PIEZO1 activation enhances myogenesis and mitigates muscle degeneration in rotator cuff tear.

Muscle degeneration is a common issue caused by rotator cuff tear (RCT) which significantly affects prognosis. Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) play a crucial role to prevent muscle degeneration after RCT. However, the pathological changes and detailed molecular mechanism underlying the myogenesis of MuSCs after RCT remain incomplete.

Impact of surrogates for insulin resistance on mortality and life expectancy in primary care: a nationwide cross-sectional study with registry linkage (LIPIDOGRAM2015).

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is an important risk factor for multiple chronic diseases, increasing mortality and reducing life expectancy. The associations between emerging surrogates for IR, triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and TyG-related indicators, with all-cause mortality and life expectancy in middle-aged and older patients in primary care are unclear.

Methods: This study originated from the Polish primary care cohort LIPIDOGRAM2015, including patients aged ≥45 years.

Epidemiology of pulmonary embolism in China, 2021: a nationwide hospital-based study.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) as a preventable and potentially fatal noncommunicable disease was believed to have a lower incidence in Asian populations compared to Western populations. However, the incidence and mortality rates of PE in China and the impact of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention system constructions on PE still lack nationwide evidence.

Methods: For this nationwide hospital-based observational study, we used data from the National Hospital Quality Monitoring System (HQMS) and public database in China.

IL-12 family cytokines and autoimmune diseases: A potential therapeutic target?

In recent years, the discovery of IL-12 family cytokines, which includes IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, IL-35, and IL-39, whose biological functions directly or indirectly affect various autoimmune diseases. In autoimmune diseases, IL-12 family cytokines are aberrantly expressed to varying degrees. These cytokines utilize shared subunits to influence T-cell activation and differentiation, thereby regulating the balance of T-cell subsets, which profoundly impacts the onset and progression of autoimmune diseases.

Indole 3-acetate and response to therapy in borderline resectable or locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Background/aims: It was recently reported that a higher concentration of the bacterially produced metabolite indole 3-acetate (3-IAA) in blood was linked to a better response to chemotherapy in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, we aimed to extend these observations to patients diagnosed with non-metastatic PDAC.

Method: We measured circulating 3-IAA in samples from a prospective population-based cohort of 124 patients with borderline resectable or locally advanced PDAC, collected before initiating neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Major ozonated autohemotherapy promoted functional recovery following spinal cord injury in adult rats via the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation.

This study sought to explore the value of major ozonated autohemotherapy (MOA) as a treatment for spinal cord injury (SCI) in a rat model system. In total, 54 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into sham-operated, SCI model, and MOA treatment groups. We found that relative to the SCI model group, rats that underwent MOA treatment exhibited improved locomotor scores on days 14, 21, and 28 after injury ( < 0.

Identification of a new spliceogenic variant causing severe primary coenzyme Q deficiency.

Background And Aims: Primary Coenzyme Q (CoQ) deficiency caused by defects is a clinically heterogeneous mitochondrial condition characterized by reduced levels of CoQ in tissues. Next-generation sequencing has lately boosted the genetic diagnosis of an increasing number of patients. Still, functional validation of new variants of uncertain significance is essential for an adequate diagnosis, proper clinical management, treatment, and genetic counseling.

Salivary exosomes exacerbate colitis by bridging the oral cavity and intestine.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents a range of extraintestinal manifestations, notably including oral cavity involvement. The mechanisms underlying oral-gut crosstalk in IBD are not fully understood. Exosomes, found in various body fluids such as saliva, play an unclear role in IBD that requires further exploration.

Downstream transcription promotes human recurrent CNV associated AT-rich sequence mediated genome rearrangements in yeast.

AT-rich sequence can cause structure variants such as translocations and its instability can be accelerated by replication stresses. When human 16p11.2 or 22q11.

Nuclear transmembrane protein 199 promotes immune escapes by up-regulating programmed death ligand 1.

The function of transmembrane protein 199 (TMEM199) in cancer development has rarely been studied thus far. We report the nuclear localization of the TMEM199 protein and further analyzed the truncated fractions that mediate its nuclear localization. Cut&Tag assay globally explores the nuclear-located TMEM199 functions and tests its influence on the immune checkpoint PD-L1 and .

Partial cystectomy as a surgical option for colorectal cancer patients with pathological bladder invasion: an original retrospective study.

Background: Limited research exists on colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with bladder invasion, with survival outcomes post-cystectomy underexplored and a debate between partial and total cystectomy ongoing.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of pathological bladder invasion on the long-term tumour prognosis of patients with clinically diagnosed bladder invasion in CRC after cystectomy.

Design: Retrospective, cohort study.

Physical Performance and Activity in Older Prostate Cancer Survivors in Comparison with Population-based Matched Controls.

Background And Objective: Whether radical prostate cancer treatment affects long-term physical performance and physical activity in older men is not known. We aimed to compare physical performance and self-reported physical activity between relapse-free older prostate cancer survivors and population-based controls.

Methods: A single-centre, cross-sectional study including 109 men aged ≥70 yr receiving robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (61.

