[The effect of crystalline lens extraction on intraocular pressure in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma].

This issue presents the results of a study on patients with cataract and primary open angle glaucoma who suffered lens extraction for cataract. We analise the effects of the lens extraction on the level of intraocular pressure at this patients.

[Results in flaucoma -- cataract combined surgery].

The issue reveals the results of a study on 43 patients which suffered conbined glaucoma-cataract surgery. We present patients evolution and the complications which can occur.

[Diagnosis of orbital cysticercosis -- a challenge for ophthalmologist].

Cysticercosis is a cause of serious ocular/orbital morbidity. Ocular cysticercosis can involve the anterior segment, posterior segment or adnexa. The cysticercus parasite has a predilection for subconjunctival, subretinal and intravitreal structures.

[Paralysis of the oculomotor nerve caused by aneurysm--general facts and a case report].

One of the most frequent etiology of oculomotor nerve palsy are intracerebral aneurysms. Due to anatomical facts (its course and main relations with vascular structures of the brain) lesions of the oculomotor nerve often occur. In this paper there are presented essential issues concerning neuroanatomy of the III-rd cranial nerve pair main locations of the cerebral aneurysms in order to investigate the effect of nerve compression, clinical data regarding the palsy of the oculomotor nerve due to a cerebral aneurysm, the treatment and post surgery recovery followed by a clinical report.

[Pneumosinus dilatans--general considerations and a case report].

The term "pneumosinus dilatans" was coined by Benjamin in 1918 in his description of ballooning hyperpneumatization of the frontal sinus. The term was use later on for excessive pneumatization of individual or several paranasal sinuses, with or without local compressive signs. Inspite of numerous publications, the phenomenon of pneumosinus dilatans of paranasal sinuses never became particularly popular.

[Toxoplasmic central chorioretinitis].

Toxoplasma gondii is the most frequent cause of chorioretinitis in immunocompetent patients. This paper highlights the case of a 15 years old girl, an immunocompetent patient, with an active chorioretinal focus in the LE and a chorioretinal scar in the RE. Serologically, the IgG antiToxoplasma titre is increased, but the IgM antibodies are negative.

[Traumatic endophthalmitis--terapeutical indications and results].

Purpose: The purpose of our study is to analyze the outcome of traumatic endophthalmitis, as revealed by our own experience.

Material Method: We conducted a clinical retrospective study including all the consecutive cases with traumatic endophthalmitis that have been hospitalized in the University Ophthalmology Department from Cluj-Napoca (Romania), for a 28 months period of time (September the 1st 2007 - December the 31st 2009).

Results/discussion: The overall incidence of traumatic endophthalmitis has been 4.

[Clinical factors that interfere with prognosis in patients with branch of retinal central vein occlusion].

This issue presents the results of a research on 74 patients with thrombosis of a retinal vein branch, showing the factors which influence the functional outcome of this patients.

[Abducens nerve palsy in a posterior communicating artery aneurysm].

We are reporting a case with decrease vision of the left eye, convergent strabismus of the left eye and diplopia. The neuro-ophthalmologic exam shows palsy of the left sixth cranial (abducens) nerve. The cerebral angiography exam reveals an aneurysm of the left communicating artery.

[Anterior optic neuropathy in Lyme disease, monosymptomatic form].

We present the case of a patient (a 21-year-old woman) with acute and complete loss vision of the left eye, and severe periodic left ocular and left orbital pain. Visual, acuity right eye = 20/20. Under steroid and nonsteroid general and local treatment, the visual acuity was improved (VA left eye = 0, 1,n.

[Progressive axial exophthalmy--case report].

Introduction: It is being presented the clinical case of a 67 year old male patient who has been under clinical observation and treatment for 10 years. The diagnosis rests upon clinical methods, imaging techniques (ocular-orbital examination, computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) as well as post-operative histopathology reports.

Results: The clinical diagnosis was supported by the progressive decrease in visual acuity, painful, irreducible, non-pulsating axial progressive exophthalmia, associated with disorders of the ocular motility initially at the level of the RE, followed by bilateral involvement.

