Nutritional Status in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Cancer Patients Treated With Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Immunotherapy in Spanish Outpatient Oncology Units.

Objectives: Malnutrition is a prevalent condition in cancer patients that significantly impacts patients' clinical outcomes and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). The outcome was to characterize the nutritional status by describing the prevalence of malnutrition (mild, moderate, or severe) and its risk in outpatient cancer patients.

Methods: Multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, two-cohort study conducted on consecutive adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors (stages III-IV).

Multiomics dissection of human RAG deficiency reveals distinctive patterns of immune dysregulation but a common inflammatory signature.

Human recombination-activating gene (RAG) deficiency can manifest with distinct clinical and immunological phenotypes. By applying a multiomics approach to a large group of -mutated patients, we aimed at characterizing the immunopathology associated with each phenotype. Although defective T and B cell development is common to all phenotypes, patients with hypomorphic variants can generate T and B cells with signatures of immune dysregulation and produce autoantibodies to a broad range of self-antigens, including type I interferons.

Interplay of Transcriptomic Regulation, Microbiota, and Signaling Pathways in Lung and Gut Inflammation-Induced Tumorigenesis.

Inflammation can positively and negatively affect tumorigenesis based on the duration, scope, and sequence of related events through the regulation of signaling pathways. A transcriptomic analysis of five pulmonary arterial hypertension, twelve Crohn's disease, and twelve ulcerative colitis high throughput sequencing datasets using R language specialized libraries and gene enrichment analyses identified a regulatory network in each inflammatory disease. IRF9 and LINC01089 in pulmonary arterial hypertension are related to the regulation of signaling pathways like MAPK, NOTCH, human papillomavirus, and hepatitis c infection.

Surgical Deescalation Within Gynecologic Oncology.

Importance: The goal of surgical deescalation is to minimize tissue damage, enhance patient outcomes, and reduce the adverse effects often associated with extensive or traditional surgical procedures. This shift toward less invasive techniques has the potential to revolutionize surgical practices, profoundly impacting the methods and training of future surgeons.

Objective: To evaluate adoption of surgical deescalation within the field of gynecologic oncology using The National Cancer Database.

Skin Micro-Fragments for the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Case Series.

This prospective case series evaluated the clinical outcomes of skin micro-fragment therapy in managing hard-to-heal diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). A total of ten patients with chronic DFU, who were treated in a specialized diabetic foot unit, were included in this study. The primary outcome was the wound healing rate at 12 weeks.

Genomic Evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Córdoba, Argentina (2021-2022): Analysis of Uncommon and Prevalent Spike Mutations.

Understanding the evolutionary patterns and geographic spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly Omicron, is essential for effective public health responses. This study focused on the genomic analysis of the Omicron variant in Cordoba, Argentina from 2021 to 2022. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the dominant presence of BA.

Circadian Deregulation: Back Facing the Sun Toward Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) Development.

Earth's rotation around its axis has pressured its inhabitants to adapt to 24 h cycles of day and night. Humans adapted their own circadian rhythms to the Earth's rhythms with a light-aligned awake-sleep cycle. As a consequence, metabolism undergoes drastic changes throughout the circadian cycle and needs plasticity to cope with opposing conditions in the day (when there is an increase in energy demands and food availability), and during the night (when prolonged fasting couples with cyclic changes in the energy demands across the sleep stages).

Hospital Context Determinants of Variability in Healthcare-Associated Infection Prevalence: Multi-Level Analysis.

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent a major challenge in patient safety that affects services disproportionally. This paper aimed to assess how the HAI prevalence varies between hospital services and what contextual characteristics may explain such variance. A cross-sectional study was conducted on adult patients in Portuguese hospitals, using data from the European point prevalence survey of HAI prevalence.

Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy in a Patient With Gastric Bypass, a Therapeutic Challenge in the Management of Postoperative Achalasia.

Achalasia is a rare esophageal motor disorder characterized by incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and ineffective contraction of the esophageal body. This condition is not often associated with obesity; however, in recent years, cases of achalasia after bariatric surgery have been described. We describe the case of a 30-year-old female patient with a history of gastric sleeve surgery in 2018, which, 4 years after the intervention, presented with dysphagia, regurgitation, and weight loss.

CheckAP: Prevalence of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and performance evaluation of the EARP questionnaire in the population of Portuguese patients with psoriasis followed in a dermatology setting.

Background: The percentage of Portuguese psoriasis patients with psoriatic arthritis is unknown but musculoskeletal complaints related to PsA affect up to a third of patients. Dermatologists can identify early PsA as skin symptoms often precede joint symptoms in 80% of patients. Efficient and easy to perform screening tools are needed to help dermatologists effectively discriminate between Pso and PsA patients.

Type 2 inflammation: a Portuguese consensus using Web-Delphi and decision conferencing (INFLAT2-PT).

Objectives: Atopic/allergic diseases impose a growing burden on public health, affecting millions of patients worldwide. The main objective of this study was to develop a national expert consensus on relevant clinical questions related to type 2 inflammation.

Methods: We conducted: a comprehensive literature review with a qualitative analysis to identify the most repeated themes on the overlap of conditions; a modified 3-round Web-Delphi (or e-Delphi); and a final online decision conference.

Oral Food Challenge Protocols in Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Background: Oral Food Challenges (OFC) are essential for the diagnosis and follow-up of acute Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) because no diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers are available. However, the optimal OFC procedure remains unclear.

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to assess OFC procedures' design and clinical outcomes in patients with FPIES.

[Medication Reconciliation in Primary Care: Practices, Knowledge and Attitudes in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley Health Region].

