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Anatomical variations of origin of the internal carotid artery: Report of two cases and systematic review of the literature.

Vascular

September 2024

Department of Cardiovascular Prevention and Gender Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy.

Background: Anatomical variations of origin of the internal carotid artery (ICA) are very uncommon and may pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.

Objective: We report a case of direct origin of the right ICA from the innominate artery (aplasia of common carotid artery) and a case of duplication of right ICA in healthy patients who performed duplex ultrasound (DUS) for primary cardiovascular prevention screening.

Methods: In both cases, the ultrasound scan was performed both in a transverse plane and on the longitudinal axis, and in one of the two cases, a computed tomography angiography was performed to confirm the diagnosis.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how body fat distribution, particularly abdominal obesity (AO), affects the immune response to a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster in individuals with a history of infection.
  • Researchers measured specific antibody levels in 511 subjects over several months after receiving the booster dose, looking at differences between those with and without AO.
  • Results suggest that people with AO who were previously infected show a stronger immune response after the booster, indicating that this group may benefit from the additional dose of the vaccine.
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