Electrical impedance tomography confirmed the impact of the method of delivery of term neonates on early lung aeration.

Background: The number of infants born via cesarean section (CS) is increasing globally due to medical and cultural reasons.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of the mode of delivery on early lung aeration in newborns using electrical impedance tomography (EIT).

Material And Methods: The case-control study was conducted from December 2020 to April 2021.

Effector genes of type III secretion system and biofilm formation in virulent isolates carrying and genes in hospital environment.

In critically ill patients, the occurrence of multidrug-resistant infection is a significant concern, given its ability to acquire multidrug-resistant, form biofilms and secrete toxic effectors. In Brazil, limited data are available regarding the prevalence of dissemination, and the impact of the type III secretion system (T3SS) on toxin production and biofilm formation in clinical isolates of . This study investigates the dissemination of virulent harbouring the and genes, the presence of T3SS genes and their biofilm-forming capability.

Aberrant Structural-Functional Coupling of Large-scale Brain Networks in Older Women with Subthreshold Depression.

Objectives: Subthreshold depression (SD) is common in the older population, more so in females than males, and can lead to serious physical and mental ill-health. However, the underlying neurobiology remains unclear. This study used multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the topological organization and coupling of the structural and functional brain networks in older women with SD.

[Clinical, hormonal and molecular genetic characteristics of patients with 46,XY disorders of sex development associated with variants in the gene].

Background: Deficiency of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (HSD17B3) is a rare variant of 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD).

Aim: To give clinical, hormonal and molecular genetic characteristics of cases of 46,XY DSD associated with variants in the HSD17B3 gene.

Materials And Methods: The study included 310 patients with 46,XY DSD for the period from 2015 to 2019.

Assessing the readability, quality and reliability of responses produced by ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity regarding most frequently asked keywords about low back pain.

Background: Patients who are informed about the causes, pathophysiology, treatment and prevention of a disease are better able to participate in treatment procedures in the event of illness. Artificial intelligence (AI), which has gained popularity in recent years, is defined as the study of algorithms that provide machines with the ability to reason and perform cognitive functions, including object and word recognition, problem solving and decision making. This study aimed to examine the readability, reliability and quality of responses to frequently asked keywords about low back pain (LBP) given by three different AI-based chatbots (ChatGPT, Perplexity and Gemini), which are popular applications in online information presentation today.

The Current State of Perioperative Chemotherapy in Resectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Narrative Review.

Perioperative chemotherapy has emerged as a critical component in managing resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), aiming to improve long-term survival, although data supporting its use remains controversial. This narrative review explores the current state of perioperative chemotherapy in patients with resectable CRLM, focusing on its role in different oncological risk categories. The review highlights ongoing controversies, such as optimal patient selection and the role of post- versus preoperative treatment in specific scenarios.

Disturbed hierarchy and mediation in reward-related circuits in depression.

Backgrounds/objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has proved the viability of alleviating depression symptoms by stimulating deep reward-related nuclei. This study aims to investigate the abnormal connectivity profiles among superficial, intermediate, and deep brain regions within the reward circuit in major depressive disorder (MDD) and therefore provides references for identifying potential superficial cortical targets for non-invasive neuromodulation.

Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from a cohort of depression patients (N = 52) and demographically matched healthy controls (N = 60).

Multicenter screening for ADHD among school-age pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes - study protocol.

Purpose: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition that affects approximately 5% of the pediatric population, with increased prevalence among those with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Reports suggest that unrecognized and untreated ADHD impairs T1D control and that ADHD may be underdiagnosed in the Polish population. The International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes recommends neurodevelopmental assessments in children with T1D, but specific guidelines on procedures and implementation are lacking.

Impact of Combined Antiretroviral Treatment (cART) on Latent Cytomegalovirus Infection.

Cytomegalovirus infections and reactivations are more frequent in people living with HIV (PLWH) and have been associated with increased risk of HIV progression and immunosenescence. We explored the impact of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on latent CMV infection in 225 young adults parenterally infected with HIV during childhood. Anti-CMV IgG antibodies were present in 93.

Interrelationships of the Intestinal Microbiome, Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein with Crohn's Disease Activity.

Unlabelled: Crohn's disease (CD) is a multifactorial inflammatory bowel disease whose pathogenetic mechanisms are a field of ongoing study. Changes in the intestinal microbiome in CD may influence metabolite production and reflect the disease's severity. We investigate the relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LPS) levels and changes in the gut microbiome in patients with CD of various degrees of activity.

A Real-Life Study in Sequential Therapy for Severe Menopausal Osteoporosis.

Teriparatide (TPT) acts against severe primary (postmenopausal) osteoporosis (MOP), and it requires continuation with another anti-resorptive drug to conserve or enhance the effects on fracture risk reduction. To analyse the sequential pharmacotherapy in MOP who were treated upon a 24-month daily 20 µg TPT protocol (24-mo-TPT) followed by another 12 months of anti-resorptive drugs (12-mo-AR) amid real-life settings. 1.

Unmet Needs in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus and the Characteristics of the Ideal Treatment: A Spanish Cross-Sectional Survey from a Multidisciplinary Perspective.

Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is underdiagnosed and not fully understood by healthcare professionals, which leads to poor patient management and impacts patients' quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to analyse unmet needs in CKD-aP management and explore the attributes/characteristics that the ideal CKD-aP treatment should have from the perspective of a group of nephrologists, hospital pharmacists, nurses, patient representatives, and regional health authorities in Spain. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using an e-survey including ad hoc questions (6-point Likert scale) related to unmet needs in CKD-aP and best-worst scaling (BWS) to prioritise the attributes/characteristics of the ideal CKD-aP treatment.

