Performance of Optic Disc Optical Coherence Tomography Normative Database in a Large, Diverse, Real-World Cohort.

Precis: Current optical coherence tomography normative sample data may not represent diverse human optic nerve anatomy to accurately classify all individuals with true glaucomatous optic neuropathy.

Purpose: To compare optic nerve head (ONH) measurements between published values from an optical coherence tomography (OCT) normative database and a more diverse cohort of healthy individuals.

Patients And Methods: ONH parameters from healthy participants of the Michigan Screening and Intervention for Glaucoma and Eye Health through Telemedicine (MI-SIGHT) program and the Topcon Maestro-1 normative cohort were compared.

Salvianolic acid A promotes bone-fracture healing via balancing osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation.

Nonunion is a significant complication in fracture management for surgeons. Salvianolic acid A (SAA), derived from the traditional Chinese plant Salviae miltiorrhizae Bunge (Danshen), exhibits notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Although studies have demonstrated its ability to promote osteogenic differentiation, the exact mechanism of action remains unclear.

Association of estrogen and progesterone receptor polymorphisms with idiopathic thin endometrium.

The research question is as follows: Are estrogen and progesterone receptor genotypes associated with thin endometrium? We performed a prospective cohort study of 129 patients who underwent preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies. These patients were categorized according to endometrial thickness: >7 mm control group (n = 94) and ≤7 mm study group (n = 35). Polymorphisms in the genes ESR1 (rs9340799 and rs3138774), ESR2 (rs1256049 and rs4986938), and PGR (rs1042838) were analyzed.

Tranexamic dosing for major joint arthroplasty in adult patients with chronic kidney disease: A pharmacokinetic study and new dosing regimen.

Background: Tranexamic acid is an anti-fibrinolytic agent routinely used during hip and knee joint replacement surgery to minimize bleeding. Chronic kidney disease is a common chronic health problem seen among adults requiring major arthroplasty surgery. Tranexamic acid is renally cleared and may accumulate in chronic kidney disease.

Fibroblast transcriptomics uncovers pathogenic genomic variants in individuals with exome-negative childhood onset epilepsy.

Objective: This study aims to improve genetic diagnosis in childhood onset epilepsy with neurodevelopmental problems by utilizing RNA sequencing of fibroblasts to identify pathogenic variants that may be missed by exome sequencing and copy number variation analysis.

Methods: We enrolled 41 individuals with childhood onset epilepsy and neurodevelopmental problems who previously had inconclusive genetic testing. Fibroblast samples were cultured and analyzed using RNA sequencing to detect aberrant expression, aberrant splicing, and monoallelic expression using the Detection of RNA Outlier Pipeline (DROP) pipeline.

CMRxRecon2024: A Multimodality, Multiview k-Space Dataset Boosting Universal Machine Learning for Accelerated Cardiac MRI.

. The released CMRxRecon2024 dataset is currently the largest and most protocol-diverse publicly available k-space dataset including multi-modality and multi-view cardiac MRI data from 330 healthy volunteers, and each one covers standardized and commonly used clinical protocols. ©RSNA, 2025.

Hearing care in low-resourced and humanitarian settings: findings from a pilot study in South Sudan.

Objectives: This longitudinal experimental study aimed to profile audiometric hearing loss, explore the feasibility and efficacy of low-cost hearing devices, and examine their social and emotional impact on participants in South Sudan, a low-resource humanitarian setting.

Design: We performed pure tone hearing screenings on adults with self-reported hearing disability, randomly providing eligible participants with one of two inexpensive devices-Asana Pro 800, a non-customizable hearing device fit unilaterally, or the Super Ear SE9000, a hand-held amplifier with headphones given one per individual.

Study Sample: Between October 2022 and January 2023, 142 adults underwent hearing screening at the Juba Teaching Hospital ENT clinic, of whom 19 eligible individuals were provided with hearing devices.

Acceptability and Preliminary Effects of Intensive Brief Trauma-Focused PTSD Treatment for Refugees.

Background: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a significant mental health concern in refugee populations exposed to trauma and displacement. Traditional treatments for PTSD often involve lengthy interventions. However, there's a growing interest in exploring more condensed, intensive treatments to improve outcomes and accessibility for refugees.

Children who survive torture: A systematic review of screening, documentation and treatment of torture injuries in children.

Background: Children all over the world are subjected to torture, but few are identified as victims of these actions. Knowledge that facilitates identification, documentation, and treatment of torture injuries in children can allow redress and rehabilitation for more children in need.

Objective: To synthesise research regarding screening, documentation, and treatment of child survivors of torture.

Radiogenomic explainable AI with neural ordinary differential equation for identifying post-SRS brain metastasis radionecrosis.

Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is widely used for managing brain metastases (BMs), but an adverse effect, radionecrosis, complicates post-SRS management. Differentiating radionecrosis from tumor recurrence non-invasively remains a major clinical challenge, as conventional imaging techniques often necessitate surgical biopsy for accurate diagnosis. Machine learning and deep learning models have shown potential in distinguishing radionecrosis from tumor recurrence.

