Reliability and reproducibility of visual e-norms plateau identification.

Objective: To derive normal values from a lab's own diagnostic studies, the e-norms method relies on the proper identification of the e-norms plateau to derive descriptive statistics of the variable under study. This work was undertaken to compare the inter and intra-rater reliability of visual identification of the plateau by different raters analyzing laboratory nerve conductions study data.

Methods: Twenty raters were asked to visually identify the inflection points delineating an e-norms plateau to derive the Mean value of nerve conduction study laboratory data while blinded to the parameter they were analyzing.

Effect of a 12-week endurance training program on force transfer and membrane integrity proteins in lean, obese, and type 2 diabetic subjects.

The mechanisms accounting for the loss of muscle function with obesity and type 2 diabetes are likely the result of a combination of neural and muscular factors. One muscular factor that is important, yet has received little attention, is the protein machinery involved in longitudinal and lateral force transmission. The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of force transfer and membrane integrity proteins before and after a 12-week endurance training program in lean, obese, and obese type 2 diabetic adults.

Does High Cardiorespiratory Fitness Confer Some Protection Against Proinflammatory Responses After Infection by SARS-CoV-2?

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated in China in late 2019 and has since spread rapidly to every continent in the world. This pandemic continues to cause widespread personal suffering, along with severe pressure on medical and health care providers. The symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent prognosis are worsened in individuals who have preexisting comorbidities prior to infection by the virus.

[Exercise and physical activity in adults who underwent bariatric surgery. Consensus document].

Physical exercise is useful in people who underwent bariatric surgery. However, the right dosage is still a topic for discussion. The aim of this article is to consolidate the prescription criteria for physical activity and exercise in bariatric patients.

Case report of an exercise training and nutritional intervention plan in a patient with A350P mutation in DES gene.

Performing a supplementation intervention with creatine and protein, in conjunction with low-intensity endurance and resistance exercise is safe and has a positive effect on the quality of life in a patient with desminopathy.

Analysis and new contraception frontiers with combined vaginal rings.

Combined vaginal rings (ethinylestradiol (EE)/desogestrel), indicated for contraception, are highly effective, comparable to other combined hormonal contraceptives, such as pills. In addition to this benefit, vaginal rings are easy to use, with a probable lower risk of forgetting, due to their non-daily, monthly schedule. Besides, for users with poor gastric tolerance to oral formulations, they represent a method with safety and comparable extraconceptive benefits.

One-year Results of a Factorial Randomized Trial of Aspirin versus Placebo and Clonidine versus Placebo in Patients Having Noncardiac Surgery.

Background: The authors previously reported that perioperative aspirin and/or clonidine does not prevent a composite of death or myocardial infarction 30 days after noncardiac surgery. Moreover, aspirin increased the risk of major bleeding and clonidine caused hypotension and bradycardia. Whether these complications produce harm at 1 yr remains unknown.

Multidisciplinary laparoscopic management of deep infiltrating endometriosis from 2010 to 2017: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Laparoscopy has become the standard of care in the surgical management of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). However, it is a challenging procedure with a high complication rate. Despite the benefits of the minimally invasive approach, DIE resection is often performed by surgeons without adequate training, especially in developing countries like Chile.

Germline Variants in Driver Genes of Breast Cancer and Their Association with Familial and Early-Onset Breast Cancer Risk in a Chilean Population.

The genetic variations responsible for tumorigenesis are called driver mutations. In breast cancer (BC), two studies have demonstrated that germline mutations in driver genes linked to sporadic tumors may also influence BC risk. The present study evaluates the association between SNPs and SNP-SNP interaction in driver genes (rs10497520), (rs2242442), (rs11168827), and (rs702688 and rs702689) with BC risk in -negative Chilean families.

A Thyroid Genetic Classifier Correctly Predicts Benign Nodules with Indeterminate Cytology: Two Independent, Multicenter, Prospective Validation Trials.

Although most thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology are benign, in most of the world, surgery remains as the most frequent diagnostic approach. We have previously reported a 10-gene thyroid genetic classifier, which accurately predicts benign thyroid nodules. The assay is a prototype diagnostic kit suitable for reference laboratory testing and could potentially avoid unnecessary diagnostic surgery in patients with indeterminate thyroid cytology.

Preschool Girl With Vaginal Bleeding Due to Pinworm Endometritis.

Genital tract bleeding in prepubertal girls is a rare clinical condition, which can occur for multiple reasons. It frequently generates anxiety in the family and in health care professionals. A thorough anamnesis and careful genital inspection can give important diagnostic hints; however, there are cases in which the cause remains doubtful and a complete gynecological evaluation (including cultures and vaginoscopy) is necessary.

[Consensus of infectious complications in patients treated with selected biological therapies.Screening of hepatitis B in high risk Chilean and immigrant pregnant women: Management of mother to child transmission Second part: Chilean Guidelines for Prevention of Infections associated to use of Biological Therapies (PREVITEB)].

The use of biological therapies has meant a great improvement in the management of several conditions like autoimmune, neoplastic or others diseases. Although its use has implied significant improvements in the prognosis of these diseases, it is not exempt from complications: infectious diseases as one of them. The objective of this consensus was to evaluate, from an infectious viewpoint, the safeness of the most frequently used biological therapies and give recommendations for the prevention of infections in patients treated with these drugs.