Challenges in Diagnosing Adolescent Goiter: A Case Report with Brief Literature Insights in Juvenile Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis of the Thyroid Gland.

The prevalence of goiter, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancers in the pediatric population has increased. In some rare cases, local conditions such as juvenile desmoid-type fibromatosis (JDTF) can mimic specific thyroid pathology, complicating the diagnostic process. A 17-year-old obese adolescent girl was admitted to the Endocrinology Department with progressive swelling on the left side of the neck, persisting for approximately one year, recently accompanied by dysphonia and inspiratory dyspnea, and ultimately diagnosed as a unilateral nodular goiter associated with compressive phenomena.

Is the Central Sensitization in Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain Structural Phenomenon or Psychological Reaction? A Narrative Review.

Lower back pain (LBP) is a common condition affecting primarily populations in developed countries, placing a significant burden on public health systems around the world. A high rate of pain recurrence increases the risk of developing a chronic syndrome and the occurrence of complex psychosocial and professional problems. Symptoms lasting longer than 12 weeks are associated with the risk of sleep problems, depression, and anxiety.

The Clinical Use of Myo-Inositol in IVF-ET: A Position Statement from the Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS), the Polish Society of Andrology, and the International Scientific Association for the Support and Development of Medical Technologies.

Myo-inositol plays a vital role in human health, functioning as a second messenger of FSH and facilitating the transport of glucose into the cell. Consequently, myo-inositol is regularly utilized in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), wherein it acts upon metabolic factors, improving insulin sensitivity and reducing total androgen levels. Patients with PCOS frequently suffer from infertility; thus, the use of myo-inositol has been explored in improving assistive reproductive technique (ART) procedures.

Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience: Transformative Synergies in Brain Research and Clinical Applications.

The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and neuroscience is redefining our understanding of the brain, unlocking new possibilities in research, diagnosis, and therapy. This review explores how AI's cutting-edge algorithms-ranging from deep learning to neuromorphic computing-are revolutionizing neuroscience by enabling the analysis of complex neural datasets, from neuroimaging and electrophysiology to genomic profiling. These advancements are transforming the early detection of neurological disorders, enhancing brain-computer interfaces, and driving personalized medicine, paving the way for more precise and adaptive treatments.

Local Control of Advanced Breast Cancer-Debate in Multidisciplinary Tumor Board.

: In Romania, breast cancer is the second most common cancer, the third leading cause of cancer death, and the most prevalent cancer overall. De novo advanced-stage breast cancer often presents in clinical practice, and treatment decisions are best made in a multidisciplinary tumor board (MTD) involving surgeons, radiotherapists, and medical oncologists. Significant advances in systemic therapies, particularly in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), have surpassed traditional palliative mastectomy and radiotherapy for local control.

Maternal and Fetal Complications in Pregnant Women with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Literature Review and Two Case Reports.

Neurofibromatosis is a genetic disorder arising de novo or with an autosomal dominant transmission that typically presents either at birth or in early childhood, manifesting through distinctive clinical features such as multiple café-au-lait spots, benign tumors in the skin, bone enlargement, and deformities. This literature review aims to resume the spectrum of maternal and fetal complications encountered in pregnant women with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Thorough research was conducted on databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Wiley Online Library.

The Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Management of Infantile Hemangiomas-A Comprehensive Review.

Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common pediatric benign vascular tumor. Its pathogenesis is still poorly understood, and it usually appears during the first few weeks of life and follows a characteristic natural course of proliferation and involution. Most IHs are small, benign, resolve spontaneously, and do not require active treatment but only active observation.

Diagnostic Utility of Procalcitonin and Lactate Determination in Cerebrospinal Fluid for the Diagnosis of Neonatal Meningitis.

: The diagnosis of meningitis is based on microbiological analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid, and the evaluation of cytosis and biochemical parameters such as protein and glucose levels. Sometimes when there is a traumatic lumber puncture, the cerebrospinal fluid is bloody, which makes it difficult to diagnose. The objective of the study was to examine the performance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) procalcitonin (PCT) and lactate as potential markers for the diagnosis of meningitis in neonates.

Spatial Distribution Dynamics of Sensory Disturbances in the Treatment of Obesity-Related Meralgia Paresthetica Using Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation.

To date, there have been no studies on the dynamics of areas of pain, paraesthesia and hypoesthesia after the use of various transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of meralgia paresthetica. In this pilot study, we observed 68 patients with obesity-related bilateral meralgia paresthetica. Pain syndrome, paraesthesia symptoms, and hypoesthesia were evaluated using 10-point scores.

The Never Ending Story-What Are the Differentiable Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics Between Pyogenic and Mycobacterial Thoracolumbar Infections?

: This study aimed to determine if MRI features can distinguish between spinal infections caused by pyogenic bacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. : Patients underwent an MRI of the thoracolumbar spine with and without contrast. Three blinded observers assessed the images, using statistical tests for analysis.

Structural Equation Modelling of Retinopathy of Prematurity Treatment Integrating Both Physical and Clinical Effects.

We sought to develop a structural equation model (SEM) identifying physical and clinical risk factors associated with treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This retrospective, observational, case-control study included 314 infants screened for ROP between April 2004 and July 2024. A bivariate binary logistic regression model, decision tree, and structural equation model (SEM) were employed to develop a more general model for ROP requiring treatment.

A Rare Case of Neonatal Desmoid Tumor Leading to Severe Aortic Coarctation: Review of Literature and Case Report.

Desmoid tumors are a rare entity, especially in the pediatric population. There are no reports of such a tumor in newborns. They are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, even though they are benign soft tissue tumors.