11-Oxygenated androgens are not secreted by the human ovary: in-vivo data from four different cases of hyperandrogenism.

Objective: Differentiation of an adrenal from an ovarian source of hyperandrogenemia can be challenging. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of 11-oxygenated C19 steroids to the androgen pool in humans. The aim of this study was to confirm the origin of 11-oxygenated androgens in females and to explore their potential use in the diagnostics of hyperandrogenic disorders.

A systematic review of experimental animal studies on microbial bioaerosols: Dose-response data for the derivation of exposure limits.

Although exposure to high levels of microbial bioaerosols can be linked to the deterioration of the human respiratory system, precise exposure levels responsible for such effects are still unknown. A previous systematic review concluded that there was not enough information in the studies in humans to derive an exposure-response relationship. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to derive exposure limits for microbial bioaerosols based on health effects in experimental animal studies.

Audiometric notch and extended high-frequency hearing threshold shift in relation to total leisure noise exposure: An exploratory analysis.

Background: Studies investigating leisure noise effect on extended high frequency hearing are insufficient and they have inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to investigate if extended high-frequency hearing threshold shift is related to audiometric notch, and if total leisure noise exposure is associated with extended high-frequency hearing threshold shift.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire of the Ohrkan cohort study was used to collect information on demographics and leisure time activities.

Feasibility of activity-promoting video games among obese adolescents and young adults in a clinical setting.

One component of the recent obesity epidemic is the sedentary behaviour of children and adolescents e.g., use of video games consoles.