the working channels. We share our perspective on the importance of improving endoscope reprocessing methods. The findings highlight the spray flushing system's capacity to improve cleaning efficacy while minimizing damage, suggesting that it might be important in enhancing endoscope reprocessing procedures.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of severe gastric laceration with active bleeding: A case report.

Background: Endoscopic therapy is the primary approach for treating Mallory-Weiss syndrome, particularly under conditions of mucosal protection and gastric acid suppression. However, for a subset of patients who cannot undergo endoscopic intervention or for whom such treatment proves ineffective, alternative measures like arterial embolization or surgical intervention may be required. While hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been applied across a range of medical conditions, its application in managing hemorrhage due to gastric tears remains undocumented.

Bibliometric analysis on the top one hundred cited studies on gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. A great many of studies on gastrointestinal endoscopy have been done.

Aim: To analyze the characteristics of top 100 cited articles on gastrointestinal endoscopy.

The role of ferroptosis in colorectal cancer and its potential synergy with immunotherapy.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and deadly malignancies worldwide. Recently, ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death characterized by iron dependency and lipid peroxidation, has garnered significant attention from researchers. The mechanisms underlying ferroptosis, including intracellular iron levels, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant system regulation, offer new insights into cancer treatment strategies.

promotes synchronous multiple primary lung cancer progression through apoptosis regulation.

Background: Dysbiosis of the lung microbiome can contribute to the initiation and progression of lung cancer. Synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (sMPLC) is an increasingly recognized subtype of lung cancer characterized by high morbidity, difficulties in early detection, poor prognosis, and substantial clinical challenges. However, the relationship between sMPLC pathogenesis and changes in the lung microbiome remains unclear.

Extracellular matrix shapes cancer stem cell behavior in breast cancer: a mini review.

Today, cancer has become one of the leading global tragedies. It occurs when a small number of cells in the body mutate, causing some of them to evade the body's immune system and proliferate uncontrollably. Even more irritating is the fact that patients with cancers frequently relapse after conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, leading to additional suffering.

Eosinophil is a predictor of severe immune-related adverse events induced by ipilimumab plus nivolumab therapy in patients with renal cell carcinoma: a retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Introduction: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors are difficult to predict and can lead to severe events. Although it is important to develop strategies for the early detection of severe irAEs, there is a lack of evidence on irAEs associated with ipilimumab plus nivolumab therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between eosinophil and severe irAEs in patients receiving ipilimumab plus nivolumab therapy for RCC.

Synergetic role of TRPV4 inhibitor and mechanical loading on reducing inflammation.

Resolution of inflammation is essential for normal tissue healing and regeneration, with macrophages playing a key role in regulating this process through phenotypic changes from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state. Pharmacological and mechanical (mechanotherapy) techniques can be employed to polarize macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, thereby diminishing inflammation. One clinically relevant pharmacological approach is the inhibition of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4).