Introduction: Despite the importance of medication reconciliation for the continuity of care, there is currently no information on the practices, knowledge, and attitudes of Portuguese family doctors on this subject. This study aimed to characterize the formal medication reconciliation procedures in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley Health Region, as well as the perception of family doctors in this region about what they know, how they think and how they practice medication reconciliation.

Methods: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study, using two observation units: primary health care units (study 1) and family doctors (study 2) in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley Health Region.

[Healthcare-Associated Infections in Pediatric Patients: A Decade of Experience in an Intensive Care Unit].

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population and a growing problem in intensive care services. However, limited data are available on these infections in the Portuguese pediatric population. This study aimed to estimate its prevalence rate in a Portuguese pediatric intensive care unit, identifying the most frequent microorganisms and their antibiotic resistance profiles.

Portuguese Society of Ophthalmology and Portuguese Society of Human Genetics Joint Clinical Practice Guidelines for Genetic Testing in Inherited Retinal Dystrophies.

The Portuguese Society of Ophthalmology and the Portuguese Society of Human Genetics developed clinical practice guidelines to streamline genetic testing for inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs), underlining the critical role of molecular diagnosis in enhancing patient care. Genetic testing is pivotal in diagnosis, genetic counselling, prognosis and access to clinical trials, and new gene-specific therapies. These guidelines recommend genetic testing in all IRD patients and provide a detailed assessment of available testing methods, ensuring that genetic counselling is integrated into ophthalmic care.

Cardiovascular risk profile with SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP: comparing Portugal, Spain, Italy, and France using the new European predictive models.

Introduction: This study aims to characterize the cardiovascular risk profile in countries with low-to-moderate cardiovascular mortality risk (Italy, Portugal, France, and Spain) using the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP models. It also examines regional variations and the involvement of healthcare professionals in performing risk assessments.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted using data from 24,434 cardiovascular risk assessments performed between December 2022 and July 2023 through a digital application used by physicians.

[Position statement on the use of amlodipine during pregnancy. Working Group on Hypertension in Women, Argentine Society of Hypertension].

Pharmacological management of HDP includes agents supported by extensive evidence ensuring their safety for use. Among those traditionally described in the literature are: alpha-methyldopa, labetalol, and sustained-release nifedipine (NIF-RETARD). These drugs, in addition to being compatible with pregnancy, present additional eligibility criteria.

Evidence-based clinical standard for the diagnosis and treatment of candidemia in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit.

Candidemia is the predominant form of invasive candidiasis and the most frequently occurring serious fungal infection in critically ill patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Studies carried out in Latin America reveal a higher incidence of candidemia and higher mortality rates when compared to North America or Europe. This highlights the need to develop guidelines for correctly diagnosing and treating candidemia in critically ill patients in the ICU.

Acute appendicitis due to appendiceal endometriosis: Two case report and literature review.

Introduction: Appendiceal endometriosis (AE) is a rare condition, with a prevalence ranging from 0.05 % to 1.7 % in patients with endometriosis.

Perioperative anesthetic management and postoperative outcomes of patients treated with CyberKnife® robotic radiosurgery.

Background And Objective: The CyberKnife® is a robotic stereotactic radiosurgery system designed for non-invasive treatment of tumor lesions. Some of these procedures are performed under sedation or general anesthesia, depending on the patient and the lesion being treated. The objective of this study is to describe the anesthetic management and postoperative outcomes of patients treated with CyberKnife® radiosurgery at a reference center for neurosurgery in the city of Medellín, Colombia.

Abnormalities in brain magnetic resonance imaging associated with vigabatrin therapy in an infant with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome.

Introduction: Vigabatrin, an anticonvulsant drug used for refractory epilepsy and as first-line treatment for infantile epileptic spasms syndrome, can rarely cause brain abnormalities detectable on magnetic resonance imaging. These complications, potentially related to dose, young age, and concomitant high doses of adrenocorticotropic hormone and/or prednisolone, can lead to neurological symptoms. Upon withdrawal or dose reduction, symptoms and imaging changes tend to resolve.

Therapeutic Hypothermia and Its Role in Preserving Brain Volume in Term Neonates with Perinatal Asphyxia.

Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, often resulting in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) with long-term neurodevelopmental impairments. While therapeutic hypothermia has emerged as a promising intervention to reduce brain damage, its specific impact on key brain structures and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes remains underexplored. This study aims to evaluate the effects of therapeutic hypothermia on brain volumetry, cortical thickness, and neurodevelopment in term neonates with perinatal asphyxia.

Preoperative immunonutrition and postoperative outcomes in patients with cancer undergoing major abdominal surgery: Retrospective cohort study.

Background And Objectives: Surgical resection is a first-line treatment for patients with cancer, but preoperative malnutrition is a risk factor for postoperative complications. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative administration of an immunonutrition regimen and postoperative clinical outcomes in patients with cancer undergoing major abdominal surgery.

Methods: The Surgical Prehabilitation Multimodal Oncology (SUPREMO) retrospective cohort study, conducted from January 2021 to December 2023, included patients with cancer undergoing major abdominal surgery.

Improving diagnosis in patients with obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome through the evaluation of non-criteria antibodies.

Objectives: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease driven by antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Currently, APS diagnosis requires a combination of clinical manifestations (thrombosis and/or obstetric morbidity) and the persistent presence of at least one criteria aPL: anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL), anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI) or lupus anticoagulant (LA). Patients with suggestive obstetric symptoms but lacking criteria aPL face diagnostic challenges.