Clinicopathological differences between patients with schistosomal appendicitis and non schistosomal appendicitis: A retrospectively study of past ten years.

Background: Chronic schistosomiasis causes multiple organ and multiple system diseases, especially the digestive system. Schistosome eggs are mainly deposited in the stomach, liver and colorectal, but a few eggs are deposited in the appendix and cause disease. At present, there are few studies on schistosomal appendicitis.

GX-188E DNA vaccine plus pembrolizumab in HPV 16- and/or 18-positive recurrent or advance cervical cancer: a phase 2 trial.

Background: In an interim analysis of this phase 2 trial, adding the GX-188E vaccine to pembrolizumab resulted in manageable toxicity with antitumor activities in patients with recurrent or advanced cervical cancer. Here, we report the final safety and efficacy results after a long-term follow-up at the study's completion.

Methods: This open-label, single-arm, phase II trial was conducted in nine hospitals in South Korea (ClinicalTrials.

Neural underpinnings of a two-phase memory suppression process in the neural response to self-related and observed perspective views.

Individuals often actively suppress intrusive memories to alleviate the distress they cause and maintain mental well-being. However, those with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often exhibit difficulties particularly in inhibiting or suppressing negative memories compared to individuals without PTSD. These memories can involve a physical threat either to the individual themselves or to others.

The role of socioeconomic factors in sex differences in intrinsic capacity among older adults: A cross-sectional study in Taiwan.

Objectives: The World Health Organization's Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework launched in 2019 is used to assess the intrinsic capacity of older individuals. Older women may face greater socioeconomic disadvantages, which can impact their physical and mental well-being. Therefore, we examined sex differences in intrinsic capacity and the influence of socioeconomic status.

Zeatin Elicits Premature Erythrocyte Senescence Through Calcium and Oxidative Stress Mediated by the NOS/PKC/CK1α Signaling Axis.

Cytokinins are plant hormones that regulate cell growth and differentiation. In particular, zeatin (ZTN) delays cellular senescence of human fibroblasts and keratinocytes and exhibits anticancer activity. Chemotherapy-induced anemia is a major side effect of anticancer therapy secondary to premature senescence of red blood cells (RBCs).

Breaking boundaries: A rare case of glioblastoma with uncommon extraneural metastases: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: Extraneural metastases (ENM) from glioblastoma (GBM) remain extremely rare with only a scarce number of cases described in the literature. The lack of cases leads to no consensus on the optimal treatment and follow-up of these patients.

Research Question: Do patient or tumor characteristics describe risk factors for ENM in GBM patients, and is it possible to identify mechanisms of action?

Material And Methods: This study presents a 55-year-old man with diagnosed GBM who was referred to a CT due to reduced general condition and mild back pain which revealed extensive systemic metastases.

Learning effectiveness of clinical anatomy and practical spine surgery skills using a new VR-based training platform.

Introduction: As medical education becomes more complex, the demand for advanced teaching and training methods has grown. Technological advancements have opened up new possibilities, particularly in the realm of virtual reality (VR) simulations for training.

Research Question: Our prospective, randomized pilot study aims to assess whether a novel VR-based 3D training platform can effectively teach the knowledge and skills needed for complex spinal surgery, specifically pedicle screw placement.

Recurrent glioblastoma in national guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas: A matter of European practice variation.

Introduction: The optimal treatment for recurrent glioblastoma patients remains not well-defined in international guidelines. On top of that, the availability of national guidelines is uncharted.

Research Question: This study aimed to investigate the availability of national guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of adult glioma throughout Europe, specifically focusing on recurrent glioblastoma.

Enlightening the invisible: Applications, limits and perspectives of intraoperative fluorescence in neurosurgery.

Introduction: The introduction of intraoperative fluorophores represented a significant advancement in neurosurgical practice. Nowadays they found different applications: in oncology to improve the visualization of tumoral tissue and optimize resection rates and in vascular neurosurgery to assess the exclusion of vascular malformations or the permeability of bypasses, with real-time intraoperative evaluations.

Research Question: A comprehensive knowledge of how fluorophores work is crucial to maximize their benefits and to incorporate them into daily neurosurgical practice.

Design and validation of cell-based potency assays for frataxin supplementation treatments.

Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a multisystem, autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the frataxin () gene. As FRDA is considered an FXN deficiency disorder, numerous therapeutic approaches in development or clinical trials aim to supplement FXN or restore endogenous expression. These include gene therapy, protein supplementation, genome editing or upregulation of transcription.

Risk Factors for Symptoms in Patients With Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Upper Esophagus.

This study is aimed at comparing the clinical characteristics and histological types of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper esophagus (HGMUE) and exploring the factors influencing the occurrence and severity of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms in these patients. HGMUE is a potential cause of LPR symptoms. This retrospective analysis evaluated 70 patients with HGMUE using a detailed questionnaire.

Recurrent opportunistic infections in a HIV-negative patient with combined C6 and mutations: A case report, pedigree analysis, and literature review.

Introduction: Recurrent opportunistic infections are particularly common in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, these opportunistic infections have also been reported in HIV-negative patients, especially those with primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID), a condition that involves a large heterogeneous group of disorders arising from defects in immune system development and/or function.

