Radiological differential diagnosis and management of retroperitoneal hematomas posterior to radical inguinal orchiectomies. A case report.

Introduction: Retroperitoneal hematomas are rare complications of radical inguinal orchiectomy. This case report discusses their radiological differential diagnosis and management.

Case Presentation: A radical inguinal orchiectomy was performed on a 27-year-old patient.

[Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency on healthy infants receiving standard supplementation].

Unlabelled: Vitamin D (VD) is essential for calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Its deficiency can cause rickets. In Chile, newborns receive 400UI/day supplementation from the first day of age until the first year.

Imaging of Myocarditis Following mRNA COVID-19 Booster Vaccination.

Echocardiography, MR-Functional Imaging, MRI, Cardiac Supplemental material is available for this article.

Effect of diet and physical exercise on weight, body composition, and resting metabolic rate in obese chilean adults.

Background: Diet and exercise are the mainstay of weight reduction programs.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of diet and exercise on body weight and composition and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in obese adults.

Material And Methods: Twenty-eight obese adults aged 22 to 61 years (18 women) completed four months of diet and exercise.

Four-Corner Arthrodesis: Comparative Analysis of Open Technique Versus Percutaneous Technique with Arthroscopic Assistance.

 Four-corner arthrodesis is a salvage technique for patients with carpal advanced osteoarthritis. Nowadays, percutaneous techniques with arthroscopic assistance have been described, achieving favorable results with minimally invasive techniques advantages over open surgery.  To compare functional and radiological results in patients with SLAC or SNAC wrists operated with open surgical technique versus percutaneous surgery with arthroscopic assistance.

Visual Ordinal Scoring of Coronary Artery Calcium on Contrast-Enhanced and Noncontrast Chest CT: A Retrospective Study of Diagnostic Performance and Prognostic Utility.

Current guidelines recommend visual evaluation of coronary artery calcium (CAC) on all nongated noncontrast chest CT examinations. However, chest CT examinations are often performed with contrast material administration. The purpose of our study was to evaluate diagnostic performance, prognostic utility, and interobserver agreement of visual CAC assessment on chest CT performed for other indications.

A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating olipudase alfa enzyme replacement therapy for chronic acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) in adults: One-year results.

Purpose: This trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of olipudase alfa enzyme replacement therapy for non-central nervous system manifestations of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) in adults.

Methods: A phase 2/3, 52 week, international, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (ASCEND; NCT02004691/EudraCT 2015-000371-26) enrolled 36 adults with ASMD randomized 1:1 to receive olipudase alfa or placebo intravenously every 2 weeks with intrapatient dose escalation to 3 mg/kg. Primary efficacy endpoints were percent change from baseline to week 52 in percent predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide and spleen volume (combined with splenomegaly-related score in the United States).

[Anterior shoulder instability with non critical bone loss: Bankart-Remplissage or Latarjet?].

Introduction: Significant Hill-Sachs lesions are associated with recurrent shoulder instability. Bankart-Remplissage (B+R) and Latarjet (L) are valid treatments for these injuries. Few studies compare both techniques.

Reduction of dietary sodium to less than 100 mmol in heart failure (SODIUM-HF): an international, open-label, randomised, controlled trial.

Background: Dietary restriction of sodium has been suggested to prevent fluid overload and adverse outcomes for patients with heart failure. We designed the Study of Dietary Intervention under 100 mmol in Heart Failure (SODIUM-HF) to test whether or not a reduction in dietary sodium reduces the incidence of future clinical events.

Methods: SODIUM-HF is an international, open-label, randomised, controlled trial that enrolled patients at 26 sites in six countries (Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and New Zealand).

Differential neutralizing antibody responses elicited by CoronaVac and BNT162b2 against SARS-CoV-2 Lambda in Chile.

SARS-CoV-2 variant Lambda was dominant in several South American countries, including Chile. To ascertain the efficacy of local vaccination efforts, we used pseudotyped viruses to characterize the neutralization capacity of antibodies elicited by CoronaVac (n = 53) and BNT162b2 (n = 56) in healthcare workers from Clínica Santa María and the Faculty of Medicine at Universidad de Chile, as well as in convalescent plasma from individuals infected during the first wave visiting the Hospital Clínico at Pontificia Universidad Católica (n = 30). We observed that BNT162b2 elicits higher neutralizing antibody titres than CoronaVac, with differences ranging from 7.

Tranexamic Acid in Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery.

Background: Perioperative bleeding is common in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic drug that may safely decrease such bleeding.

