Osteopenia Metabolomic Biomarkers for Early Warning of Osteoporosis.

: This study aimed to capture the early metabolic changes before osteoporosis occurs and identify metabolomic biomarkers at the osteopenia stage for the early prevention of osteoporosis. : Metabolomic data were generated from normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups with 320 participants recruited from the Nicheng community in Shanghai. We conducted individual edge network analysis (iENA) combined with a random forest to detect metabolomic biomarkers for the early warning of osteoporosis.

Nomogram for Predicting Suboptimal Weight Loss at Three Years after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery in Chinese Patients with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: Strategies to address suboptimal weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) can be developed if at-risk patients are identified in advance. This study aimed to build a pre-surgery prediction nomogram for early prediction of insufficient weight loss (IWL) or weight regain (WR) after bariatric surgery in Chinese patients.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 187 patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes who underwent laparoscopic RYGB were followed yearly for 3 years.

Black Tea drinks with inulin and dextrin reduced postprandial plasma glucose fluctuations in patients with type 2 diabetes: an acute, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind crossover study.

Background: This study evaluated the effects of black tea drinks with inulin and dextrin (BTID) on postprandial plasma glucose (PG) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: An acute, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial was carried out on T2DM patients. The subjects were randomly assigned to groups consuming placebo black tea powder or BTID (identically packaged) followed by a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT).

Celiac Disease, Gluten-Free Diet and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten-containing food by genetically predisposed individuals. Hence, treatment of CD consists of permanent avoidance of wheat, rye, barley, and other gluten-containing foods. Lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) improves the symptoms of CD, but recent evidence suggests it is also associated with a higher risk for hepatic steatosis and the coexistence or emergence of other cardiometabolic risk factors.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles induces cell death and consequently leading to incomplete neural tube closure through oxidative stress during embryogenesis.

The implementation of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) raises concerns regarding their potential toxic effects on human health. Although more and more researches have confirmed the toxic effects of ZnO NPs, limited attention has been given to their impact on the early embryonic nervous system. This study aimed to explore the impact of exposure to ZnO NPs on early neurogenesis and explore its underlying mechanisms.

Association of plasma trans fatty acid concentrations with blood pressure and hypertension in U.S. adults.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the association of plasma trans fatty acids (TFAs) biomarkers with the risk of hypertension.

Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES 2009-2010), we conducted a thorough analysis using both the traditional regression model and the Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) model to investigate the associations of individual TFAs and their mixtures with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and the risk of hypertension in a sample of 1,970 American adults.

Results: The concentrations of TFAs were natural logarithms (ln) transformed to approximate a normal distribution.

Nomogram for Predicting Remission of Metabolic Syndrome 1 Year after Sleeve Gastrectomy Surgery in Chinese Patients with Obesity.

Purpose: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a widely used and effective treatment for patients with obesity and comorbid metabolic abnormalities. No specialized tool is available to predict metabolic syndrome (MS) remission after SG. We presented a nomogram that evaluated the probability of MS remission in obese patients 1 year after SG.

Bioactive Compounds in : Mechanisms of Action, Focus on Their Anti-Inflammatory Properties.

() is a tropical tree native to Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan; it is cultivated for its nutritious leaves, pods, and seeds. This scientific study was conducted to outline the anti-inflammatory properties and mechanisms of action of bioactive compounds from The existing research has found that the plant is used in traditional medicine due to its bioactive compounds, including phytochemicals: flavonoids and polyphenols. The compounds are thought to exert their anti-inflammatory effects due to: (1) inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes: quercetin and kaempferol inhibit the pro-inflammatory enzymes (cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase); (2) regulation of cytokine production: isothiocyanates modulate signaling pathways involved in inflammation, such as the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) pathway; isothiocyanates inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α) and IL-1β (interleukin-1β); and (3) antioxidant activity: contains flavonoids, polyphenols, known to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation.

Incidence rate and risk factors for hypoglycemia among individuals with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes in China receiving insulin treatment.

Aims: We investigated the real-world incidence of hypoglycemic events among patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (T1DM or T2DM) receiving insulin in routine clinical practice in China.

Methods: In this observational study, data were collected electronically via the Lilly Connected Care Program (LCCP) electronic system from adults with T1DM or T2DM who had registered on LCCP between 1 February 2019 and 31 January 2022, had used insulin for a full 12-week period following registration. The following outcomes were assessed during the 12 weeks following registration: incidence of level 1 and level 2 hypoglycemia.

The impact of metabolic surgery on natural conception rates in women with infertility, obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome: a retrospective study.

Background: Women with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (OPOS) are at high risk for infertility. However, the reproductive effects of metabolic surgery on women with infertility and OPOS have not been fully elucidated.

Objectives: We investigated the natural conception rates after metabolic surgery, and the variables associated with infertility in women with OPOS.

Polyphenol Analysis via LC-MS-ESI and Potent Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Activities of L. Extracts Used in Benin Pharmacopoeia.