The pivotal role of sleep in mediating the effects of life stressors and healthy habits on allostatic load in mid-life adults.

Objectives: We assessed the modulation of allostatic load (AL) by engagement in healthy habits and life stressors, mediated through resilience and the perceived influence of the stressors. Sleep was included as third mediator given extensive evidence associating to all the analysed factors.

Methods: Structural equation models to assess the modulation of AL by either traumatic or psychosocial stressors and healthy habits were generated with data from 620 mid-life adults (age 51.

Advances in Clustering and Classification of Tic Disorders: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Tic disorders (TD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by heterogeneous tic symptoms in children, making diagnostic classification difficult. This complexity requires accurate subtyping using data-driven computational methods to identify patterns within clinical data. This systematic review primarily summarizes the current evidence for the classification of TD using a data-driven approach.

Twenty-one Years of Undergraduate Medical Student Research Training at the University of the Free State (UFS), South Africa.

Introduction: Since 2001, undergraduate medical students at the University of the Free State (UFS), South Africa, plan, perform, and report on their research projects during semesters 2-5 of their ten-semester training. We describe the research modules and review the projects of the first 21 years.

Methods: This cohort study included all undergraduate medical student projects that formed part of the first 21 presentations of the research modules.

Hydration in young water polo players: A bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) approach.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess hydration status before and after training using the bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) method.

Design: Pre-post quasi-experimental designs.

Method: Twenty-four young water polo players (mean age: 13.

A comprehensive examination and analysis of the effectiveness and safety of finerenone for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The study will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of finerenone in patients diagnosed with diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Methods: Various databases including PubMed, Sinomed, Web of Science, Embase, Clinical Trials, and Cochrane Library were systematically reviewed for pertinent studies published from the beginning to February 2024.This meta-analysis utilized RevMan 5.

Google Trends applications for COVID-19 pandemic: A bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: COVID-19 is one of the most severe global health events in recent years. Google Trends provides a comprehensive analysis of the search frequency for specific terms on Google, reflecting the public's areas of interest. As of now, there has been no bibliometric study on COVID-19 and Google Trends.

Outcomes of Combined Atezolizumab Plus Chemotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients in Clinical Practice.

Background/aim: Atezolizumab, one of the anti-PD-L1 antibodies, targets PD-L1 expressed on cancer cells and antigen-presenting cells. This immune checkpoint inhibitor is now commonly used in combination with chemotherapy. The objectives of this study were to confirm the treatment outcomes of combined atezolizumab plus chemotherapy, and to identify prognostic factors, with a particular focus on the impact of the site of metastasis in real-world clinical practice.

Autologous Neurosensory Retinal Flap Transplantation in a Porcine Model of Retinal Hole.

Purpose: Autologous retinal transplantation has been successfully employed in the treatment of large and myopic macular holes that are refractory to standard surgical treatments. Patients transplanted with a peripheral neurosensory retinal graft have shown unexpected improvements in visual acuity. The study aims to investigate if neural integration of the graft takes place in a porcine model of retinal hole.

Aβ-reactive T cell polyfunctionality response as a new biomarker for mild cognitive impairment.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves neuroinflammation and amyloid plaque deposition, yet the role of amyloid-reactive immune response in neurodegeneration remains unclear. We investigate amyloid-reactive T cell levels in the Epidemiology of Mild Cognitive Impairment Study in Taiwan (EMCIT) and Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (TPMIC) cohorts.

Method: Using diverse amyloid peptide formulations, we established a polyfunctionality assay for five T cell functions and compared mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients to control subjects in both cohorts.

Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors in Ulcerative colitis: real-world data on Therapeutic drug monitoring and evaluation of current treatment targets (STRIDE II).

Background: The benefit of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and implementation of recommendations from the Selection of Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD, STRIDE) are discussed in the IBD community. We report real-world data in ulcerative colitis patients receiving first-line tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) treatment followed by TDM, and assess how implementation of the STRIDE II recommendations might affect clinical practice.

Methods: Adult, biologically naïve UC patients starting TNFi between 2014 and 2021 at Oslo University Hospital were included in a medical chart review study, and data were collected at three and twelve months after the start of treatment.

Passing the Torch forward: Moving beyond EGFR Inhibition in NMIBC Prevention.

The study by Downs and colleagues targets patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to explore secondary/tertiary cancer prevention strategies. Utilizing a "window-of-opportunity" design, erlotinib was evaluated for its effect on EGFR phosphorylation, although the unconventional dosing regimen failed to demonstrate efficacy. New opportunities in NMIBC prevention include targeting FGFR3 mutations with emerging FGFR inhibitors.

Repurposing of Metformin to Improve Survival Outcomes in Patients With Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Purpose: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) presents a higher incidence rate in Taiwan compared to Western societies. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of metformin in improving survival outcomes for patients with UTUC in Taiwan.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 940 patients with UTUC and type 2 diabetes from the Taiwan UTUC Collaboration Group, spanning 21 hospitals from July 1988 to September 2023.