Methods: We conducted a trial involving patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Trends in treatments for erectile dysfunction in Chile between 2010 and 2020 with special focus on penile prostheses.

Objectives: Evidence regarding demand trends for erectile dysfunction (ED) treatments are scarce in South America. This study aims to evaluate trends in ED treatments in Chile over a 10-year period (2010- 2020) and estimate the potential number of candidates for penile prosthesis.

Materials And Methods: Sales trends of pharmacological treatments and penile prosthesis were obtained from market studies.

Patient-specific instrumentation reduces deviations between planned and postosteotomy humeral retrotorsion and height in shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) may potentially improve humeral osteotomy in shoulder arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to compare the deviation between planned and postosteotomy humeral inclination, retrotorsion, and height in shoulder arthroplasty, using PSI vs. standard cutting guides (SCG).

[Chemical composition analysis of 649 urinary stones].

Background: Chemical composition analysis of urinary stones is a fundamental part of the metabolic workup of urolithiasis.

Aim: To report the chemical composition of urinary stones using infrared spectroscopy.

Material And Methods: The chemical composition of rinary stones recovered from 649 patients aged 1 to 97 years (68% males), were analyzed using a Perkin Elmer FTIR Spectrometer, Spectrum Two.

The undescended testis in children and adolescents part 2: evaluation and therapeutic approach.

Undescended testis (UDT) is defined as failure of a testis to descend into the scrotum and it is a common reason for consultation in pediatric urology. As extensively discussed in "The undescended testis in children and adolescents: part 1", the failure of a testis to descend alters testicular germ-cells development, increasing the risk of infertility and testicular cancer in adulthood. Here, we present the second part of our review and analysis of this topic with the aim to propose an updated and well-informed approach to UDT together with a treatment flow chart that may be useful to guide pediatric surgeons and urologists in the care of these patients.

The undescended testis in children and adolescents. Part 1: pathophysiology, classification, and fertility- and cancer-related controversies.

Undescended testis (UDT) is defined as failure of a testis to descend into the scrotum. It is one of the most common reasons for consultation in pediatric surgery and urology with an incidence of 3% in live-born male infants. Decades ago, classical studies established that the failure of a testis to descend alters the development of its germ cells increasing the risk of infertility and testicular cancer in adulthood.

The World Stroke Academy: A World Stroke Organization global pathway to improve knowledge in stroke care.

Background: The World Stroke Academy (WSA) (www.world-stroke-academy.org) is the educational platform of the World Stroke Organization (WSO).

Safety and humoral response rate of inactivated and mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Safety and effectiveness outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients receiving different disease-modifying therapies (DMT) and different types of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are limited. Growing evidence coming mainly from Israel, Europe and North America using mRNA and adenoviral vector vaccines has been published.

Objectives: To assess the safety and humoral response of inactivated virus and mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with MS.

Neutralizing antibody titers elicited by CoronaVac and BNT162b2 vaccines in health care workers with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.

We report neutralizing antibody titers (NAbTs) elicited by CoronaVac and BNT162b2 vaccines in healthcare workers with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection using both a pseudotype-based assay and a commercial kit. NAbTs were higher for the mRNA vaccine and increased in all previously infected. Good correlation between both assays was found.

Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy versus pelvic organ prolapse suspension for surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse: a retrospective study.

This retrospective surgical clinical study compares clinical and functional effects of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) and laparoscopic pelvic organ prolapse suspension (L-POPS) for anterior and central prolapse correction. Thirty patients enrolled were affected by a symptomatic vaginal central compartment stage 2-3 prolapse and vaginal anterior compartment stage 1-3 prolapse without vaginal posterior compartment prolapse. A successful correction of anterior and central compartments prolapse without relapses were observed in both groups (LSC group versus L-POPS group).

Rationale and design of the PeriOperative ISchemic Evaluation-3 (POISE-3): a randomized controlled trial evaluating tranexamic acid and a strategy to minimize hypotension in noncardiac surgery.

Background: For patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, bleeding and hypotension are frequent and associated with increased mortality and cardiovascular complications. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent with the potential to reduce surgical bleeding; however, there is uncertainty about its efficacy and safety in noncardiac surgery. Although usual perioperative care is commonly consistent with a hypertension-avoidance strategy (i.

Regional Vascular Changes and Aortic Dilatation in Pediatric Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve.

Background: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart disease, often associated with valve dysfunction, coarctation of the aorta, and ascending aorta dilatation. Aortic dilatation might result from abnormal regional hemodynamics or inherent vascular disease. Vascular function in pediatric BAV remains poorly characterized.