[Primary antiphospholipid syndrome].

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a disorder characterised by recurrent arterial or venous thrombosis and/or pregnancy losses, in the presence of persistently elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibodies and/or evidence of circulating lupus anticoagulant (these abnormalities are detected by blood tests). Primary APS occurs when there is no evidence of associated diseases. APS in the presence of an underlying disease, usually systemic lupus erythematosus, is called secondary APS.

[Acute endophthalmitis--surgical treatment or conservative therapy].

Acute endophthalmitis is an ophthalmological emergency. Immediate therapy is recommended in order to maintain a normal anatomic and functional ocular globe, according to the most recent guidelines. Surgical therapy and intravitreal drug injection represent standard treatments.

[Diagnostic and therapeutic problems in a case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with ocular involvement].

The majority of malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas are located in lymph nodes, but there are other localizations such as orbital, conjunctival, in the eyelids, or very rare intraocular. The aim of this case is to discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic problems in a case of LMNH with ophthalmologic extension.

[Complications of internal tamponade with gas or silicone].

This article presents the vitreous substitutes used in vitreoretinal surgery, emphasizing the complications of intraocular tamponade: refractive considerations, common toxicity of gases and silicone oil, specific toxicity of silicone oil, intraocular pressure abnormalities and lenticular complications.

[Stem cells in ophthalmology. Pathologic implications].

A real challenge in medicine for the knowledge of the physiologic processes of organism's development as well as for the future therapy of some of the most serious diseases, stem cells are discovered step by step. This paper sets forth the present knowledge about stem cells in general, and in particular, for ophthalmology with the respective pathologic implications.

[Cone dystrophy].

In this issue we present the importance of OCT in the diagnosis of macular cones dystrophy.

[Glaucoma, hydrocephaly and quadrantanopsias].

The authors present the case of a male patient who was diagnosed with juvenile glaucoma after an ophthalmologic examination. The patient had a previous diagnosis: hydrocephaly.

[Retinal capillary hemangioma].

The retinal capillary hemangiomas are evolutive tumors which, solitary or multiple, present a vast clinical appearance, described under generic name of "retinal angiomatosis". We present the case of a young male patient with solitary retinal capillary hemangioma, localized in the interpapilo-macular region. The exofitic tumors were characterized by a particular arrangement of the tumoral vascular network: superficial (in the superior area) and profound (in the inferior area).

[Perimetric aspects in optic nerve drusen].

The drusen of the optic nerve head is a relative rare occurrence in ophthalmologic practice, but it induce more or less important functional alterations. In this issue we present some characteristics of visual field impairment present at the patients with drusen of optic nerve head.

[Horton disease--ophthalmologic involvement].

The authors present the case of a female patient with giant cell arteritis diagnosed after an ophthalmologic examination.

[Protein C reactive and glaucoma].

Purpose: To observe the possible implications of the C reactive protein in pathogenesis of the glaucoma.

Methods: A clinical observational prospective study on 2 groups: group A 14 glaucomatous patients and group B--control (12 normal subjects) without history of ocular pathology or general pathology known to be associated with high plasma levels of CRP. The groups were homogeneous about the age and sex distribution.

[Therapeutic difficulties in neovascular glaucoma].

This issue presents the results of a study on patients with neovascular glaucoma. We analyse the difficulties that occur in the management of this severe form of glaucoma.

[Macular pigmentary epiteliopathy].

This issue presents the case of a patient which present bilateral macular pigmentary epitheliopathy.

[Computer program for medical records of patients with diabetic retinopathy].

The purpose of this study was to point out the advantages or the computerised evidence in patients with diabetic retinopathy examined in "Diabetic Eye Department" from Ophthalmology Clinic Craiova. This program represents a new national performance regarding the evidence of the diabetic patients clinic examination. The main characteristics of our program are the accessibility and the coherence; the utility of this program has been demonstrated by long term use and the big number of patents recorded.