[Consensus of infectious complications in patients treated with selected biological therapies: first Part].

The use of biological therapies has meant a great improvement in the management of several conditions like autoimmune, neoplastic or others diseases. Although its use has implied significant improvements in the prognosis of these diseases, it is not exempt from complications: infectious diseases as one of them. The objective of this consensus was to evaluate, from an infectious viewpoint, the safeness of the most frequently used biological therapies and give recommendations for the prevention of infections in patients treated with these drugs.

Treatment of post-cholecystectomy biliary strictures with fully-covered self-expanding metal stents - results after 5 years of follow-up.

Background: Endoscopic treatment of post-cholecystectomy biliary strictures (PCBS) with multiple plastic biliary stents placed sequentially is a minimally invasive alternative to surgery but requires multiple interventions. Temporary placement of a single fully-covered self-expanding metal stent (FCSEMS) may offer safe and effective treatment with fewer re-interventions. Long-term effectiveness of treatment with FCSEMS to obtain PCBS resolution has not yet been studied.

Endoscopic treatment of lower pole stones: is a disposable ureteroscope preferable? Results of a prospective case-control study.

Introduction: The best option for lower pole stone management is still under debate. With the recent incorporation of disposable ureteroscopes, discussion on this topic has been renewed. The aim of the present study was to compare the results obtained with flexible disposable ureteroscopes with those obtained using reusable ureteroscopes in the treatment of inferior calyx stones.

Is neck circumference an appropriate tool to predict cardiovascular risk in clinical practice? A cross-sectional study in Chilean population.

Objectives: Neck circumference has emerged as a predictor of obesity and metabolic syndrome, but its clinical usefulness for different groups of population is not clearly defined. The aim is to evaluate the predictive capacity of neck circumference in order to detect cardiovascular risks (CVRs) on the Chilean population and to compare it with waist circumference performance.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Exercise Mediated by Toll-Like Receptor Regulation in Innate Immune Cells - A Review.

Over the last three decades, the combination of a sedentary lifestyle and excessive food intake has led to a significant increase in the prevalence of obesity. The latter favors a chronic low-grade inflammatory state and an over-activation of the innate immune system, which contribute to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Physical exercise is a powerful preventive tool and treatment for several diseases as it induces metabolic and immune effects that provide health benefits.

Activation of protein synthesis, regeneration, and MAPK signaling pathways following repeated bouts of eccentric cycling.

The aim of this study was to examine the activation of skeletal muscle signaling pathways related to protein synthesis and the gene expression of regeneration/degradation markers following repeated bouts of eccentric cycling. Nine untrained men (25.4 ± 1.

Urology mythbusters: do we need to surgically correct vesicoureteral reflux in older girls to prevent problems in future pregnancy? (revision 1).

In this edition of Mythbusters we critically examine the premise that, because women with history of vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) are at higher risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) and other morbidity during pregnancy, persistent VUR in older girls should be considered an indication for surgical correction. The literature is very limited in that there are essentially no methodologically robust comparisons of pregnancy outcomes among women whose childhood VUR was or was not surgically repaired. Most of the case series and cohorts find relatively high incidence of UTI and pyelonephritis among pregnant women with a history of VUR, but there is very little to suggest that persistent VUR is itself a risk factor for infection during pregnancy.

Early ureteroscopic treatment in patients with urosepsis associated with ureteral calculi is a safe approach. A pilot study.

Introduction: Emergency drainage of the urinary tract is the first necessary approach in patients with urosepsis secondary to obstructive ureteral calculi. The appropriate waiting time before definitive treatment has not been determined. We hypothesized that early ureteroscopic treatment after the patient has been stabilized is as safe as deferred treatment.

Pattern analysis of a complete Achilles tendon rupture suffered during high jump preparation in an official national-level athletic competition.

Elite athletes are subject to injuries like the Achilles tendon rupture. This injury requires a long recovery process, with no guarantee of returning to the pre-injury level. When a rupture happens during natural life, movement analysis can provide useful insights concerning patterns of rupture to understand and prevent Achilles tendon injuries.

Laparoscopic Reverse Technique for Posterior Rectovaginal Deep Endometriosis Nodule Step by Step.

Study Objective: To demonstrate the application of the so-called reverse technique to approach deep infiltrating endometriosis nodules affecting the retrocervical area, the posterior vaginal fornix, and the anterior rectal wall. In Video 1, the authors describe the complete procedure in 10 steps in order to standardize it and facilitate the comprehension and the reproduction of such a procedure in a simple and safe way.

Design: A case report.

[Antimicrobial therapy in cancer patients and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation receptors].

This manuscript includes the antiinfective therapeutic resources for immunocompromised patients under chemotherapy by cancer or hematopoietic stem cells transplant (HSCT) receptors. The document presents the antimicrobial therapy indicated in the most prevalent clinical situations in this population and the primary and alternative therapy for some specific microorganisms. The clinical situations included in the analysis are: febrile neutropenia without focus, sepsis, infections of the central nervous system, pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, neutropenic enterocolitis and urinary tract infection.