[Trigeminal neuralgia - Overview].

Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common cause of facial pain in individuals over 50 years old and can have a profoundly negative impact on quality of life. Epidemiological studies have measured the annual incidence of trigeminal neuralgia at around 4-5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. In Iceland, this would amount to about 16-20 new cases annually.

Exploring the Structure-Activity Relationships of Albumin-Targeted Picoplatin-Based Platinum(IV) Prodrugs.

Platinum(II) complexes prevail as first-line treatment for many cancers but are associated with serious side effects and resistance development. Picoplatin emerged as a promising alternative to circumvent GSH-induced tumor resistance by introducing a bulky 2-picoline ligand. Although clinical studies were encouraging, picoplatin did not receive approval.

Multidimensional Perfectionism and Sexual Difficulties Among Adult Couples: A Dyadic Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study.

The multidimensional model of perfectionism includes three dimensions: Self-oriented perfectionism (SOP), other-oriented perfectionism (OOP), and socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP). Although previous research has identified significant cross-sectional associations between perfectionism and sexual function, these studies predominantly focused on women without examining the links between the different dimensions of perfectionism and various indicators of sexual difficulties among both members of a couple. This study aimed to address this gap by examining the dyadic associations between perfectionism dimensions, sexual function, partner-focused sexual desire, and sexual distress, both cross-sectionally (T1) and longitudinally (T2) over one year.

A Serum- and Feeder-Free System to Generate CD4 and Regulatory T Cells from Human iPSCs.

iPSCs can serve as a renewable source of a consistent edited cell product, overcoming limitations of primary cells. While feeder-free generation of clinical grade iPSC-derived CD8 T cells has been achieved, differentiation of iPSC-derived CD4sp and regulatory T cells requires mouse stromal cells in an artificial thymic organoid. Here we report a serum- and feeder-free differentiation process suitable for large-scale production.

Three-step Approach for Facial Reconstruction After Injectable Silicon: Surgical Excision, Fat Grafting, and Hyaluronic Acid Filler.

Introduction: In facial cosmetic surgery, injectable liquid silicone has been used to augment the cheek and the lips and to camouflage facial wrinkles. However, complications started to arise in 1964 as postoperative silicone granuloma formation. The purpose of this study is to introduce our experience in facial reconstruction after injectable silicon oil with a sequential 3-step approach: transoral surgical excision, full-face fat grafting, and hyaluronic acid filler.

Enhancing Electrochemical Biosensing of Circulating Nucleic Acids at the Electrode-Biomolecule-Electrolyte Interfaces.

The detection and analysis of circulating cell-free nucleic acid (ccfNA) biomolecules are redefining a new era of molecular targeted cancer therapies. However, the clinical translation of electrochemical ccfNA biosensing remains hindered by unresolved challenges in analytical specificity and sensitivity. In this Perspective, we present a novel electrochemical framework for improving ccfNA biosensor performance by optimizing the critical electrode-biomolecules-electrolyte interfaces.

Adrenal Venous Sampling in the Investigation of Hyperaldosteronism: A Retrospective Practice Review from a Large Academic Medical Center.

Background: Hyperaldosteronism involves complex, multidisciplinary management, including clinical testing, radiological exams, and adrenal venous sampling (AVS). This study assesses AVS outcomes at a large referral center, focusing on cannulation success, lateralization of aldosterone-producing adenomas, and correlation with radiological and surgical findings.

Methods: A retrospective review of 153 patients who underwent AVS from September 2016 to January 2024 was conducted.

Individualized blood pressure regulation and acute kidney injury in older patients having major abdominal surgery: a pilot randomized trial.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common postoperative complication, and hypotension may contribute. We therefore tested the primary hypothesis that individualized intraoperative blood pressure regulation reduces postoperative AKI in older surgical patients.

Methods: We enrolled patients ≥60 years old scheduled for elective major abdominal surgery with invasive arterial pressure monitoring.

Fibroblast growth factor 23 and outcomes of atrial fibrillation: from clinical association to genetic evidence.

Aims: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) has been implicated in the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF), but its prognostic value in AF patients remains unclear.

Methods And Results: A total of 35 197 AF patients with available follow-up data (3.56, 0.

Assessing Physician Motivation to Engage in Continuing Professional Development on Artificial Intelligence.

To realize the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care, physicians must learn how to use AI-based tools effectively, safely, and equitably. Continuing professional development (CPD) activities are one way to learn how to do this. The purpose of this article is to describe a theory-based approach for assessing health professionals' motivation to participate in CPD on AI-based tools.

Nanomaterials and clinical SERS technology: broad applications in disease diagnosis.

The critical need for rapid cancer diagnosis and related illnesses is growing alongside the current healthcare challenges, unfavorable prognosis, and constraints in diagnostic timing. As a result, emphasis on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) diagnostic methods, including both label-free and labelled approaches, holds significant promise in fields such as analytical chemistry, biomedical science, and physics, due to the user-friendly nature of SERS. Over time, the SERS detection sensitivity and specificity with nanostructured materials for SERS applications (NMs-SERS) in different media have been remarkable.