Examining the potential of an internet-based emotion regulation intervention added to acute psychiatric inpatient care: results from a randomized controlled pilot trial.

The feasibility and the preliminary effectiveness of an internet-based emotion regulation intervention added to acute psychiatric inpatient care were assessed with a randomized controlled pilot trial. Sixty patients were allocated in a 1:1 ratio to the intervention group or treatment as usual (TAU). Feasibility was evaluated via patient satisfaction, system usability, and program usage.

Process-based therapy vs. routine-CBT for difficult-to-treat mood and anxiety disorders: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Process-based therapy (PBT) is a new framework to intervention planning, based on the use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data and dynamic and idiographic network analyses. Support for its applicability has been reported from a single-case studies. Here, we examine the feasibility and effectiveness of PBT in a larger clinical sample.

Associations of Maternal Salivary Cortisol and Psychological Symptoms With Human Milk's Microbiome Composition.

Objective: Human milk (HM) is considered the best source of infant nutrition with many benefits for the infant. However, pregnancy changes can lead to increased stress in some women, which might affect HM composition. Although studies have demonstrated a link between maternal psychopathology and child development, it remains unclear how maternal psychobiological changes can be intergenerationally transmitted.

Prosody-focused feedback enhances the efficacy of anti-depressive self-statements in depressed individuals - A randomized controlled trial.

This study was aimed to evaluate whether the efficacy of invoking anti-depressive self-statements to cope with depressed mood can be enhanced for depressed individuals by systematically guiding them to amplify the expression of conviction in their voice. Accordingly, we recruited N = 144 participants (48 clinically depressed individuals, 48 sub-clinically depressed individuals, and 48 non-depressed individuals). Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental or control condition.

Teacher stress in social interactions in the light of polyvagal theory. An ambulatory assessment approach to teachers' heart rate and heart rate variability.

Background: Teaching is a genuinely social and highly demanding task. Drawing on Porges' phylogenetic polyvagal theory with three evolved systems and three associated behavioral responses (social engagement, mobilization, and immobilization), we investigated teachers' heart rate and heart rate variability in social interactions using ambulatory assessments.

Methods: We continuously measured heart rate and heart rate variability of 42 apparently healthy teachers on a work and leisure day with ambulatory electrocardiogram.

Estimation of minimal data sets sizes for machine learning predictions in digital mental health interventions.

Artificial intelligence promises to revolutionize mental health care, but small dataset sizes and lack of robust methods raise concerns about result generalizability. To provide insights on minimal necessary data set sizes, we explore domain-specific learning curves for digital intervention dropout predictions based on 3654 users from a single study (ISRCTN13716228, 26/02/2016). Prediction performance is analyzed based on dataset size (N = 100-3654), feature groups (F = 2-129), and algorithm choice (from Naive Bayes to Neural Networks).

Psychometric validation of the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale in German pre-pandemic and mid-pandemic samples.

Despite the public health value of immunizations, vaccine hesitancy is a widespread phenomenon and received special attention during the global COVID-19 pandemic. The Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale aims to identify anti-vaccination attitudes for understanding vaccine hesitancy. The present study is the validation of the German version of the VAX scale in pre-/mid-pandemic samples.

A randomized trial investigating the impact of response expectancy on the counting blessings intervention: the role of optimism as a moderator.

Introduction: This randomized controlled trial aimed to address a knowledge gap concerning the mechanisms responsible for the efficacy of gratitude interventions. Specifically, we investigated how various response expectancies (positive, ambiguous + negative, and no expectancy) impact the efficacy of the "counting blessings" intervention in influencing positive and negative emotions. Additionally, the study explores how optimism levels (high, medium, low) interact with these expectancies to influence intervention efficacy.

Within- and between therapist variability in movement and physiological synchrony and its effects on symptom change.

The predictive power of movement and electrodermal activity (EDA) synchrony has been demonstrated in various studies. Although most studies have examined each synchrony modality separately, a growing interest in the simultaneous investigation of multiple modalities has emerged. Previous research has demonstrated the importance of disentangling within and between-dyad effects, however within and between-therapist effects have yet to be investigated.

Towards standardization of person-reported outcomes (PROs) in pediatric diabetes research: A consensus report.

