Association of Smokeless Tobacco Use With Perioperative Complications and Revision Surgery After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Tobacco use is a known modifiable risk factor for postoperative complications and revision surgery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Previous studies focus on tobacco as a broad categorization of traditional smoking, smokeless tobacco, and other forms of nicotine use. It is unclear if differences in the type of nicotine used lead to similar adverse outcomes after ACLR.

KMT2A degradation is observed in decitabine-responsive acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.

Hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes is a hallmark of leukemia. The hypomethylating agent decitabine covalently binds, and degrades DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). Structural similarities within DNA-binding domains of DNMT1, and the leukemic driver histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) suggest that decitabine might also affect the latter.

Detection rate for ESR1 mutations is higher in circulating-tumor-cell-derived genomic DNA than in paired plasma cell-free DNA samples as revealed by ddPCR.

Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis to track estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) mutations is highly beneficial for the identification of tumor molecular dynamics and the improvement of personalized treatments for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Plasma-cfDNA is, up to now, the most frequent liquid biopsy analyte used to evaluate ESR1 mutational status. Circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration and molecular characterization analysis provides important clinical information in patients with MBC.

Biotin Mitigates Alcohol Withdrawal-Induced Anxiety and Depression by Regulating Serotonin Metabolism, BDNF, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Rats.

Introduction: Substance use disorders, particularly alcohol use disorders, represent a significant public health problem, with adolescents particularly vulnerable to their adverse effects. This study examined the possible anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of biotin, a crucial vitamin for brain function, in attenuating the behavioral and neurobiological changes associated with alcohol withdrawal in adolescent rats.

Materials And Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a 20% ethanol solution for 21 days, followed by a 21-day drug-free period to assess long-term behavioral and physiological changes.

Pseudocellulitis in the Setting of Pemetrexed Treatment for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Pemetrexed is a chemotherapeutic, antimetabolite agent that has been used in oncology to treat diseases such as metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma. Pemetrexed use may result in pseudocellulitis, which presents as poorly demarcated patches or plaques with erythema, edema, warmth, and tenderness. These lesions can present unilaterally or bilaterally on the lower extremities.

Lymph Node Yield/Ratio, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio: Prognostic Factors in cN0 Laryngeal Carcinoma.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of lymph node yield (LNY), lymph node ratio (LNR), and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as prognostic factors, their impact on survival in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).

Methods: This multicentric retrospective study included 195 patients with clinical N0 advanced laryngeal carcinoma who underwent total laryngectomy and/or total pharyngolaryngectomy over 5 years. The number of lymph nodes extracted (LNY) and the number of positive nodes were counted.

An Open-Label Pilot Study to Examine the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Deutetrabenazine in Isolated Dystonia.

Background: Dystonia may respond to VMAT2 inhibition.

Objectives: Providing pilot data on the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of deutetrabenazine in non dopa-responsive dystonia.

Methods: Deutetrabenazine was titrated by adults with isolated dystonia.

Examination of Elder Abuse and Death Anxiety in Older Adults With a Chronic Disease.

Aim: This study was conducted to examine elder abuse and death anxiety in older adults who had chronic diseases.

Design: The present study is a cross-sectional and correlational study.

Methods: This study was conducted with 200 patients who met the research criteria and agreed to participate in the study and who were admitted to the internal medicine outpatient clinics of a university hospital in Elazig, eastern Turkey.

Appraising the Effects of Gut Microbiota on Insomnia Risk Through Genetic Causal Analysis.

BackgroundInsomnia is a common neurological disorder that exhibits connections with the gut microbiota; however, the exact causal relationship remains unclear. MethodsWe conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to systematically evaluate the causal effects of genus-level gut microbiota on insomnia risk in individuals of European ancestry. Summary-level datasets on gut microbiota were sourced from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of MiBioGen, while datasets on insomnia were obtained from the GWAS of Neale Lab and FinnGen.

Fox Insight: Most Bothersome Symptoms in Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Limited evidence exists regarding the meaningfulness of symptoms experienced in early Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objectives: To identify the most bothersome symptoms experienced by people with early PD, leveraging data from the Parkinson's Disease Patient Report of Problems (PD-PROP) questionnaire within the Fox Insight Study.

Methods: Individuals with a self-reported diagnosis of PD completed the PD-PROP questionnaire, reporting up to five most bothersome symptoms.

Neutrophilic Panniculitis Secondary to BRAF and MEK Inhibitor Therapy to Treat Stage IIIa Cutaneous Melanoma.

Panniculitides are a group of inflammatory disorders of the subcutaneous fat that have been reported as a rare complication of both a serine threonine kinase BRAF inhibitor monotherapy and BRAF inhibition in combination with a mitogen activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitor combination therapy used to treat metastatic melanoma. The cutaneous manifestations of BRAF and BRAF/MEK therapies have been well documented, but neutrophilic panniculitis remains a less common complication with fewer case reports. Physician awareness of this complication when following patients on similar targeted therapies can decrease delays in appropriate management.

Evaluation of Long-Term Clinical and Radiographic Prognosis of Avulsed Teeth: A Retrospective Study.

Background/aim: Avulsion injuries have an uncertain prognosis. This study aims to evaluate periodontal ligament healing patterns and factors affecting the survival of replanted avulsed teeth.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, data from 204 avulsed teeth in 143 children (mean age: 9.