Case: Here, we report a very rare case of recurrent opportunistic infections in a non-HIV-infected patient combined with mutations in complement component C6 and nuclear factor kB subunit 1 ().

Estimating disease onset distribution functions in mutation carriers with censored mixture data.

We consider non-parametric estimation of disease onset distribution functions in multiple populations by using censored data with unknown population identifiers. The problem is motivated from studies aiming at estimating the age-specific disease risk distribution in deleterious mutation carriers for genetic counselling and design of therapeutic intervention trials to modify disease progression (i.e.

Extracellular vesicles: from intracellular trafficking molecules to fully fortified delivery vehicles for cancer therapeutics.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as viable tools in cancer treatment due to their ability to carry a wide range of theranostic activities. This review summarizes different forms of EVs such as exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, and oncosomes. It also sheds the light onto isolation methodologies, characterization techniques and therapeutic applications of all discussed EVs.

Development of PROTACs targeting estrogen receptor: an emerging technique for combating endocrine resistance.

Despite the success of endocrine therapies in treating ER-positive breast cancer, the development of resistance remains a significant challenge. Estrogen receptor targeting proteolysis-targeting chimeras (ER PROTACs) offer a unique approach by harnessing the ubiquitin-proteasome system to degrade ER, potentially bypassing resistance mechanisms. In this review, we present the drug design, efficacy and early clinical trials of these ER PROTACs.

KLASS (Korean Laparoendoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study Group) trials: a 20-year great journey in advancing surgical clinical research for gastric cancer.

The Korean Laparoendoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study Group (KLASS) trial series represents a comprehensive body of surgical clinical trials and studies focused on laparoscopic techniques in the treatment of gastric cancer. These trials, conducted and overseen by the KLASS, began with KLASS 01 in 2006 and have progressed to their 14th series as of December 2024. To date, approximately 36 papers, including pivotal publications, have been featured in high-impact journals, significantly advancing the field of gastric cancer treatment.

Optimal extent of lymph node dissection in clinical early-stage right colon cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: Determining the extent of radical lymphadenectomy at clinical early stage is challenging. We aimed to investigate the appropriate extent of lymphadenectomy in clinical early-stage right colon cancer.

Methods: Patients with clinical stage 0 or I right colon cancer who underwent curative surgery from January 2007 to December 2021 were included in this retrospective study.

Is Topical Tranexamic Acid Effective in Reducing Hematoma and Seroma in Breast Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative fluid-related complications, such as hematoma and seroma formation, are common concerns in breast surgery, adversely affecting surgical outcomes and patient recovery. Topical tranexamic acid (TXA) has emerged as a promising intervention to minimize bleeding while reducing systemic adverse effects linked to intravenous administration. However, evidence on the efficacy of topical TXA in breast surgery remains sparse.

Dimples as Desired Outcomes: Rethinking Their Role in Thread Lifting Procedures.

Facial thread lifts, known for being minimally invasive with quick results, can sometimes lead to dimpling. A case report of a 35-year-old Asian man who developed a pleasing unilateral dimple after a thread lift highlights the potential for intentional dimple creation through this method. With surgical dimple creation in demand, as dimples symbolize good luck in Chinese culture and beauty in Arabic traditions, thread lifts may offer a less invasive alternative for those seeking dimples without surgery.

Vascularized Iliac Crest Bone Graft for the Reconstruction of Anterior Vertebral Corpus Defects: A Literature Review and Cadaveric Feasibility Study.

Background: Vertebral body defects pose a significant challenge in spinal reconstructive surgery. Compression fractures of the vertebral corpus are typically treated with vertebral augmentation procedures. There are significant risks associated with the introduction of foreign material in the spine, including infection and pseudarthrosis.

The Role of Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in Breast Implant Illness.

Background: Explantation often alleviates symptoms in women with breast implant illness. However, persistent complaints in some cases may be linked to persistent silicone-induced inflammation from residual silicone particles. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging could potentially detect this inflammation.

Artificial Intelligence Scribe and Large Language Model Technology in Healthcare Documentation: Advantages, Limitations, and Recommendations.

Artificial intelligence (AI) scribe applications in the healthcare community are in the early adoption phase and offer unprecedented efficiency for medical documentation. They typically use an application programming interface with a large language model (LLM), for example, generative pretrained transformer 4. They use automatic speech recognition on the physician-patient interaction, generating a full medical note for the encounter, together with a draft follow-up e-mail for the patient and, often, recommendations, all within seconds or minutes.

Matching Into Integrated Plastic Surgery: The Impact of USMLE Step 1 Transition to Pass/Fail: Did the 2019 Predictions Come True in 2024?

Background: The first class of integrated plastic surgery residency applicants with pass/fail (P/F) step 1 assessments occurred during the 2023-2024 Match cycle. This study analyzes the results of a 2024 postmatch survey to program directors (PDs) regarding the impact of the conversion to P/F step 1 scoring and compares the results to the 2019 survey that attempted to predict how this conversion would influence decision-making when it was initially announced.

Methods: A 26-item survey evaluating PDs' perspectives on applicant characteristics and the application process following P/F step 1 scoring was distributed March 2024.