Background: Diabetes ranks among the most common chronic conditions in childhood and adolescence. It is unique among chronic conditions, in that clinical outcomes are intimately tied to how the child or adolescent living with diabetes and their parents or carers react to and implement good clinical practice guidance. It is widely recognized that the individual's perspective about the impact of trying to manage the disease together with the burden of self-management should be addressed to achieve optimal health outcomes.

Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychosocial interventions for PTSD, depression, and anxiety in asylum seekers, refugees, and other migrant populations: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies.

Background: Migrant populations are at increased risk of developing mental health problems. We aimed to compare the efficacy and acceptability of psychosocial interventions in this population.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA).

Analysing Digital Engagement Patterns: A Machine Learning Investigation into Social Anxiety Among Adolescents with ADHD.

The relationship between screen time and mental health among adolescents, particularly those identified as "digital natives", has become increasingly pertinent, especially in the context of heightened digital engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine the associations between digital engagement patterns, ADHD severity, and anxiety symptoms in adolescents aged 11-18. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with a sample of 97 adolescents diagnosed with ADHD.

Participant Adherence and Contact Behavior in a Guided Internet Intervention for Depressive Symptoms: Exploratory Study.

Background: The number of studies on internet-based guided self-help has rapidly increased during the last 2 decades. Guided self-help comprises 2 components: a self-help program that patients work through and usually weekly guidance from therapists who support patients using the self-management program. Little is known about participants' behavior patterns while interacting with therapists and their use of self-help programs in relation to intervention outcomes.

Advancing the personalized advantage index (PAI): a systematic review and application in two large multi-site samples in anxiety disorders.

Background: The Personalized Advantage Index (PAI) shows promise as a method for identifying the most effective treatment for individual patients. Previous studies have demonstrated its utility in retrospective evaluations across various settings. In this study, we explored the effect of different methodological choices in predictive modelling underlying the PAI.

Psychometric Properties of a Computer-Administered Self-Report Version of the Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions in Women (DISEX-F-SR).

The Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions in Women (DISEX-F) is a clinician-administered instrument allowing for an ICD-11 and DSM-5-compliant assessment of female sexual dysfunctions. Due to limited time and resources in practice and research, as well as patients' reticence in discussing sexual issues, a computer-administered self-report version was developed (DISEX-F-SR). This study aimed to collect initial data on its psychometric properties.

Facing depression: evaluating the efficacy of the EmpkinS-EKSpression reappraisal training augmented with facial expressions - protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Dysfunctional depressogenic cognitions are considered a key factor in the etiology and maintenance of depression. In cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), the current gold-standard psychotherapeutic treatment for depression, cognitive restructuring techniques are employed to address dysfunctional cognitions. However, high drop-out and non-response rates suggest a need to boost the efficacy of CBT for depression.

Neural dynamics of personality trait perception and interaction preferences.

According to recent research, self-reported Big Five personality traits are associated with preferences for faces that are representative of certain Big Five traits. Previous research has primarily focused on either preference for distinct prototypical personality faces or the accuracy of trait ratings for these faces. However, the underlying neural correlates involved in the processing of prototypical personality faces are unknown.

Enduring effects of psychotherapy, antidepressants and their combination for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Although depressive disorders are frequently associated with relapses, the sustained efficacy of therapies after their termination has been insufficiently investigated.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the current evidence of enduring effects of psychotherapy, antidepressants and their combination after the end of treatment.

Methods: PubMed and PsychINFO were systematically screened according to PRISMA guidelines (except for preregistration).

Choosing explanation over performance: Insights from machine learning-based prediction of human intelligence from brain connectivity.

A growing body of research predicts individual cognitive ability levels from brain characteristics including functional brain connectivity. The majority of this research achieves statistically significant prediction performance but provides limited insight into neurobiological processes underlying the predicted concepts. The insufficient identification of predictive brain characteristics may present an important factor critically contributing to this constraint.

Tailored internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for depression in older adults: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Depression is a common and serious problem in older adults, but few have access to psychological treatments. Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (ICBT) has the potential to improve access and has been found to be effective in adults with depression. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of tailored ICBT for depression in older adults aged 65 years or older.

"It's safer to believe that others don't like me" - A qualitative study on the paradoxical value of negative core beliefs in depression.

Depression is related to difficulty revising established negative self-beliefs in response to novel positive experiences. This propensity is in some way paradoxical because negative beliefs usually have many obvious negative consequences for the individual (e.g.