Association between resolution of MRI-detected inflammation and improved clinical outcomes in axial spondyloarthritis under long-term anti-TNF therapy.

Objectives: In this post-hoc analysis of ESTHER trial, we aimed to investigate the longitudinal relationship between inflammation on MRI and the achievement of inactive disease/low disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) treated with long-term tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor etanercept.

Methods: Of the 76 patients with active axSpA in the ESTHER trial, we included all patients treated with etanercept for at least 6 months for main analysis. All clinical and MRI data from 4.

Burden of coronary artery calcification in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). Screening and primary cardiovascular prevention may improve outcomes.

Methods: We identified patients in the 2002-2019 Mass General Brigham AAV cohort with thoracic CT scans obtained for other clinical purposes.

Distinguishing Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children from Typhus Using Artificial Intelligence: MIS-C vs. Endemic Typhus (AI-MET).

Background: The pandemic emergent disease multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) following coronavirus disease-19 infection can mimic endemic typhus. We aimed to use artificial intelligence (AI) to develop a clinical decision support system that accurately distinguishes MIS-C versus Endemic Typhus (MET).

Methods: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory features rapidly available following presentation were extracted for 133 patients with MIS-C and 87 patients hospitalized due to typhus.

Digital Transformation of Rheumatology Care in Germany: Cross-Sectional National Survey.

Background: In recent years, health care has undergone a rapid and unprecedented digital transformation. In many fields of specialty care, such as rheumatology, this shift is driven by the growing number of patients and limited resources, leading to increased use of digital health technologies (DHTs) to maintain high-quality clinical care. Previous studies examined user acceptance of individual DHTs in rheumatology, such as telemedicine, video consultations, and mHealth.

Dose effect of corticosteroids on peripheral lymphocyte profiles in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: To investigate the dose effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on peripheral lymphocyte profiles in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study investigated the impact of varied MP doses on peripheral lymphocyte subtypes in SLE patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study involving 51 SLE patients, categorized into four groups (40 mg/day, 80 mg/day, 500 mg/day, and 1000 mg/day) based on the administered MP dosage during hospitalization.

Elevated Galectin-3 levels in the tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer - implication of ROS mediated suppression of NK cell antitumor response via tumor-associated neutrophils.

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is a lethal disease with low survival rates for women diagnosed in advanced stages. Current cancer immunotherapies are not efficient in ovarian cancer, and there is therefore a significant need for novel treatment options. The β-galactoside-binding lectin, Galectin-3, is involved in different immune processes and has been associated with poor outcome in various cancer diagnoses.

Exploration of molecular biomarkers in ankylosing spondylitis transcriptomics.

Background: Inflammation of the spine and sacroiliac joints is a hallmark of the chronic, progressive inflammatory illness known as ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The insidious onset and non-specific early symptoms of AS often lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment, which may result in the onset of disability. It is therefore imperative to identify new biomarkers.

Focal Septic Arthritis Elicits Age and TLR2-Dependent Periarticular Bone Loss.

Introduction: Septic arthritis, primarily caused by (), is a severe joint infection that leads to joint and bone damage. lipoproteins (LPPs) bind to Toll-like Receptor 2 (TLR2), inducing arthritis and localized bone loss. Aging affects TLR2 immune response to pathogens.

Research team diversity impacts scientific output in allergy and immunology programs.

Background: This study examined the relationship between the disciplinary diversity of research teams and research output (RO) in allergy and immunology programs funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States, Medical Research Council (MRC) in the United Kingdom, and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).

Methods: Using a dataset containing 1243, 3645, and 1468 articles funded by the NIH, MRC, and JSPS, respectively, we analyzed the correlation between disciplinary diversity and RO in allergy and immunology programs that received grants from 2017 to 2021. Diversity was measured using All Science Journal Classification codes counts, Shannon-Wiener index, and newly developed Omnidisciplinary index (o-index).

Tumor burden with AFP improves survival prediction for TACE-treated patients with HCC: An international observational study.

Background & Aims: Current prognostic models for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are not extensively validated and widely accepted. We aimed to develop and validate a continuous model incorporating tumor burden and biology for individual survival prediction and risk stratification.

Methods: Overall, 4,377 treatment-naive candidates for whom TACE was recommended, from 39 centers in five countries, were enrolled and divided into training, internal validation, and two external validation datasets.

Exploring the Influence of Oral and Gut Microbiota on Ulcerative Mucositis: A Pilot Cohort Study.

