Effects of bone metabolism on hematopoiesis: A Mendelian randomization study.

Objectives: Osteoblast is known to regulate hematopoiesis according to preclinical studies but the causal relationship in human remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate causal relationships of bone mineral density (BMD) with blood cell traits using genetic data.

Methods: Summary statistics from the largest available genome-wide association study were retrieved for total body BMD (TBBMD), lumbar spine BMD (LSBMD), femoral neck BMD (FNBMD) and 29 blood cell traits including red blood cell, white blood cell and platelet-related traits.

Microstructure of the human metastatic vertebral body.

Introduction: Bone spinal metastases disrupt the bone homeostasis, inducing a local imbalance in the bone formation and/or resorption, with consequent loss of the structural optimisation of the vertebrae and increase of the risk of fracture. Little is known about the microstructure of the metastatic tissue, the microstructure of the tissue surrounding the lesion, and how it does compare with vertebrae with no lesions observed on the biomedical images. A comprehensive assessment of the microstructural properties of the entire vertebral body can be obtained with micro computed tomography.

Associations of neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with frailty and its mortality.

Background: Frailty is an increasingly important determinant in the field of health, and its identification has important clinical significance in the field of critical care medicine. However, there are still a large number of challenges in quick and accurate identification of frailty. This study aims to evaluate the value of the neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) in frailty and its long-term survival.

Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Two Immunosuppressed Non-HIV Infected Patients: A Clinical and Therapeutic Analysis.

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is an opportunistic fungal infection that often occurs secondary to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, for non-HIV immunocompromised patients, such as those undergoing novel immunosuppressive treatments to manage malignancies, organ transplants, or connective tissue diseases, PJP is emerging as an increasing threat. The clinical manifestations of PJP in HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected patients differ significantly.

The effect of HLA genotype on disease onset and severity in CTLA-4 insufficiency.

Introduction: Human Cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-antigen-4 (CTLA-4) insufficiency caused by heterozygous germline mutations in is a complex immune dysregulation and immunodeficiency syndrome presenting with reduced penetrance and variable disease expressivity, suggesting the presence of disease modifiers that trigger the disease onset and severity. Various genetic and non-genetic potential triggers have been analyzed in CTLA-4 insufficiency cohorts, however, none of them have revealed a clear association to the disease. Multiple HLA haplotypes have been positively or negatively associated with various autoimmune diseases and inborn errors of immunity (IEI) due to the relevance of MHC in the strength of the T cell responses.

Corrigendum: The causal relationship between serum metabolites and the risk of psoriasis: a Mendelian randomization and meta-analysis study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.

Evaluation of the diagnostic efficiency of fluorescence hybridization for pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: In clinical practice, an accurate and efficient detection approach for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is highly needed. The fluorescence hybridization (FISH) assay for PTB might be a suitable alternative to current tests. However, a systematic assessment of the diagnostic performance of this new approach is not available.

Relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and neonatal birth weight in pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the association between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and neonatal birth weight in pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted between January 2019 and June 2020 at a university hospital in Fuzhou, China.

Results: Pre-pregnancy BMI was used to categorize 791 pregnant women as underweight (3.

A bibliometric analysis of optic atrophy from 2003 to 2023: research trends and hot spots.

Background: Optic atrophy (OA) is primarily caused by damage to the retinal pathway system, including widespread degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and axons, leading to visual impairment and blindness. Despite its clinical significance and diverse etiological factors, there is currently a lack of comprehensive bibliometric analyses exploring research trends and hotspots within this field.

Method: This study retrieved relevant literature on OA published between 2003 and 2023 from the Web of Science Core Collection database.

Serum Ferritin in Dengue Infection.

Dengue fever (DF), a significant global health issue, particularly impacts tropical and subtropical regions. Elevated serum ferritin levels are increasingly recognized as a biomarker for severe dengue infection. This review examines the role of serum ferritin in diagnosing and prognosticating dengue severity.

Interaction of human gut microbiota and local immune system in progression of colorectal adenoma (MIMICA-1): a protocol for a prospective, observational cohort study.

Introduction: The current understanding of colorectal carcinogenesis is based on the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, where genetics, intestinal microbiota changes and local immunity shifts seem to play the key roles. Despite the emerging evidence of dysbiotic intestinal state and immune-cell infiltration changes in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, early and advanced adenoma as precursors of colorectal cancer, and carcinoma as the following progression, are rather less studied. The newly colon-site adapted AI-based analysis of immune infiltrates is able to predict long-term outcomes of colon carcinoma.

Retrospective evaluation of acid-base imbalances, clinicopathologic alterations, and prognostic factors in hospitalized calves with Eimeria-associated diarrhea.

Introduction: After the neonatal period Eimeriosis is one of the most common causes of large intestinal diarrhea in calves. In contrast to neonatal calves with diarrhea, there are very few reports about the clinicopathological alterations in affected animals, which are mainly based on experimental data. The aim of the present study was therefore to characterize acid-base and related clinicopathologic alterations in calves with Eimeria-associated diarrhea and to identify variables associated with in-hospital mortality.

Curcumin nanocrystals ameliorate ferroptosis of diabetic nephropathy through glutathione peroxidase 4.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin nanocrystals (Cur-NCs) on ferroptosis in high-glucose (HG)-induced HK-2 cells and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy model (DN) rats. The purpose is to determine whether Cur NCs can become a promising treatment option for diabetes nephropathy by reducing ferroptosis.

