Biomechanical and Biological Multidisciplinary Strategies in the Orthodontic Treatment of Patients with Periodontal Diseases: A Review of the Literature.

Orthodontic treatment aims to correct malocclusions and ensure the overall health and stability of the periodontium. The relationship between orthodontic therapy and periodontal health is intricate and multifaceted, and a comprehensive approach is often required to achieve optimal outcomes. Firstly, this article delves into the impact of orthodontic mechanics on periodontal tissues, emphasizing the importance of minimizing iatrogenic effects such as root resorption and gingival recession.

Reliability and accuracy of Artificial intelligence-based software for cephalometric diagnosis. A diagnostic study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing cephalometric diagnosis in orthodontics, streamlining the patient assessments. This study aimed to assess the reliability, accuracy, and time consumption of artificial intelligence (AI)-based software compared to a conventional digital cephalometric analysis method on 2D lateral cephalogram.

Methods: 408 lateral cephalometries were analysed using three methods: manual landmark localization, automatic localization, and semi-automatic localization with AI-based software.

New Insight into the genotype-phenotype correlation of PTH1R variants and primary failure of tooth eruption on an Italian Cohort.

Primary failure of tooth eruption (PFE) is an autosomal dominant disease with penetrance defect. While the clinical phenotype is relatively well-defined since the 70 s of the last centuries, much more need to be clarified about the genetic causes of this condition. In our previous paper we established clinical criteria to better identify PFE patients carrying PTH1R gene variants.

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection: Pathogenesis, Oral Manifestations, and the Role of Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy: A Narrative Review.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health concern with significant systemic implications, including a range of oral manifestations. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the oral and dental pathologies related to HCV, the etiopathogenetic mechanisms linking such conditions to HCV and the impact of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy. Common oral manifestations of HCV include oral lichen planus (OLP), periodontal disease, and xerostomia.

Is All-on-four effective in case of partial mandibular resection? A 3D finite element study.

Introduction: The aim of the work is to analyze stress distribution on 3D Finite Element (FE) models at bone, implant, and framework level of different designs for fixed implant-supported prostheses in completely edentulous patients, comparing results on whole and partially resected mandibles.

Materials And Methods: 3D anisotropic FE models of a whole and of a partially resected mandible were created using a TC scan of a cadaver's totally edentulous mandible. Two types of totally implant-supported rehabilitation were simulated, with four implants: parallel fixtures on whole mandible and on resected mandible, All-on-four-configured fixtures on whole mandible and on partially resected mandible.

Short-term effect of orthodontic clear aligners on muscular activity and occlusal contacts: A cohort study.

Introduction: The simultaneous presence of maxillary and mandibular clear aligners alters the vertical dimension and the quantity and quality of occlusal contacts. Few data in the literature explain how this occurs and the effects on neuromuscular coordination. This study aimed to evaluate occlusal contacts and muscular balance during treatment with clear aligners over a short follow-up time.

Single versus multiple visits for endodontic treatment of permanent teeth.

Background: Root canal treatment (RoCT), or endodontic treatment, is a common procedure in dentistry. The main indications for RoCT are irreversible pulpitis and necrosis of the dental pulp caused by carious processes, coronal crack or fracture, or dental trauma. Successful RoCT is characterised by an absence of symptoms (i.

Effects of Contact Sports on Temporomandibular Disorders: An Observational Study.

The study investigated the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in 100 competitive athletes in contact sports, equally grouped by the practiced game: Soccer (SoG), Rugby (RG), American Football (AFG), Boxing (BoG), Basketball (BaG), compared to a randomly control group of 20 non-athletes (CG). Symptoms and signs were examined according to the standardized Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders through a questionnaire and clinical evaluation. Arthralgia showed significant differences between RG and CG and between AFG and CG (p < 0.

OSA Wellness Scale (OWS): A New Health-Related Quality of Life Test in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients Treated with Mandibular Advancement Device.

Objectives: To present a new short self-test, called the OSA wellness scale (OWS), for assessing the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) changes in obstructive apnea syndrome (OSA) patients treated with mandibular advancement device (MAD).

Methods: 51 OSA patients (8 women and 43 men, mean age 52.3) treated with a fully customizable MAD device (Protrusor) were retrospectively enrolled.

Impact of COVID-19 on Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis: A Narrative Review.

COVID-19 is reported as one of the most widespread diseases in the world. An extraordinary number of articles and manuscripts have focused on the inflammatory cascade and sequelae, showing the important roles of cytokines and renin-angiotensin levels and possible links to other pathologies. Nowadays, interest regarding the possible correlation between COVID-19 and periodontal and Peri-implant diseases is increasing.

Taxonomic Analysis of Oral Microbiome during Orthodontic Treatment.

Background: Orthodontic appliances induce significant changes in the oral microbiome, but this shift in microbial composition has not been well established by the available evidence yet.

Objectives: To perform a systematic review of existing literature in order to assess the taxonomic microbial changes in orthodontic patients during Fixed Appliance Treatment (FAT) and Clear Aligner Treatment (CAT), using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. .