Aim: Comparing oral and gut microbiome profiles between patients with and without ulcerative mucositis during allogeneic stem cell transplantation (aSCT).

Materials And Methods: Specimens from oral mucosa, saliva, and stool were collected pre-(T0) and post- (T0 +28d ± 14d) aSCT (T1). Microbiome structure differences were analyzed by 16S-rRNA-gene sequencing, and associations to patients' clinical characteristics were investigated.

Celecoxib is the only nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to inhibit bone progression in spondyloarthritis.

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to ankylosis of the axial skeleton. Celecoxib (cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, COX-2i) inhibited radiographic progression in a clinical study of SpA, but in the following study, diclofenac (COX-2 non-selective) failed to show that inhibition. Our study aimed to investigate whether nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibited bone progression in SpA, and whether celecoxib had a unique function (independent of the COX-inhibitor), compared with the other NSAIDs.

Future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus based on CSTAR (XXVIII): the effect of different antiphospholipid antibodies isotypes.

Background: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suffered from an increasing risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this multi-center prospective study, we aimed to determine the association between antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in SLE.

Methods: In total, 1573 SLE patients were recruited based on the Chinese SLE Treatment and Research group (CSTAR) registry.

Refining Chronic Pain Phenotypes: A Comparative Analysis of Sociodemographic and Disease-Related Determinants Using Electronic Health Records.

The use of electronic health records (EHR) for chronic pain phenotyping has gained significant attention in recent years, with various algorithms being developed to enhance accuracy. Structured data fields (e.g.

Immune checkpoint blockade in experimental bacterial infections.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors designed to reinvigorate immune responses suppressed by cancer cells have revolutionized cancer therapy. Similarities in immune dysregulation between cancer and infectious diseases has prompted investigations into the role of immune checkpoints in infectious diseases, including the therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint blockade and drug repurposing. While most research has centered around viral infections, data for bacterial infections are emerging.

Association of protein intake with discordance between cystatin C- and creatinine-based eGFR in community-dwelling Japanese adults.

Objective: Recent studies have reported the prognostic implications of the discordance between creatinine-based and cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR and eGFR, respectively); however, the associations of protein intake with the eGFR discordance have not been investigated. The present study investigated whether protein intake was associated with the discordance between eGFR and eGFR.

Design And Methods: We cross-sectionally analyzed data from a Japanese community-based cohort including 6,143 participants (50.

Impact of prior teriparatide treatment on the effectiveness of romosozumab in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis: A case-control study.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of prior teriparatide (TPTD) treatment on the effectiveness of romosozumab (ROMO) in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Methods: In this retrospective, case-controlled, multicenter study, 323 postmenopausal patients were initiated ROMO. Of these, 275 were treatment-naïve, and 48 were switched from TPTD, with uninterrupted ROMO treatment for 12 months.

Proposed mechanism of cardiovascular responses for bolus injection of epinephrine from epinephrine autoinjectors.

Two cases demonstrate the effects of presumed intra-blood bolus injections from an autoinjector with rapid epinephrine concentrations of > 2000 pg/mL, resulting in increases in systolic blood pressure to >200 mmHg.

Single-arm multicenter phase II study on aggressive local consolidative therapy in combination with systemic chemotherapy for stage IV non-small cell lung carcinoma with oligometastases: CURE-OLIGO (TORG1529).

Introduction: Stage IV non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) with oligometastases is potentially curable by radical treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for thoracic disease, including the primary lesion and lymph node metastases, combined with local consolidative therapy (LCT) for oligometastases.

Methods: This was a multicenter Phase II trial for patients with Stage IV NSCLC with oligometastases for whom CRT for thoracic disease was feasible.

Gastrointestinal lesions of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a prediction model and clinical patterns.

Objective: Severe gastrointestinal lesions are associated with a poor prognosis in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The goal of this study was to develop an effective predictive model for gastrointestinal lesions and to examine clinical patterns, associated factors, treatment, and outcomes of gastrointestinal lesions in EGPA.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 165 EGPA patients.

Delayed atorvastatin delivery promotes recovery after experimental spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) significantly alters gene expression, potentially impeding functional recovery. This study investigated the effects of atorvastatin, a widely prescribed cholesterol-lowering drug, on gene expression and functional recovery in a chronic murine SCI model. Female C57BL/6J mice underwent moderate 0.