Methods: Cur-NCs were prepared using microfluidic technology and studied using dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy.

Regulation and therapy: the role of ferroptosis in DLBCL.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), up to 30%-40% of patients will relapse and 10%-15% of patients have primary refractory disease, so exploring new treatment options is necessary. Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death mode discovered in recent years. Its occurrence pathway plays an essential impact on the therapeutic effect of tumors.

Comparing efficacy and safety of low-dose versus standard-dose antiplatelet therapy in stroke patients: a meta-analysis.

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of disability globally, with antiplatelet therapy being crucial for secondary prevention but also increasing bleeding risks. This requires careful dosage adjustments to balance thrombosis and bleeding risks.

Objective: This study compared the efficacy and safety of low-dose versus standard-dose antiplatelet therapy in stroke patients.

Cardioattentionnet: advancing ECG beat characterization with a high-accuracy and portable deep learning model.

Introduction: The risk of mortality associated with cardiac arrhythmias is considerable, and their diagnosis presents significant challenges, often resulting in misdiagnosis. This situation highlights the necessity for an automated, efficient, and real-time detection method aimed at enhancing diagnostic accuracy and improving patient outcomes.

Methods: The present study is centered on the development of a portable deep learning model for the detection of arrhythmias via electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, referred to as CardioAttentionNet (CANet).

An EEG-based framework for automated discrimination of conversion to Alzheimer's disease in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: an 18-month longitudinal study.

Background: As a clinical precursor to Alzheimer's disease (AD), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) bears a considerably heightened risk of transitioning to AD compared to cognitively normal elders. Early prediction of whether aMCI will progress to AD is of paramount importance, as it can provide pivotal guidance for subsequent clinical interventions in an early and effective manner.

Methods: A total of 107 aMCI cases were enrolled and their electroencephalogram (EEG) data were collected at the time of the initial diagnosis.

Adjunctive Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation for Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Studies.

Objective: In order to determine whether intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) is a viable adjunct treatment for schizophrenia, a meta-analysis of double-blind, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was performed.

Methods: Four independent researchers extracted and synthesized data from RCTs on adjunctive iTBS for patients suffering from schizophrenia. RevMan 5.

The method described by Czosnyka is particularly suitable for measuring CPPe in patients undergoing cerebral angiography.

Background: The primary objective of this study was to estimate the effective cerebral perfusion pressure (CPPe), critical closing pressure (CrCP), and resistance-area product (RAP) of the intravascular common carotid artery using three different methods. These estimates were then compared to the reference method of linear regression (LR).

Methods: In our previous study, we employed linear regression to evaluate the values of CrCP and RAP.

Association between the healthy eating index 2020 and heart failure among the U.S. middle-aged and older adults from NHANES 2005-2020: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aims to shed light on the correlation between Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020) and heart failure (HF) in American adults aged 50 or above.

Methods: Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2020, encompassing 13,105 participants with an age of 50 or above. HEI-2020 score was utilized for rating the dietary quality.

Rituximab-associated adverse events in nephrotic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Rituximab (RTX) has been recommended to treat nephrotic syndrome (NS), but its safety has not been quantitatively analyzed.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched from inception to December 31, 2023, for randomized control trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies reporting the adverse events (AEs) related to RTX for treating NS. Data were expressed as odds ratios (OR) and risk difference (RD) with 95 % confidence interval (CI).

Mechanistic insights into vascular biology via methyltransferase-like 3-driven N-adenosine methylation of RNA.

Recent advancements in the mechanistic comprehension of vascular biology have concentrated on METTL3-mediated N-methyladenosine modification of RNA, which modulates a spectrum of RNA functionalities with precision. Despite extensive investigations into the roles and mechanisms of METTL3 within vascular biology, a holistic review elucidating their interconnections remains absent. This analysis endeavors to meticulously scrutinize the involvement of METTL3 in both the physiological and pathological paradigms of vascular biology.

Impacts of intestinal microbiota metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide on cardiovascular disease: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite dependent on intestinal microbiota, is closely related to the emergence, progression, and prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and has received increasing attention in recent years.

Objective: The current research hotspots and future development trends in TMAO and CVD field are found through bibliometrics analysis, which provides reference for further study.

Methods: The bibliometrics tools VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to analyze the publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database.

Effects of maternal vitamin D supplementation on childhood health.

Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of health issues in the offspring. Accordingly, recent Endocrine Society guidelines strongly support supplementation in pregnancy, also underlining that without consensus on optimal maternal vitamin D levels, routine screening is currently irrelevant. Knowledge of organ-specific effects of vitamin D and its association with maternal vitamin D status may aid to optimize vitamin D supplementation.

Differences in lasers and laser technologies: what does a clinician need to know?

Purpose Of Review: This review focuses on recent advancements in laser technologies used in urology, particularly in enucleation, vaporization, lithotripsy, and focal laser ablation (FLA). The growing use of the thulium fiber laser (TFL) and the development of pulsed thulium lasers (p-Tm:YAG) highlight the relevance of this review, as these innovations aim to improve precision and outcomes in urological procedures.

Recent Findings: Recent studies have shown the advantages of TFL in achieving precise tissue ablation, reduced retropulsion offered by the Moses technology in holmium lasers, and the potential of pulsed thulium lasers for more precise control of the effects on tissues.