Atypical mucocutaneous manifestations of MPOX: A systematic review.

MPOX is an orthopoxvirus whose infection has been declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in 2022 and 2024. It proved to be a virus with markedly heterogeneous and varied clinical presentation. We performed a systematic PubMed review of articles reporting cases of different clinical manifestations of MPOX until October 2024.

Annual Research Review: Psychosis in children and adolescents: key updates from the past 2 decades on psychotic disorders, psychotic experiences, and psychosis risk.

Psychosis in children and adolescents has been studied on a spectrum from (common) psychotic experiences to (rare) early-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders. This research review looks at the state-of-the-art for research across the psychosis spectrum, from evidence on psychotic experiences in community and clinical samples of children and adolescents to findings from psychosis risk syndrome research, to evidence on early-onset psychotic disorders. The review also looks at new opportunities to capture psychosis risk in childhood and adolescence, including opportunities for early intervention, identifies important unanswered questions, and points to future directions for prevention research.

Intradermal Incobotulinum Toxin A for Postbreast Cancer Treatment Asymmetry: A Literature Review and Case Report.

Background: Botulinum toxin (BTX) is globally the most common aesthetic procedure. Its usage has expanded beyond facial treatments to therapeutic areas, including managing scars and postsurgical deformities. Breast cancer survivors often face significant deformities and asymmetry during recovery.

Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children With Down Syndrome in an Australian Population.

Objectives: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to be higher in children with Down syndrome (DS) than the general pediatric population, with lower rates of surgical cure. This study aims to determine the prevalence and predictors of OSA and evaluate the outcomes of surgical intervention for OSA in a cohort of Australian children with DS.

Methodology: A retrospective chart review was conducted on 156 patients with DS from 0 to 18 years who had undergone overnight, attended polysomnography (PSG) at Sydney Children's Hospital from January 2010 to July 2023.

Parental psychopathology before and after the child's diagnosis of a mental disorder: a population-based matched cohort study.

Background: More research is needed to understand psychopathology among parents of children with mental disorders in the years before and after the child is diagnosed. Here, we estimated the risk of mental disorders and psychotropic medication use in parents of children with versus without mental disorders and the temporal associations between child and parental psychopathology.

Methods: We conducted a population-based matched cohort study using Danish register data.

The Intricate Interplay: Microbial Metabolites and the Gut-Liver-Brain Axis in Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by the depletion of dopaminergic neurons. Recent studies highlight the gut-liver-brain (GLB) axis and its role in PD pathogenesis. The GLB axis forms a dynamic network facilitating bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and central nervous system.

Ecological Momentary Assessment for Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa and Their Parents/Caregivers in Family-Based Treatment.

Introduction: Studies have shown that early weight gain in family-based treatment (FBT) predicts treatment response in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN); however, research examining factors associated with early weight gain in FBT is limited. This study tested the feasibility and acceptability of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in early FBT, particularly to capture momentary data on family climate during mealtimes.

Methods: Using multiple methods, quantitative (EMA) and qualitative (interviews) data were collected in the first 4 weeks of FBT.

Genetic Causal Association Between Skin Microbiota and Biological Aging: Evidence From a Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background: The skin microbiota, a complex community of microorganisms residing on the skin, plays a crucial role in maintaining skin health and overall homeostasis. Recent research has suggested that alterations in the composition and function of the skin microbiota may influence the aging process. However, the causal relationships between specific skin microbiota and biological aging remain unclear.

Informing Implementation of a National Integrated Clinical Pathway for Low Back Pain in Ireland: A Pre-Implementation Qualitative Study With General Practitioners.

Introduction: Ireland's Health Service Executive is developing a new national integrated low back pain (LBP) pathway spanning primary and secondary care to improve LBP healthcare. Clinical pathways are frequently employed to optimise clinical outcomes and resource use but are challenging to implement. Context-specific implementation planning, leveraging implementation science and its conceptual frameworks, should inform successful implementation.

Disease control and quality of life in chronic spontaneous urticaria and recurrent angioedema are strongly linked, but not in all patients.

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) help to assess disease control and quality of life (QoL) in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and recurrent angioedema (RA). This study aimed to assess the correlation between two different concepts: disease control and QoL, using disease-specific PROMs.

Methods: We analyzed data from 445 CSU and 330 RA patients who completed both a disease control and QoL PROM as part of the clinical routine.

Initiation of Psychotropic Drugs in Spouses of Patients With Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease: A Matched Cohort Study.

Objectives: The diagnosis of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) can cause emotional stress not only to the patients themselves but also to their spouses. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of psychiatric disorders in spouses of EOAD patients, using psychotropic drug initiation as a surrogate indicator.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted using a Japanese claims database, with spouses of EOAD patients (exposed spouses) matched with spouses of non-EOAD individuals (reference spouses) up to a 1:10 ratio.

Patient's Perception of Primary Health Care Provision With Respect to Access, Continuity and Coordination-InCept: An International Qualitative Perspective.

Health care systems are confronted with an increasing burden of (multi-)morbidity and a shortfall of healthcare providers. Coordination and continuity of care in chronic and multi-morbid patient is especially important. As qualitative patient experience data within care processes is scarce, we aim to increase the understanding of chronically ill patient's perspectives by assessing patient experiences in different health systems while treated in primary care.