Localised juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia: A case of spontaneous resolution and a literature review.

Aim: Localised juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) is a benign lesion occurring in young patients as gingival erythema and overgrowth, typically localised on gingiva of maxillary incisors. The aim of this work is to report a case of LJSGH where complete spontaneous regression was achieved together with a review of the literature on the topic.

Case Report: An 8-year-old girl was referred for a gingival painless lesion, which had appeared spontaneously one year before and was refractory to periodontal treatment.

Effect of Class II functional treatment on facial attractiveness, as perceived by professionals and laypeople.

The literature offers different perspectives for and against two-phase treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion. Facial attractiveness is an important aspect to take into account, given that children with skeletal Class II are often bullied by their peers and have low self-esteem and a lower social perception. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the aesthetic perception of facial profiles by a large number of observers, before and after treatment with a functional appliance, compared to untreated controls.

Is the postoperative discomfort after connective tissue harvesting from the palate influenced by the use of a bipolar coagulator? A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of the use of a bipolar coagulator on postoperative pain and complications when used during connective tissue harvesting from the palate.

Material And Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with 57 sequential patients requiring a connective tissue graft for periodontal or implant surgery. All samples were harvested superficially and de-epithelized outside the mouth.

Framework Fracture of Zirconia Supported Full Arch Implant Rehabilitation: A Retrospective Evaluation of Cantilever Length and Distal Cross-Sectional Connection Area in 140 Patients Over an Up-To-7 Year Follow-Up Period.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between different dimensional parameters in implant-supported monolithic zirconia fixed complete dental prostheses (IFCDPs) and the incidence of framework fracture in a large sample of cases in vivo.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective observational study evaluated all patients rehabilitated with screw-retained zirconia IFCDPs between January 2013 and April 2019 at a private practice. The minimum follow-up period was 1 year after occlusal loading.

Mandibular advancement with clear aligners in the treatment of skeletal Class II. A retrospective controlled study.

Aim: The current study aimed to analyse the dentoskeletal effects of the Invisalign mandibular advancement (MA) device in the treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusions.

Materials And Methods: Pre-treatment and post-treatment lateral skull radiographs from patients treated with MA versus TB (Twin-Block Appliance) at the Department of Orthodontics of the University of L'Aquila, Italy, were traced. Eligibility criteria included SNB<78; ANB>4; no previous orthodontic treatments; and vertebral maturation stage (CVM) CS3.

Immediate implant placement and loading in the esthetic area when the buccal socket wall is significantly damaged.

Objectives: Recent clinical recommendations contraindicate immediate implant placement when the socket buccal bone plate is significantly damaged. The connective tissue graft (CTG) is increasingly being used in implant therapy and can replace periodontal defects lacking bone wall in periodontal regenerative surgery. Therefore, CTG could be used to allow immediate implant placement and loading even when the buccal socket wall is damaged, facilitating graft material stability.

In Vitro Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets after Enamel Conditioning with Acid Etching and Hydroabrasion.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index ARI) of orthodontic brackets following enamel conditioning with acid etching, hydroabrasion, and with both procedures. Thirty extracted human premolars were divided into three groups and received either acid etching, hydroabrasion or both procedures. Orthodontic brackets were bonded with composite resin.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Applications in Endodontics: A Review.

A current topic in dentistry concerns the biocompatibility of the materials, and in particular, conservative dentistry and endodontics ones. The mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a dental material with biocompatibility properties to oral and dental tissues. MTA was developed for dental root repair in endodontic treatment and it is formulated from commercial Portland cement, combined with bismuth oxide powder for radiopacity.

A novel nonsense PTH1R variant shows incomplete penetrance of primary failure of eruption: a case report.

Background: Aim of this work was to describe a rare inheritance pattern of Primary Failure of Eruption (PFE) in a small family with incomplete penetrance of PFE and a novel nonsense PTH1R variant.

Case Presentation: The proband, a 26 year-old man with a significant bilateral open-bite, was diagnosed with PFE using clinical and radiographic characteristics. DNA was extracted from the proband and his immediate family using buccal swabs and the entire PTH1R coding sequence was analyzed, revealing a novel heterozygous nonsense variant in exon 7 of PTH1R (c.

Timing for implant placement in patients treated with radiotherapy of head and neck.

Background: Aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the most appropriate timing for the implant placement in oral cancer patients treated with radiation therapy.

Materials And Methods: We collected data for 17 subjects (10 females, 7 males; mean age: 51 ± 19) with malignant oral tumors who had been treated with ablative surgery and radiation therapy of head and neck. The radiotherapy was set in accordance with the NCCN guidelines.

Antibiofilm Activity of Three Different Irrigation Techniques: An in Vitro Study.

The microbial infection of the endodontic space occurs in a necrotic tooth as a result of dental caries, trauma, periodontal disease, or previous root canal therapy. The disruption of the biofilms and the reduction of the bacterial load inside root canals are crucial for the success of root canal therapy. The aim of this study was to compare, in vitro, the antibiofilm efficacy of a novel passive sonic irrigation (PSI) device with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and conventional needle irrigation (CNI).