L., a plant from the family, is commonly used in Benin's traditional medicine due to its therapeutic benefits. This study aims to explore the medicinal efficacy of L.

Effects of Incretin-Based Treatment on the Diastolic (Dys)Function in Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Study with 1-Year Follow-Up.

Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) is a subclinical cardiac abnormality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that can progress to heart failure (HF) and increase cardiovascular risk. This prospective study evaluated the DD in T2DM patients without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease after one year of incretin-based drugs added to standard treatment. Of the 138 enrolled patients (49.

Machine Learning Prediction of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Chinese Premenopausal Women 12 Months after Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Premenopausal women, who account for more than half of patients for bariatric surgery, are at higher risk of developing postoperative iron deficiency anemia (IDA) than postmenopausal women and men. We aimed at establishing a machine learning model to evaluate the risk of newly onset IDA in premenopausal women 12 months after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Premenopausal women with complete clinical records and undergoing SG were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Could Endothelin-1 Be a Promising Neurohormonal Biomarker in Acute Heart Failure?

Acute heart failure (AHF) is a life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality. Even though this pathology has been extensively researched, there are still challenges in establishing an accurate and early diagnosis, determining the long- and short-term prognosis and choosing a targeted therapeutic strategy. The use of reliable biomarkers to support clinical judgment has been shown to improve the management of AHF patients.

Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Current Background, Hopes, and Perspectives.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, reaching one of the highest prevalences in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). For now, no specific pharmacologic therapies are approved to prevent or treat NAFLD. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are currently evaluated as potential candidates for NAFLD treatment in patients with T2DM.

Percentage of maximum weight lost as an optimal parameter of weight regain after bariatric surgery in Chinese patients with diabetes.

Objective: The goal of this study was to compare measures of weight regain (WR) and their association with the glucose metabolism deterioration within 3 years following bariatric surgery among Chinese patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Among a retrospective cohort of 249 patients with obesity and T2DM who underwent bariatric surgery and were followed up to 3 years, WR was assessed by weight changes, BMI changes, percentage of presurgery weight, percentage of nadir weight, and percentage of maximum weight lost (%MWL). Glucose metabolism deterioration was defined as a change from an absence of antidiabetic medication use to use, or absence of insulin use to use, or an increase in glycated hemoglobin by at least 0.

Essential oils from genus: Traditional uses, chemical composition, toxicology, and health benefits.

The genus belongs to the Amaranthaceae family and is known for its many health benefits. Therefore, it is commonly available worldwide and includes more than 47 species, five species have been mainly reported, and has been one of the most widely used plants for thousands of years as a remedy for a wide range of ailments. In recent investigations, the essential oils of the genus have been examined for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiviral properties related to specific components such as terpenoid compounds that exhibit pharmacological activity.

Ischemic Heart Disease in the Context of Different Comorbidities.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide [...

Ultrasound-Based Hepatic Elastography in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Focus on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent liver disease and is the hepatic expression of metabolic syndrome. The development of non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis and advanced fibrosis in high-risk patients, especially those with type 2 diabetes mellitus, is highly needed to replace the invasive method of liver biopsy. Elastographic methods can bring significant added value to screening and diagnostic procedures for NAFLD in patients with diabetes, thus contributing to improved NAFLD management.

Obesity-Induced Hepatic Steatosis Is Partly Mediated by Visceral Fat Accumulation in Subjects with Overweight/Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: We explored whether visceral fat accumulation mediates the development of hepatic steatosis in individuals living with overweight and obesity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 769 outpatients with overweight and obesity aged 18-65 years. The controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) was used to quantify the degree of hepatic steatosis.

Association of Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers with Mitral Annular Calcification in Type 2 Diabetes Patients.

(1) Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) contributes to cardiovascular disease and related mortality through the insidious effects of insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is one such degenerative process promoted by T2DM. (2) Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of insulin resistance, inflammation, and hepatic steatosis markers in T2DM patients without atherosclerotic manifestations, but with incidental echocardiographic detection of mild MAC.

Combined HASPIN and mTOR inhibition is synergistic against KRAS-driven carcinomas.

Background: Oncogenic mutations in the KRAS gene are very common in human cancers, resulting in cells with well-characterized selective advantages. For more than three decades, the development of effective therapeutics to inhibit KRAS-driven tumorigenesis has proved a formidable challenge and KRAS was considered 'undruggable'. Therefore, multi-targeted therapy may provide a reasonable strategy for the effective treatment of KRAS-driven cancers.

New Insights into Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Coronary Artery Disease: The Liver-Heart Axis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the hepatic expression of the metabolic syndrome and is the most prevalent liver disease. NAFLD is associated with liver-related and extrahepatic morbi-mortality. Among extrahepatic complications, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of mortality in patients with NAFLD.

Simple surrogate equations to predict controlled attenuation parameter values for screening non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a Chinese population.

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease. The controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) obtained by FibroScan reflects the level of liver steatosis in patients with obesity. Our study aimed to construct a simple equation to predict the CAP, to facilitate the screening and monitoring of patients at high risk for NAFLD.